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501 | The article considers the possibility of formation and implementation of the educational order of the teacher and pupil in modern school. The relevance of this topic is determined by the fact that the ability of the participant to formulate his order indicates his ability to take the position of an active subject of education. Such a subject, through its order, begins to manage the process of its education. In modern research, the process of formation of the educational order of the teacher and pupil is considered separately. This article shows the specifics of the work on the educational order in the practice of the School of joint activity, in which the order of the teacher and the pupil is formed in close cooperation and occurs simultaneously. The article presents the experience of the school in developing the technology of development and implementation of the educational order, shows the main stages of this work. The first stage is devoted to the identification of goals, forms of training and evaluation, ordered by the participants of the joint activity. At the second stage the teacher organizes a discussion of the survey results. The third stage is the planning of joint activities for the implementation of the order. The fourth stage of the work is aimed at the implementation of the joint educational order. At the fifth stage the results of the order are analyzed and joint educational activities are reflected. The article highlights the role of the joint portfolio in the implementation of the educational order of the teacher and pupil. The joint portfolio allows to present in a visual form the contribution of each participant of education to the planning and implementation of the educational order. Keywords: educational order of the teacher and pupil, open joint portfolio | 742 | |||||
502 | The problem of the development of the cognitive activity of schoolchildren and its active application is posed. The solution to this problem is associated with the development of the cognitive interest of students at the age when they begin to study physics. The cognitive activity of students of this age in teaching physics is associated with the development of such mental operations as understanding, logical thinking and depends on the level of their development. The organization of active cognitive activity of schoolchildren in the classroom, in the process of which the ability to understand the presented material is formed, cognitive interest develops and logical thinking requires special methods and a certain organization of lessons, which is currently not sufficiently developed. It is proposed to do this on a system of problematic lessons. Using the example of a specific development of one of these physics lessons, it is shown that the involvement of schoolchildren in solving problems in the classroom and the use of a set of methods and techniques that allow them to be solved, activates mental activity and cognitive abilities. Heuristic conversation, the inclusion of some students in practical activities and interactive observation are used as methods and techniques. It analyzes how it is possible to organize a heuristic conversation when conducting problem lessons, and what types of questions to use in the framework of the conversation, how to organize the practice. The success of the proposed methods for the development of the cognitive activity of schoolchildren is confirmed by specific quantitative data on the development of the cognitive interest of 7th and 8th grade students: the level of participation in heuristic conversation, the complication of the nature of the questions that involve in the conversation, as well as the readiness for reflection and self-development. Keywords: cognitive activity, ways of enhancing learning, problem lesson, heuristic conversation, chamomile of questions, assessment of enhancing cognitive activity | 740 | |||||
503 | Considering the development of future teachers’ readiness to work with gifted children, the authors analyze the legal and regulatory support for the educational process organization. A detailed consideration of the problem of the fact that the dynamics and productivity of the future teacher’s willingness to work with gifted children is largely determined by the conditions for students at a pedagogical university for their own image of the teacher’s profession, as well as the essence and specificity of their professional activity. The full characteristics of the student’s self-realization and the styles of psychological and pedagogical support of the child’s personality formation are given. The features of work with gifted children are described. The criteria and indicators of the future teachers’ readiness to work with gifted children are given. The methods of this quality diagnostics are presented. The authors talk about the need to use the psychological and pedagogical resources of educational interaction in order to help future teacher in manifesting activity for the opportunity to work with gifted children, developing their own attitude to themselves as a specialist, open creativity and ready for positive self-development and personal and professional growth. To set the goal of forming readiness for work with gifted children, in the authors’ understanding, means to determine the necessary qualitative changes in the personality of the future teacher, and on this basis to organize the educational process accordingly. Keywords: gifted children, teacher training problem, training, pedagogical support, teacher’s professional qualities, personality formation, work with gifted children, talented youth, diagnostic techniques, activity | 739 | |||||
504 | Psychological and pedagogical security is an essential criterion as applied to the educational environment. With regard to a higher education institution, such security includes many aspects and is largely determined by social and psychological environment within an academic group. The use of sociometry-based methods is necessitated by the difficulty of carrying out the adequate assessment of social and psychological environment within academic groups and the availability of negative factors, such as chronic conflicts, mobbing, bulling and dignitary harm. Original method for processing the primary data received at the result of sociometric approach is provided, which is realized as process tool (computer program) enabling the variation of surveying regimes and generate (after the survey results have been processed) any kinds of data, i.e. quantitative characteristics representing the social and psychological situation, as well as interactive group chart. The examples are given, how to apply the following methods of interpretation (processing) of primary data: scree test, mathematical theory of limits and graph theory. The method may be applied for social and pedagogical monitoring, development of psychological assessment tools for studying interpersonal and intergroup interaction of the members of educational environment, as well as for the development of information-and-probability models of behavioral pattern of a student group provided any changes of conditions. Keywords: academic group, sociometry, security, risks, mathematical methods, conflict, computer program, assessment, educational environment | 739 | |||||
505 | The meta-subject approach was introduced into the system of primary general education in 2010. However, until now there is no officially accepted definition of the term “metasubject content”. The purpose of this study was to reveal the essence and content of the metasubject approach, aimed at ensuring the raise of the subjective cognitive activity of students to the over-subject level. For this aim the author of the article studied the positions of leading scientific schools on the meta-subject content of general education, meta-subject competences and the meta-subject approach as a whole, made a content analysis of the key concepts, correlated the positions of representatives of leading scientific schools on a meta-subject approach with the requirements of the Federal State Educational Standard, and formulated own position on system-forming concepts. The meta-subject content of general education is a totality of over-subject didactic units (“meta-subjects”, “primary meanings”), as well as methods of conducting meta-subject cognitive activity. Meta-subject results consist of metasubject knowledge, universal learning activities and meta-subject competencies. Meta-subject knowledge refers to knowledge of a higher level of abstraction compared to subject knowledge related to one subject area. Meta-subject knowledge can be obtained only through a combination of knowledge from several subject areas. The author formulated his own definition of meta-subject competencies: meta-subject competencies are the learner’s integrative abilities to learn meta-subject knowledge based on correlation of knowledge from several subject areas, as well as to form universal educational actions based on a combination of different methods of conducting meta-subject cognitive activity from several areas (cognitive, regulatory, communicative). Keywords: meta-subject approach, principle of combination, meta-subject content, meta-subject results, meta-subject competencies | 739 | |||||
506 | The article suggests the complex methodological approach to translation of a literary text. It includes hermeneutical method of text analysis, the theory of modifications in translation and the tools of comparative linguistics. This approach can provide guidance for solving problems of interpretation of literary source texts and target texts. It enables a reader, a translator, a researcher to achieve an in-depth understanding of meanings and the original messages. The idea of the complex approach to the literary text translation comes from the fact translation is a complex phenomenon itself. Nowadays nobody has doubts about its interdisciplinary character. Translation is defined not as a mere interaction of the two languages, it is influenced by a great number of extra-linguistic factors. To illustrate the theory the author analyses the episode from M. Bulgakov’s «The Master and Margarita» and the ways its meanings are conveyed into the two target texts in English. The novel is a masterpiece. Every generation of readers, translators, researchers reveals new meanings of it, without coming to the final unambiguous interpretation. The translators understand and interpret the original text messages differently. Their understanding and the choice of translation strategies depend on the potential of the target language, the time and social cultural context, the stylistic norms and standards, earlier experiences, personal background knowledge and preferences. The text of the literary work is therefore open for alternative interpretations, which prolong its life. The results can be useful for anyone interested in the text based research and literary translation. They can be applied to the academic course on discussing, interpreting and translating of literary texts as well. Keywords: literary translation, hermeneutical approach in translation studies, translation strategies, modifications and transformations, text messages | 731 | |||||
