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651 | The education system faces the issues of online education and the effectiveness of career guidance programs in schools. The article deals with the problem of organizing pedagogical