507 | A critical analysis of modern school textbooks on geography is given in the article. The analysis is related to the compliance of the Federal state educational standard of basic General education with the following requirements: methodological, psychological, aesthetic and hygienic. The presented positive aspects of geography textbooks were identified: wellbuilt methodological apparatus; colorful design, the presence of maps, schemes, diagrams, drawings; a system of questions and tasks aimed at organizing independent cognitive activity of pupils through the use of research methods; integration of physical-geographical and economic-geographical branches of geography. The authors of the article revealed the given below negative points in geography textbooks: simplification of scientific geographical information; insufficient description of physical-geographical processes in solving practical problems; lack of connection between the simplified theory of initial courses of geography and practical tasks that are given in Russian exams (the Basic State Exam and the Unified State Exam) in geography; incomplete reflection of the local history approach. Specific examples from existing geography textbooks were provided to confirm the established disadvantages. The national project «Digital school» was reviewed. This project suggests using geography textbooks in the educational process together with other teaching tools, including digital ones. Thus, the geography textbook plays an essential role in shaping the geographical outlook of pupils. In addition, textbooks contribute to the achievement of personal, metasubject and subject learning outcomes. Ways to modernize geography textbooks were defined based on the analysis of the state of Russian school geographical education, namely, the converting textbooks to digital format using interactive applications, videos, demonstrations of experiments and observations, electronic maps and electronic test tasks. Keywords: geography at school, teaching geographical disciplines, geographical education, individual approach to learning, geography textbook | 731 | |||||
508 | Within a currently relevant competence-based approach, some aspects of the formation of professional competencies of future physics teachers when studying the course Theoretical Physics. Module: Classical Mechanics» are considered. This discipline is a fundamental component of the theoretical training of the teacher-physicist and plays the role of a knowledge basis, without which the successful activity of a physics teacher is impossible. Physics studies the general laws of the phenomena of nature, the properties and structure of matter, the forms of motion of matter and their mutual transformations. Theoretical Physics is given a primary place in the formation of the natural scientific world outlook and a holistic picture of the world, in addition, it contributes to the development of scientific thinking among students. Formation of professional competencies in students occurs in the process of studying a specific topic of Classical Mechanics: «The Lagrange function. Euler-Lagrange equations». In the study of General Physics, a course preceding the study of Theoretical Physics, in considering the dynamics of mechanical systems, Newtonian mechanics is used, which is based on Newton’s laws and Galilean’s principle of relativity. In the course of Theoretical Physics, equivalent formulations of Classical Mechanics are given – the Lagrangian’s and the Hamiltonian’s formalisms. In this paper, we consider the interrelation of Newtonian’s and Lagrange’s mechanics on the example of three variants of the plane flat balance problem. Keywords: professional competences, training future teachers of Physics, teaching Classical Mechanics, Lagrange function | 729 | |||||
509 | The article reviewed the research on informatization of education in Russia. The research presented in the article was conducted in the past decade. The author presents and substantially addressed the work of scientists who have researched and created the scientific models, including the use of information resources in training and education. Particular attention is paid to systems of information in the regions and various strategies of education informatization. The author reveals in the text different scientific approaches to solving urgent scientific problems in the field of education informatization. The article argued continuation of current scientific research regarding the use of information and communication technologies in educational process. Keywords: research, information, models, approaches, competence | 728 | |||||
510 | In the conditions of today’s spiritual crisis and the search for “tools” for overcoming it, the qualitative updating of the system of postgraduate education is actualized by giving more attention to the cultural and humanitarian plan for teaching subjects. With this in mind, it is suggested not to ignore the cultural significance of religious knowledge, which is organically woven into Russian literature, history, into Russian pedagogy. The article is an experience of studying theological knowledge of teachers in the system of postgraduate education. An analysis of the literature in the field of the problem under study has been carried out, which has shown the researchers’ attempts to understand the role of cultural values that religion carries in pedagogical education and to offer technologies for their development. The ontogeny of the cultural experience of reading and understanding religious texts as an important component of the development of the axiological foundations of the worldview of the teacher is considered. The reasons for the teacher’s appeal to theological knowledge as a cultural component of Russian culture are substantiated. The conducted research meets the general tendency to use the interdisciplinary theoretical positions of a wide range of sciences: pedagogy, cultural studies, philosophy and religious studies. In this connection, at the present stage of Russia’s development, the actualization of anthropocentric pedagogy is increasing, whereas socialization is understood not as adaptation and conformation, but as cultivation of one’s own position in the world, including with the support of traditional Russian spiritual values. The conducted research meets the general tendency to use the interdisciplinary theoretical positions of a wide range of sciences: pedagogy, cultural studies, philosophy and religious studies. Keywords: theological knowledge, cultural values of religion, religious experience, pedagogical reflection, theological competence of the teacher | 726 | |||||
511 | In modern Russia, a new educational paradigm is changing: a person, his interests and needs, potential opportunities and abilities are the focus of attention of researchers and practical teachers. The changing priorities of Russian education, its structure and content with the introduction of new educational standards, including the professional standard “Teacher” aimed at changing the role of “translator” of knowledge in professional activity of a teacher, the future expert on the role of mentor, partner, companion. In this regard, the status of education is updated, new requirements are made to its level and quality. The results of the work Program of the discipline «Innovative technologies in pre-school education» for students of pedagogical Universities are presented. The implementation of the Program sections in the structure of its content ensures the effectiveness of students’ development of innovative activities, its stage-by-stage processes during lectures, independent classes, and the use of active learning methods, which forms their confidence, mobility, creativity, and positive interaction in the conditions of professional readiness. The results of the study indicate the effectiveness of the content of this Program, which is confirmed by the active participation of students in the course of pedagogical practices on the basis of a preschool educational organization, their independent development of innovative projects, events, miniprograms for preschool children. The actual result of the Program implementation is the presented process of complex readiness of future specialists of preschool education for innovative activities and professional development. The materials of the article can be used in the practice of departments that train future specialists of preschool educational organizations in the system of secondary and higher professional education. Keywords: innovative activity, innovative process, professional training, innovations, readiness for innovative activity, future teachers of preschool education, professional and pedagogical education | 726 | |||||
512 | The article justifies the social significance of the problem being solved. It is noted that changes in all spheres of society change the attitude of people to time, influencing their temporal orientation and perception of the event content of their lives. Special attention is paid to students as a change-sensitive group. Concepts and notions are described, on the basis of which empirical research of relation to time was planned and carried out. As a result of empirical research, it has been proven that students with a high level of optimism are oriented towards the future. In terms of content, the ratio to time is distinguished as dense, bright, colored, volumetric, wide. At the same time, the past and the present are still continuous, present and future active, large, deep and open. A group of students with low levels of optimism are also focused on the future. The content of time this group described as colored, the past characterized by depth, irreversibility, the past and the present felt, but the present adds reality and just as the future it is open. The future is active, joyful, dense and voluminous, but negative characteristics are added here in the form that the future is incomprehensible, volatile and wide. The results of empirical research were summed up. Promising directions of further research are identified. Keywords: student, time attitude, past orientation, future orientation, present orientation, semantic universals of time orientations, optimism | 721 | |||||
513 | The problem of correctional work with children with autism spectrum disorders through the development of interhemispheric interaction is considered. The results of studies by Russian and foreign authors on morphological differences of the corpus callosum of the brain in people with autism spectrum disorders, in which a specific neural marker was identified, giving new directions of correctional work. Considering that the corpus callosum provides interhemispheric interaction, the authors suggested that neurogymnastics should be added to the learning process of children with autism spectrum disorders. An experiment was conducted to prove its effectiveness. Fragments of neuropsychological diagnostics of preschool children according to J. M. Glozman were used to assess the level of development of interhemispheric interaction. A number of adapted samples were used, the quantitative assessment of which was compared with the indicated levels. The results of the ascertaining, forming and control stages of the experiment are described. Additional techniques, namely neurogymnastics, were used as an experimental factor. It is included in classes with children of the experimental group, first as a replacement for the traditional warm-up, and then in the structure of the classes themselves. The results of a comparative analysis of the dynamics of the development of interhemispheric interaction at the beginning and end of the experiment allowed us to conclude that short daily classes in neurogymnastics can accelerate the development of interhemispheric interaction in children with autism spectrum disorder. Neurogymnastics classes can bring the level of development of interhemispheric interaction in children with autism spectrum disorders closer to the level of normally developing children. Keywords: autism spectrum disorder, interhemispheric connections, correctional work with children with autism, development of interhemispheric interaction, neurogymnastics | 721 | |||||
514 | Individualization is considered as a form of education that promotes the realization of potential of intellectual and creative abilities of students. It presents the structural components developed by the authors of information and communication educational environment for the discipline “Computer science”, which allows to choose their educational path, to organize independent activities of students on the development of the discipline and provides the required process of evaluation of the students’ knowledge. Presumes that the adapted by the authors structural and functional scheme of educational process with the use of information and communication educational environment for the discipline “Computer science” will allow students to personalize their educational process. Keywords: individualization of the educational process, university student, information and communication educational environment, educational route | 720 | |||||
515 | The question of the organization of independent work of future lawyers studying in higher educational institutions of the Ministry of Internal Affairs system is considered. Independent work is defined as one of effective means of development of thinking and the intellectual field of activity. This type of work allows to teach cadets and listeners to work with the training material and scientific information consciously. Readiness is understood as the general psychophysiological state which provides updating of potential opportunities of the personality and is expressed in the mindset to independently carry out the set educational and professional tasks. The psychology and pedagogical technologies allowing to form readiness of students for independent training are indicated: determination of prospects of self-development of a student, drawing up the individual development and training plan (a teacher in this case acts as a tutor), a method of projects, the organization of webinars or any other forms of active interaction for explanation of methods of work with scientific research, Internet resources, teaching aids. Realization of the specified positions allows to update representative abilities of students. Keywords: readiness, readiness formation, independent training, self-formation, vocational education, method of projects | 720 | |||||
516 | An analysis of the concept of perceptual modality is given. The characteristic of personality types on the basis of leading modality is given: the visuals, who perceive most of the information through vision; the audials that receive information through the auditory channel and sound is dominant for them; the kinesthetics that perceive most of the information through the touch and other sensations. Features of the presentation of educational information for students of different psychotypes during the conducting lessons on the generalization and systematization of knowledge in the course School Chemical Experiment were considered. The results of testing are given to determine the type of perceptual modality, on the basis of which three groups of students are formed. Three classes have been developed and conducted on the following topics: Initial Chemical Concepts. Hydrogen; Oxygen; Nitrogen and its Compounds. Phosphorus. These classes are different forms of presentation of educational information and the organization of their conduct. Diagnostics of students’ knowledge was carried out in order to determine the quality of mastering educational material on the topics studied. The attitude of students to the use of different forms of presenting information in the classroom based on the results of reflection has been determined. Keywords: perceptual modality, audials, visuals, kinesthetics, forms of presentation of educational information, features of perception of information by various psychotypes, school chemical experiment | 720 | |||||
517 | The article is based on the idea of the socio-psychological nature of gender and contains information on the mechanisms of gender socialization (formation of images of femininity and masculinity) with the help of such agents as family, school, mass culture and literature. The traditional Russian, Soviet and Western types of femininity and masculinity are characterized and tendencies of feminization of public space are noted, as well as coexistence of both traditional, and egalitarian gender models in modern Russian culture. The unique rank of Russian femininity are identified in comparison to Western European femininity. Its origins, first, in Russian folklore, where the image of the wise virgin is vividly represented and then migrates to literature, and secondly, in religion (in Western culture the image of the virgin Mary, Madonna is sung and gives rise to a courtly culture, in Orthodoxy the aspect of motherhood of the mother of God is more important). Femininity in Russian religious philosophy, in contrast to ancient and Eastern philosophy, is associated with divine wisdom, and not with the dark and chaotic. These trends also exist in the literature. The article provides an overview of works by Russian and foreign authors, traditionally included into course syllabi at Russian schools (5-11 grades) and act as the agents of gender socialization. They portrey the image of a strong, self-sufficient and integral Russian woman, while men are depicted in different ways, often hesitating, unable to cope with the test of love. The image of a femme fatale is not typical for Russian culture and literature, as well as the image of a male knight. The paper drew attention to the difficulties in describing of Russian masculinity as portrayed in literature outside the military-Patriotic context. At this time, genre literature draws more unambiguous images of men, but contributes to the formation of gender stereotypes, so there is a problem of selection of texts with positive examples of masculinity. Keywords: gender, gender identity, gender roles, gender socialization, gender stereotype, femininity, masculinity | 720 | |||||
518 | Factors influencing the decision-making on the commission of a certain type of unlawful action are considered. The results of a study of the influence of the intellect’s features, orientation and the intensity of the motive in relation to a set of individual psychological features on the commission of one or another type of unlawful action are presented. The results of the conducted experiment made it possible to reveal the existing correlation links between the motive, intellectual and personal characteristics in the form of the relevant factors that to varying degrees affect the relevant categories of wrongful acts. Differences in six factors, consisting of both personal and motivational indicators, as well as intellectual-motivational ones, are determined. As a result of the analysis of the factor structure of the categories of subjects «Addiction», «Corruption», «UND» and «Norm», it was revealed that the commission of a certain unlawful action (or lack thereof) occurs under the influence of a complex action of factors. The results of the conducted experiment made it possible to reveal the existing correlation links between the motive, intellectual and personal characteristics in the form of the relevant factors that to varying degrees affect the relevant categories of wrongful acts. The factor of normative behavior is revealed. It is the factor of creativity. It is proved that the components of the identified factors in complex determine the commission of the corresponding unlawful act. The revealed peculiarities of persons who were not ever brought to criminal responsibility show the presence of intellectual-motivational determinants of both normative behavior and various types of unlawful actions of the individual. The obtained results experimentally support the hypothesis that the features of human mental activity in interaction with motivations and personal characteristics in complex are a dynamic (constantly changing in the course of life in certain limits) factor that determines the decision to commit a certain type of unlawful action. Keywords: motivational and intellectual factors, personal characteristics, illegal actions, categories with unlawful behavior, polygraph, a factor of normative behavior | 718 | |||||
519 | This article is devoted to the topical problem – the control and evaluative activities in the pedagogy of music education. The features of the structure of competent musicians are considered and the level of complexity of its formation is determined. The completed analysis of the literature on the subject indicates the absence of a unified technology which integrates monitoring and evaluation of results in professional music training. In the process of training the professional musician in secondary vocational education the formation of musical aural competency is the most important task and is carried out primarily on the musical-theoretical disciplines cycle. “Solfeggio” is obligatory subject for all musical specialities. We consider the requirements of the Federal State Educational Standard to the results of the studying of this subject on specialty “Instrumental Performance”. On the example of musical theoretical discipline “Solfeggio” the elements of music and aural competence are defined. The development of monitoring system is carried out, which is the control and measuring tool and an effective way of organizing the educational process. Keywords: control and evaluation in music education, professional competence, musical-theoretical disciplines, monitoring | 717 | |||||
520 | The article presents the analysis of tendencies of market development of information and communication technologies, the features of its formation in the regions. Formulates approaches to the design of training content, ensuring the formation of special professional competencies of the specialists in programming tailored to the needs of employers. Shows the innovative nature of the professional tasks of IT professionals and the necessity of strengthening the creative component of the educational activities in their preparation. Formulates the requirements to the programming language included in the educational program and justifies the choice for areas of training in the field of information technology. Gives recommendations on the formation of educational content, providing creative training to the solution of problems of algorithmization and architecting software. Shows the structure and basic didactic units of the informational component of training of IT specialists. The results of these studies can be used to improve the quality of educational activities in higher education and support organization training of specialists in the field of programming, as well as to stimulate creative activity of students. Keywords: creative activities, learning content, language of programming, algorithmization, software architecture | 715 | |||||
521 | The author considers in the article the possibility of forming universal educational actions for children of primary school age in the process of solving design problems in school conditions. The federal state educational standard of primary general education highlights universal learning activities as an important educational outcome. Universal actions can develop in different types of vigorous activity, in particular, in project activities. The author compared the goal, result, content, way of interaction and the role of the teacher in project activities and in solving design problems. It is concluded that the project task is an important component of the project activity, its initial stage. The process of solving design problems in elementary school ensures the gradual mastering by younger schoolchildren of a new type of activity for them – project activities. Primary school students form design skills that are of a universal nature. Project and universal skills have a common content, therefore, when solving project problems, different groups of universal learning actions are formed: communicative, regulatory, and cognitive. Project tasks are implemented with children of primary school age in group collaboration under the guidance of a teacher. The set of tools specially prepared by the teacher are important. These tools allow you to create a game or life problem situation, solving which children apply subject knowledge and universal skills. A similar experience in solving design problems was put into practice in the Rassvet Primary School, Tomsk Region. Keywords: project activity, project task, universal learning activities, children of primary school age | 715 | |||||
522 | Recently, the problem of studying the socio-pedagogical adaptation of the individual has become very relevant. The meaning of this term, at first glance, seems quite obvious and understandable. But, in different sources this concept very often denotes different phenomena, which leads to a misunderstanding of each other by specialists whose research is actually aimed at the same thing. In our opinion, having examined the main approaches to the concept of “adaptation” as a whole, having studied the structure, criteria, mechanisms and features of this process, we can overcome these differences. Based on this, the article considers a number of approaches to the study of adaptation. Attention is paid to the works of famous scientists who are considering the studied concept at different functional levels. J. Piaget, G. Selye, and others studied the physiological approach. The psychological approach was reflected in the works of B. F. Berezin, N. F. Naumov, I. M. Popov, V. I. Lebedev, and many others. etc. And as part of the consideration of the most significant social level, we single out the studies of A. B. Georgievsky A. B. and V. P. Petlenko, M. Weber, T. Parson and M. Romm. Particular attention is paid to a systematic analysis of this problem (A. G. Maklakov, A. A. Rean, A. Nalchajyan, etc.), the phenomenon of personality socialization is considered (D. Dollard, Walter, T. Shibutani, O. I. Zotova, I. K. Kryazheva). As a result of the study, a structure of socio-pedagogical adaptation is proposed, based on the personality model of B. D. Parygin, consisting of three interconnected and detailed levels. Keywords: adaptation, personality, socio-psychological adaptation, socio-pedagogical adaptation, system analysis, physiological approach, psychological approach, social approach, personality model | 715 | |||||
523 | The axiosphere of bachelors of social work relates to a notion “system of vocational valuable orientations”, however, it is more stable, individualized and peremptory. It performs a regulatory function in the implementation of professional activity, which is reflected in the preferences of those or other significant professional knowledge, technologies, tools, resources, communication strategies. Values of health are treated as invariant of axiosphere of social worker, which provides professional internalization of other important values, and the implementation of the humanistic potential of the profession. The valuable content of the category “health” is performed on the meta, micro and meso level of classification the values of social work. 4th year students studying in the direction “social work”, tend to underestimate the importance of health in the context of professional activities. After studying the module of health-saving directivity, different views of health in its value dimension for the students became more significant, that was observed at ranging of the professional values and the definition of priorities of social problems. The associative array to the notion “health” was expanded to include various semantic groups, the level of professional responsibility for the formation of a healthy way of life of the population has increased, the strong interrelationship of phenomena of health and social well-being emerged. Consequently, the training program for bachelors of social sphere should include disciplines, which actualize the professional value of health. Keywords: health, value, axiosphere, healthy lifestyle, preparation of bachelors of social work | 714 | |||||
524 | At present, the education of schoolchildren has not solved a number of problems posed by the federal state educational standard. One of these problems is the inability of many young people today to work with information. To solve this problem, the standard provides for teaching of schoolchildren to semantic reading and work with text. In order for students to learn how to study independently and organize their lives, it is necessary to use information, which develops through semantic reading (SC). Currently, this is taught in the subjects of the humanities cycle, mainly in literature. Not all teachers understand the meaning of the midrange, the importance of developing the action of the midrange. Many people lack techniques to motivate them to master it successfully. The author analyzes the meaning of the concept of sematic reading, it is proposed to organize problem cognitive activity in preparation for semantic reading of elementary school students through the ability to ask questions. Then use this skill in the problematic organization of activities with students of the basic school when teaching how to work with text, in detail – text structuring, and then apply it in high school when using reflective reading. The proposed methods of organizing work with students on the gradual mastering of semantic reading give successful results. Keywords: the ability to study independently, the ability to work with information, the concept of semantic reading, ways of developing an action, problem cognitive activity in formation | 714 | |||||
525 | The article discusses the training for bachelors. This training can be carried out on the basis of the linguocultural training model. The author defines theoretical and methodological approaches, principles and components of this model. The article presents the information on the blocks and components of linguocultural proficiency building at a higher educational establishment. For the modern development of education, the main determinant is the transition from an educational paradigm of education to a cultural one. As a result, there is a demand that pedagogical activity must conform to the characteristics of a modern multicultural society. In addition, it is necessary to take into account specific features of different cultures and cultural tolerance in the model of modern pedagogical education. The materials of the Recommendations of the Council of Europe Committee of Ministers call for the development of a variety of languages and cultures, the prevention of mutual misunderstanding and language barriers in intercultural communication and the adoption of a broad cooperation dialogue as a priority. The legal and regulatory framework of the Russian education also reflects the modern requirements of society and defines the tasks that should be addressed in the systems of education and vocational and pedagogical training in the language sphere. For future teachers, one of the main aims of the training is to develop their ability to participate effectively in vocational guidance intercultural communication. Future teachers should teach such communication effectively. This model is a condition to create an internal driver of internationalization in a higher educational establishment because it is a linguocultural environment. Keywords: linguocultural training, linguocultural proficiency, the building of linguocultural proficiency, the model of linguocultural proficiency building for bachelors, internationalization of educational activity | 713 | |||||
526 | Within the framework of the regular “Winter School of Teachers”, organized by Yurait Publishing House in late January 2020 and held in the webinar mode, the main trends in higher education were discussed, more than thirty reports were presented on the most relevant topics: continuous learning, SoftSkills, creative thinking in solving tasks (trend – universal skills and competences in the fourth industrial revolution); elimination of digital inequality, total digital literacy, digital transformation of the consciousness of educators (the trend is the digital educational environment); new pedagogical roles (tutoring, pedagogical design, etc.), the transition to project-based education with a focus on interdisciplinarity, the transformation of the academic space, the changing role of libraries (the trend is mass personalized learning (student-centered); qualitatively new digital educational and methodological complexes, content sources: open resources, EBS, MOOC, educational platforms, digitalization of educational heritage (the trend is digital educational and methodological complexes); adaptive training and assessment, portfolio of achievements, transformation of goals and testing methods (trend – evaluation of educational achievements); voice assistants and chat bots, adaptive selection of training materials, AR, MR, VR and panoramic video, gaming computer practices (trend – artificial intelligence and VR technologies in education); projecting, data protection (trend – information security); pedagogical research using Big Date, psychometrics and digital footprints, ratings of digital information as a new reality (trend – research and data analytics). As part of this review, we dwell on individual trends, topics and reports Keywords: trend, education, universal competencies, skills, digital educational environment, mass personalized training, digital educational and methodological complexes, digital ecosystem, tutoring | 711 | |||||
527 | The author considers the issue of the implementation of the continuity of preschool and primary education. Continuity is understood as the interaction between different levels of education. This interaction provides the development of children, enriching their knowledge and experience. It is based on taking into account the specifics of age, the leading type of activity, on the use of appropriate, effective for each situation means, methods, forms of pedagogical activity. The continuity of methods and means is aimed at establishing a smooth phased formation of the child’s learning activities and moving him from one educational level to another. The author analyzes the standards of preschool and primary general education from the perspective of the implementation of continuity. The analysis showed similarities in goals, in a theoretical and methodological basis (system-activity approach), in the structure, which allows us to determine the consistency of the content and methods of its implementation at the levels of preschool and primary education. An important mechanism of continuity is the search for cross-cutting, that is, relevant for different levels of education, technologies and methods. This requirement meets the project, which the author presents as an integrative activity, combining game, research, creative activities. The researcher presents the special results of the implementation of project activities in each age group and their relationship. Keywords: continuity of preschool and primary education, design activities of preschool children, design activities of primary school children | 710 | |||||
528 | The article deals with the question of interaction of the project technology and the development of foreign language communicative competence as an important factor of training specialists in various areas. In the modern interpretation of its functions a foreign language is considered as an instrument of cross cultural communication as well as a tool for international professional development and carrier growth of specialists. The main problem in the study of foreign languages is still a technique of its teaching. European standards prefer a student-centered approach involving the formation of communicative competence with the linguistic, discursive and social-cultural components. The project work in English language teaching promotes its implementation. The project method involves the use of a wide range of problematic, research and search methods focusing on a real practical result that is meaningful to students. This educational technology has a number of benefits including purposeful language use and increased student involvement and responsibility, add extra motivation for learners, let to use their language skills in a new and challenging way. The article considers the conditions of project work organization with students of a technical university. The advantages of using project technology in the context of new educational standards are discussed. The examples of a few concrete project applications are offered. Keywords: project technology, competence approach, educational standards, foreign language training at technical university | 707 | |||||
529 | The article deals with the problems of implementation of formative assessment in secondary educational institutions and proposes their solution. Formative assessment is able to solve the problems facing the assessment system focusing on the quality of process of students learning outcomes and acquiring skills for “lifelong learning”. Formative assessment has been implemented slowly and inefficiently for more than a decade. Identifying and analyzing the reasons for the difficulties of implementation and finding the ways to overcome them is the aim of this research and determines the relevance of the theme. Theoretical and practical methods of research were used to achieve this aim. A large number of difficulties have been revealed. Some of which have been indicated by teachers participating in the program. The obtained data allow us to divide all mentioned problems into 3 levels depending on the possibilities of their solutions. It is noted that teachers solve them at the first level “classroom” but without the support at the “school” and “out-of-school” levels the process of formative assessment is discrete, fragmented or even impossible. Introductory training workshops at the “workplace” have been developed and proposed to conduct as the first step in the program of implementation of formative assessment in the educational process. The seminars (workshops) are divided into theoretical and practical parts; questions for discussion and duration of conducting vary depending on the preparedness of the audience. At the end of the workshops, teachers have initial necessary knowledge to start practical activities of formative assessment. The author emphasizes the necessity to introduce sections (or to expand them) about this type of assessment at teacher training courses and in programs of discipline about teaching methods to build a system of training teachers who own a new philosophy of assessment. Keywords: formative assessment, difficulties of implementation, teacher training, levels of problem solving, training workshop | 706 | |||||
530 | This article describes the positive experience of the implementation of the regional career guidance event “Career Days at TSPU” (hereinafter referred to as the Event or Career Days at TSPU), which is one of the forms of promoting professional self-determination and employment of students of Tomsk State Pedagogical University. The key idea of this Event is to create a platform for meetings of employers and young specialists – graduates of TSPU and receive the latter, in the process of direct communication, specific information that motivates the development of a professional (pedagogical) trajectory. The paper describes the stages of the “Career Days in TSPU”, which were developed taking into account the understanding of employment as a process of finding suitable work, preparing for it and applying for this work: the first stage is the practical training “Resume Writing”; the second – inter-faculty events “Professional Navigator”; the third – meetings of senior students with the heads of municipal education authorities of the Tomsk region; the fourth stage is an open general university event “Fair of Pedagogical Vacancies”. The article also presents the principles of implementation (multi-entity, regionality, activity, individualization) and a key mechanism for implementing the Event, which is the interaction between the employment assistance department of the TSPU and the career guidance council, which includes representatives from all faculties of the university. The organizational, regulatory, methodical, informational, and staffing support for “Career Days at TSPU” is carried out by the administrative interaction of these structures. The article completed the presentation of the results of the implementation of the “Career Days in TSPU” for the 2017–2018 academic year, which is based on the opinions of the participating students. Keywords: career-oriented event, professional self-determination, employment | 705 | |||||
531 | Currently, in the context of the Fourth Industrial Revolution, the information society and the digitalization of the economy, the importance of comprehensive training of a motivated applicant, capable of not only successfully passing the entrance tests, but also ready to study in the educational process of a modern technical university, is growing. Various ways of building the readiness of future students to study at technical universities demonstrate the new organizational structures of the pre-university, whose activities are aimed at career guidance and the implementation of educational programs of pre-university training (specialized engineering classes, preparatory courses, etc.). The article substantiates the features of preuniversaries, the mechanisms of their creation and functioning. In modern conditions, a pre-university acts as a system of selection, accompaniment and preparation of motivated students for university entrance, widely using not only subject preparation, but also developing research work of schoolchildren, creating conditions for immersing students in the culture, educational and creative space of the university during the period of schooling; an important feature of these models is the close interaction of educational organizations of general and higher education, the wide involvement of partners and employers in this work. The scientific novelty of the study lies in the substantiation of certain characteristics of the activities of pre-university students and similar innovative educational structures for working with applicants on the basis of universities, including: a) the creation of a system of specialized training for high school students with the optimization of the implementation of educational programs towards educational institutions of higher education while maintaining the traditional forms of pre-university preparatory courses; b) the organization and support of the process of psychological, intellectual, cultural preparation of a future student for studying at a university through various forms of participation in systemic educational and educational work of pre-university students and similar models; c) ensuring early vocational guidance and profiling of students in order to support the determination of the choice of further educational paths before moving to graduation class, etc. The theoretical significance of the work is associated with the study of various preuniversity models in modern higher education institutions, the identification and description of key aspects of the activity of these structures and models. Keywords: pre-university, vocational guidance, pre-university preparation, the process of admission to the university, work with applicants | 704 | |||||
532 | The studies of domestic authors that are available in modern scientific literature are presented, which provide an opportunity to summarize at a theoretical and methodological level the conceptual provisions related to the construction of psychological support. It is emphasized that psychological support is realized in order to ensure the psychological development of a personality in modern society, prevent the development of negative tendencies, and overcome the difficulties of personal growth. It is argued that the introduction of personality-oriented innovation technologies into the educational space is complicated by the rigid attachment of teachers to the historically established forms of organization of the educational process, the inability of educational systems to design and control the formation of the learner’s creatively oriented and self-developing personality. The genesis and phenomenology of psychological support of the subjects of the educational space is analyzed. Target reference points of the project activity of the psychologist for its direct implementation are highlighted. The models of the scientific and methodological management of the educational process, first aid, escort and personality development have been identified and characterized. The essential characteristics and mechanisms of psychological support are described as a basic trend that assists the personal and professional development of students. Keywords: personal developmental education, psychological support, professional development, self-development, existential problems | 699 | |||||
533 | The assessment of the general competencies formation has a special place in the monitoring of the quality of student’s professional training. This article describes various approaches used in both domestic and foreign literature to define the concept of common competencies. On the basis of their analysis, the authors understand that general competencies are the student’s personal qualities necessary to perform various types of professional activity. The problem of creating an integrated assessment system for general competencies is one of the most difficult problems in theory and practice of education. The purpose of the assessment activity is to determine the degree of compliance of knowledge and skills with those planned for the student. Many researchers think that determining the degree of conformity of knowledge and skills previously planned is the goal of education. The authors propose complementing this goal with the development of students’ self-esteem and their motivation for success. Knowledge, skills, and abilities are transformed into intermediate learning outcomes and become a means of achieving the goal gradually. The authors studied the experience of other researchers assessing general competencies and they concluded that all functional components of competencies are not always taken into account. The motivational, cognitive and activity components of competencies were identified by modern specialists. General competencies are also formulated as the final result of professional education that met federal state educational standards. It is difficult to apply them as specific intermediate results during the course of training. The authors propose a system for assessing general competencies in the course of general education. There is a need to create a specific table of general competencies, where each competence is divided into smaller competences, according to this system. There is also a need to develop a ratio matrix of the academic general education cycle disciplines and formed competences. Teachers determine the means of assessment for each learning outcome. For them, it is necessary to develop a system of rating scales and criteria with assessment indicators. These funds are used with a point-rating system for evaluating students’ activities, the results of which indicate the formation of the activity component of competencies. The authors selected suitable diagnostic tools in the form of psychological tests and questionnaires for assessing the personal qualities of the student, necessary for the formation of a particular general competence. Two complex interdisciplinary tests in mathematics, natural science, and humanities are used to assess the level of formation the cognitive component of competencies. They contain assignments to identify students’ skills, abilities, and ways of activity that ensure the successful development of general competencies. Keywords: general competencies, competency assessment, educational result, pointrating system, table specifying, competence components | 699 | |||||
534 | The role of the curator’s institute in technical universities in the development of students’ social-personal and general cultural competencies is noted. The existing difficulties in the organization and implementation of curatorial activities are highlighted. It should be noted that the activities of curators of academic groups at a technical university need a greater degree of organizational and methodological support at the levels of objectives, content, organization and activity. Organizational and methodological support for the activities of curators of academic groups is defined as a systematically organized complex that includes the means, types and forms of support for curatorial activities. It is aimed at increasing the effectiveness of the activities of the curators of academic groups. Also aimed at the professional and personal growth of curators and students. A model of organizational and methodological support for the activities of curators of academic groups in a modern technical university has been developed and substantiated. The components of the model are determined: target, content-organizational, activity-oriented and effective. A significant task of the study was to conduct experimental work on the implementation of a model of organizational and methodological support for the activities of curators of academic groups in a modern technical university. According to the results of the experimental work carried out on the implementation of the model in a modern technical university, it was established that the developed and implemented structural and informative components of the model make it possible to achieve the goal of improving the performance of curators of academic groups. Accordingly, they can be successfully used in a modern technical university. The study confirms the effectiveness of the developed model of organizational and methodological support for the activities of curators of academic groups in a modern technical university. Keywords: education, curator’s institute, curator of an academic group, model, curator activity, support and curator activity support | 697 | |||||
535 | Fundamental importance for the development of thinking of a teenager, his intellectual education has the formation of concepts. Organization of training aimed at taking into account the laws of the process of formation of conceptual thinking is relevant in the methods of teaching natural sciences. Knowledge at the conceptual level is the knowledge of some sets of features of the concept (identification of features of the concept; establishment of the presence or absence of a certain feature in a given mathematical object; construction of objects with these features, etc.). The nature of each individual concept implies the existence of a certain system of concepts, beyond which it can not exist. Formation of the concept includes the construction of the content of education, aimed at establishing links between concepts. Establishment of a variety of relationships between concepts is especially important in the study of such a fundamental concept of mathematics as “function”, as this concept helps to identify the mutual connection and conditionality of different phenomena. Investigations show that this role of the concept of function is not always realized. Therefore, we need special educational texts that would create conditions for establishing links between concepts at each of the phases of the process of formation of the concept of “function”: motivation, categorization, enrichment, links. The motivation phase is “text – establishment of inter-subject relations”, motivating the search for a new concept that would allow to combine externally dissimilar, different situations, to find approaches to their study. Phase categorization – “text – encoding information, text – establishment of generic-specific relations, text - focus-example”, “text – relationships-mapping, analogy.” The phase of enrichment “text – establishing interdisciplinary connections, text –signs, concepts, text – systematization of concepts.” Transfer phase - “text – intra-subject links”, “text – concept application”. The knowledge of the typology of educational texts, contributing to the establishment of links between concepts in the study of “functions”, creates conditions for improving the quality of the study of this concept, for the formation of universal educational actions of various blocks. Keywords: teaching text, function, phases of concept formation, genus-species relations, classification, operation of the recognitions, inter-subject links between concepts | 696 | |||||
536 | The article provides an analysis of the state of physical and mathematical training (PhMТ) of graduates of educational organizations, which indicates its low level and the need to establish mechanisms to improve the level of PhMТ, which is a prerequisite for improving the professional competence of young professionals. One of the primary aspects of PhMТ of students of professional educational organizations is the training of future college teachers of physical and mathematical disciplines at the stage of their training in a pedagogical university. The possible ways of their solution are indicated: clarification of the regulatory framework for the training of future teachers of physical and mathematical disciplines, taking into account World- Skills (WS) standards; study of the professional environment and professional competencies of their future students by students of pedagogical universities; comparing of WorldSkills competencies with physical and mathematical knowledge corresponding to these competencies; WS championships for future teachers. Taking into account the competencies of secondary school graduates in accordance with the professional standards of Federal State Educational Standards of Secondary Vocational Education (FSES SVE) top-50 subject to requirements of the international WS competitions in training future teachers for the secondary vocational education system, which makes it possible in principle to make the FSES 3++ training in the pedagogical areas of the higher education system professional competence of the teacher, is the key to the successful development of a modern high-tech economy and world leadership of Russia as a whole. Keywords: physical and mathematical training, students of a pedagogical university, secondary professional education, college, modernization of education, WorldSkills | 696 | |||||
537 | The analysis of the concept of «extracurricular activities» in school education is given, its features are characterized. The concept of «extracurricular activities in chemistry» is given, its purpose and specific feature at the senior level of education in a modern school are highlighted. The necessity of carrying out chemistry projects is substantiated, and one of the relevant areas is proposed: design activities of schoolchildren in modeling the structure of substances. The HyperChem software package, which is used to solve the problems of quantum-mechanical modeling of atomic and molecular structures, is described, which allows performing complex computational problems in chemistry in a short period of time. The methodology of work of schoolchildren with the HyperChem software package is described. The characteristic of individual chemistry projects is given, the stages of their implementation are given. An example of the construction by schoolchildren of the molecular structures of chlorides of elements of group 15 of the periodic system and their optimization by the semiempirical PM3 method, which includes only valence electrons in the calculation, is shown. Correlation dependences of the experimental and calculated bond lengths and bond angles, correlation equations, correlation coefficients (R), and standard deviation (SD) are presented. The results of evaluating completed projects on the basis of developed criteria, assessment scales and student performance on completed projects are presented. Questions were developed for questioning students in order to determine their attitude to the GaussView program. Keywords: extracurricular activities in chemistry, project activities, stages of the project, project evaluation, computer simulation, quantum-chemical calculations | 696 | |||||
538 | The relevance of the study is due to the fact that early identification of the child’s psychological characteristics and unfavorable situations of upbringing in the family could contribute to the correction of his asocial behavior, primarily by creating conditions for subject-subject interaction between parents and children, necessary for the formation of a full-fledged personality. The purpose of our study is to study the attitude of parents to psychological training as a condition of subjectsubject interaction, and a way to prevent asocial behavior of adolescents. In the study, first of all, the conditions of subject-subject interaction, such as a set of cognitive, active and experimental role-playing games, were determined and practically confirmed. The conditions should be based on humanistic ideas and aimed at developing the child’s own activity with the help of parents, in the mode of subject interaction. Also, in the system of prevention of asocial behavior of adolescents, the leading role of parents through subject-subject interaction is determined. The article analyzes the essence and content of prevention of asocial behavior of adolescents from the position of subject-subject interaction with parents. The concept of prevention of asocial behavior of adolescents by subject-subject interaction of parents and children was proposed. The analysis of the results of the empirical work allowed us to state the dynamics of value-trust interaction in the family, and the implementation of a set of training exercises, through subjectsubject interaction, ensured the effectiveness of prevention of asocial behavior of adolescents. The results of the study can be used by social educators, psychologists, and subject teachers, teachers of pedagogical universities in order to improve the process of subject-subject interaction between parents and children in the prevention of asocial behavior of adolescents. Keywords: prevention, asocial behavior, adolescents, parents, subject-subject interaction, training | 695 | |||||
539 | True development of personality is associated with the departure from adaptability as an adaptation in an externally determined reality to the preadaptive nature of activity. Preadaptive allows shaping properties of the individual that facilitates the passage of crisis situations. The preadaptive strategy for the building of meanings of life activity is based on the desire for selftranscendence as a way to go beyond the boundaries of what a person has mastered in order to find and realize his true purpose. For real personal growth, the prospect of further development is necessary , which means a transition from self-actualization to self-transcendence, which allows you to interact with the extra-positive reality on the basis of the highest meaning plans of human existence in the world. The purpose of the article is to identify the features of selftranscendence, which is the basis of the preadaptive strategy of meaning building. Analysis of such features of self-transcendence as: the ability to overcome the experience of the finiteness of his existence; the experience of insight; initiating the activity of a socially significant act; the preservation of subjectivity; the ability to positively undergo existential crises; a tolerance for ambiguity; creativity; responsibility in search for his own destiny. The results obtained allow us to formulate a definition of a preadaptive meaning-forming strategy. Keywords: meaning, meaning sphere, preadaptivity, creativity, self-transcendence, meaning-building strategy | 695 | |||||
540 | The results of empirical identification of indicators-markers of polar meaning-building strategies are considered. For the initial modeling of meaning regulation processes, two polar strategies of personal meanings formation are proposed: adaptive and developmental. Personal meanings are in mutual accordance with the properties of personality, manifested in the interactions of different orders. For the empirical description of these strategies, a special semantic differential – nine bipolar scales of personal properties – was developed. These scales are used in words denoting the relevant properties of the individual speakers and indicators of meaning. To establish markers indicating these polar strategies, an empirical study (n = 145) was conducted using a battery of tests, which included: a developed private semantic differential, the test “Life orientations” by D. A. Leontiev, the test of M. Kuhn “Who Am I?”, G. Gardner’s multiple intelligence test, S. Rosenzweig’s frustration tolerance test, I. A. Stetsenko’s personality reflection test questionnaire. It is revealed that a stable positive statistically significant correlation (p ≤ 0.05) is observed only for the indicators of the nine developed scales of the particular semantic differential and the indicator “meaningfulness of life” of the test “Life orientations” by D. A. Leontiev. This indicator may be used as a marker of polar strategies of meaning-building. Keywords: meaning system, strategy of meaning-building, property of personal, semantic scale | 693 | |||||
541 | The results of a scientific and pedagogical analysis of the current state of non-formal education as an andragogical practice are presented. The features of the informal professional community activities in the context of using its opportunities for the teachers’ professional development are shown. Scientifically based ideas about the typology of informal professional communities, the patterns of their functioning are given. The expediency of integrating the practices of non-formal teachers’ education and their master’s training is substantiated. The methods of such integration at the target and organizational-methodological levels are indicated. The experience of Tomsk State Pedagogical University FSBEI HE (TSPU) on the design of modular basic educational programs for master’s training in pedagogical orientation on the basis of FSES HE 3 ++ is summarized through the combination of state educational standards and professional standards. An expert author’s vision of ways to realize the educational potential of the interaction of subjects included in the practice of non-formal teachers’ professional communities, graduate students and the teaching community of the pedagogical university is proposed. The results of research as well as scientific and methodological work of TSPU specialists on updating approaches to the construction of the content and organizational-activity formats of master’s training are indicated. The materials of the article are prepared on the basis of such research methods as theoretical analysis, survey, expert method. Keywords: andragogical practice, non-formal education, informal teachers’ professional communities, master’s training of teachers, integration, educational potential for integrating of educational practices | 693 | |||||
542 | The article raises the problem of the readiness of teachers of preschool educational organizations to work on the new Federal State Educational Standard, which pays great attention to the organization of the joint educational activities of a teacher with children. The results of two questionnaire surveys of kindergarten teachers are given, in the course of which it was found out, firstly, the level of the involvement of teachers in the development of educational programs, secondly, their understanding of the results of preschool education, and thirdly, the identification of priority areas for the development of a preschool child. It was found that the majority of teachers take an executive position in relation to educational programs, they are focused not on the personal development of children, but on the formation of their knowledge, skills, teachers underestimate the value of the game and research activities for children’s development. Real educational situations of the organization of the teacher’s joint activities with children are described, illustrating that teachers do not always understand how to make a child an active participant in interacting with an adult and how to get away from the total use of the authoritarian model of joint activity towards leadership and partnership. It is concluded that there is a relationship between the level of the methodological support in the kindergarten, including the position of the senior educator, and the ability of the teacher to organize educational situations of reversed and open joint action with children. Keywords: educational program, joint educational activity, open joint action, educational situation, preschool education | 693 | |||||
543 | Social and communicative competence of a person is the most important feature of every individual in the modern world. The improvement of this quality formed the basis for the formation of innovative ideas, advanced technologies, modern theories, and neo-methods. Social and communicative competence of a person is an integral ability of an individual to build correct, rational, effective, successful formation of contacts with other people, and is also included in the concept of “human culture”. In the modern world, the purpose of the development of this ability is not so much the replacement of “natural” experience with another, more effective one, but also the organization, more precisely, assistance in selforganization of more effective ways of mastering the wealth of communicative culture. The article reveals the essence of the social and communicative competence of a person, its components, levels of development; characteristic features of people with this communication skill are indicated. The development of a person’s social and communicative competence is carried out using various methods and technologies; the study presents the methods of its formation. The theoretical significance of the study is determined by the identification of new problems of inhibition of the development of social and communicative competence of the individual. The practical significance of the article is due to the possibility of using new methods for the development of this quality. Keywords: personality, communicative competence, behavior, culture, social role, morality | 693 | |||||
544 | The article deals with the issue of using project technologies in the process of training teachers in the system of secondary vocational education. Contemporary scientific achievements permit us to modernize project technologies significantly compared to the beginning of the last century and to enhance their relevance for the training of future teachers. It is necessary that these technologies should be used according to the contemporary requirements of the state and society to the pre-school and primary school teachers. Based on these requirements, using project technologies is aimed to overcome passivity of future teachers in their education which determines further results of their professional activity, to increase future teachers’ motivation to use new technologies for improving the quality of education at the pre-school and primary levels. It also helps to improve the quality of future teachers’ educational content in terms of patriotic education of the primary school and preschool children. The article presents the concepts of “vocational training”, “project”, “projectbased learning”, “project technologies”. It reveals the importance of project technologies as the specific universal tool affecting directly both content and organization of future teachers’ training and providing its effectiveness. This approach draws the attention of the scientific and pedagogical community to the importance of using project technologies in terms of their core resources. The article presents the justification of the project technologies resources (activity orientated, productive, research, social and others) for their most effective use in the educational content. For illustrative purposes the author provides the description of the project made by future teachers for the pre-school children’s patriotic education. Keywords: project technologies, project-based learning, project, resources, patriotic education | 691 | |||||
545 | Differences in the mathematical abilities of different students are manifested in the fact that the same practice and exercises for students with different abilities give different results. For a capable student, these exercises lead to the mastery of mathematical knowledge and skills, for an incapable student do not. The reason for the inability to mathematics is the lack of working memory. There are two main approaches to solve the problem of teaching mathematics to incapable students: (1) training working memory and (2) reducing the load on working memory in the educational process. The results of the first approach are ambiguous: training working memory leads to an improvement in the performance of untrained tests for working memory, but it may not lead to noticeable changes in learning indicators associated with the working memory of the student. Accordingly, it remains to reduce the load on working memory in the educational process. Well known methods that reduce the load on working memory when studying mathematics are described. Automation of basic computing skills (arithmetic, trigonometric, geometric) is achieved with the help of computer trainers developed by the author: the mental calculations trainer, the trainer for developing skills in working with a trigonometric circle, the trainer for developing skills of using reduction formulas and the rectangular triangle solving trainer. The technique of working with trainers is based on the interval repetition method. Empirical data on the results of their implementation are presented. Keywords: mathematical abilities, teaching mathematics, working memory, computer trainer, interval repetition | 690 | |||||
546 | The article considers the problem of professional training of students in pedagogical areas from the point of view of using such a resource as Olympiads. The authors pay attention to the essential features of the subject and methodological Olympiads identified by Russian and foreign researchers. Among them, the authors define such as complexity, practical orientation, and personal significance for the student. The complexity includes theoretical, practical, and methodological material in the Olympiad tasks. The practice orientation focuses on developing specific forms of interaction with students, lesson notes. The personal significance for students is development of educational independence. Based on the results of the conducted research (online survey, analysis of student texts), conclusions are made about the need to hold. Conclusions are drawn about efficiency of the different types of Olympiads in the process of training future teachers. The researchers think that participation of students in the Olympiad takes on a new meaning in their professional training, acting not only as a means of evaluating the acquired knowledge, skills, but also as a resource for developing their subject-methodical competencies and educational actions. The article is of interest to teachers of colleges and higher educational institutions and also students of pedagogical specialties. Keywords: Olympiad, compatibility, educational independence, students, professional training | 690 | |||||
547 | The article deals with several basic problems of multicultural education which is a set of strategies and curriculum content and a site of struggle for the power to define the purposes and processes of education in a diverse and unequal world. The authors reveal the evolution of essential approaches in multicultural education due to which diverse students have the opportunity of growth and expansion in mainstream culture and the possibility to become proud of their cultural and language background and function well within their cultural communities. The authors analyze the disadvantages of lower level approaches and successful ways to stretch and complicate the meanings of contemporary multicultural education. The article presents a fundamental multicultural education principle of resting on dialog in which groups that have different power levels learn to listen and to collaborate, particularly around educational issues. As a field multicultural education offers many useful strategies and conceptual tools. The authors also characterize the challenges of multicultural education when the main goal of schools today is not a tolerant national citizen who is concerned for his or her complex democratic society but a cosmopolitan market actor who can compete effectively across state boundaries. Keywords: multicultural education, multiculturalism, cross cultural communication, ethnical and cultural identity, social and cultural space, educational strategies | 689 | |||||
548 | The conditions for reforming the system of training of highly qualified personnel are characterized by the growing need to process large amounts of information in professional activities. Against this background, the graduate of the training program of the highest qualification should be ready to independently identify problem areas for the purpose of individual or collective research and obtain new knowledge aimed at solving the tasks. It follows that the content of the training program should include the forms and types of future professional activity of the graduate. The undertaken research is aimed at identifying the means of information and communication technologies that can be centrally applied to ensure the educational process, in order to create the basic conditions that will allow to identify the right direction of the individual educational trajectory of the student during the development of the training program of the highest qualification. This article describes the identification of a specific sphere of centralized application of information and communication technologies in the design of information educational environment in the training of highly qualified personnel on the basis of theoretical and empirical analysis of educational process of training of teaching staff in graduate school. Keywords: information educational environment in the training of highly qualified personnel, design parameters, educational process in graduate school | 689 | |||||
549 | PERSONAL FACTORS OF TEACHERS’ SELF-REGULATION // Pedagogical Review. 2017. Issue 3 (17). P. 144-152 The analysis of literary data showed the relevance of the problem of the influence of various personal structures on the process of organizing and implementing an arbitrary human activity. Among the most important determinants of the formation of self-regulation, personal characteristics and structures of various orders are distinguished. Specificity of the activity of the pedagogical worker is such that the personal characteristics of the employee, along with his professional qualities, are one of the main tools for influencing the participants in the educational process and the factor that determines the effectiveness of professional activity. The ability to self-regulation of mental states are of particular importance in pedagogical work. The question of personal factors of self-regulation among pedagogical employees is considered. Provides a characteristic feature of the most important professional competence of a teacher, which is a conscious self-regulation of mental states and behavior, suggesting the study, the definition and development of the individual abilities, awareness of its resources. The results of the study of personality characteristics in their relationship with the individual style self-regulation are presented. In the context of our study, we formulated the assumption that successful professional activity of teachers is mediated individually – typological features of self-regulation of mental states. Multi-level personal factors of selfregulation of the subject of pedagogical activity are described. The differences in individual psychological characteristics with different levels of conscious self-regulation in the empirical group and representatives of nonsocionomy professions. The analysis of the factor structure of personal performance of teachers revealed the influence of the emotional and substantive aspects of the personality (irritability, balance, aggressiveness, emotional instability, anxiety reactions, acute stress conditions associated with the professional teaching activities) in the self-regulation of the teacher. The factor effect in subjects of non-national specialties is difficult to trace, because it is represented by a discrepancy between the structure of selfregulation and individual-typological properties, their contradictory relationships. The reasons for this discrepancy are due to weak correlations, professional differences, the specifics of socionic and non-social activities. Keywords: self-regulation factors, personality traits, emotional states, professional stress, anxiety, subject of pedagogical activity | 687 | |||||
550 | The difference in interpretations of definitions “sex”, “gender”, “sexdifferenceated”, “gendering” approaches, “traditional” and “egalitarian” directions in interaction of representatives of opposite gender is marked. The definition “gender” is observed as a model of social relationship between people of opposite sex, witch characterizes interactions in a family, personal interactions and social interactions in the basic institutions of society. There are not only physical differences between a man and a woman, a boy and a girl, not only socially fixed features of manhood and womanhood, but also equality in realization of everyday necessities and social roles without differentiation into “male” and “female”. The problem of university preparing of the future music teacher for gender education in the frame of school subject is identified. It is necessary in the process of analyzing of music images of classical and modern art to pay attention to pointing out gender potential of creations at the lessons of analyzing of music forms, at the music-pedagogical practicums on forming of the models of the pedagogical situations, as well as in the period of pedagogical practice at school. The example of the analyses of the music creations with the pupils shows the possibilities of the music lesson at school in the education of the culture of feelings of boys and girls, culture of their interaction in the format of joint learning. Keywords: sex, gender, boys, girls, egalitarian directions, music lesson, models of manhood, womanhood | 685 |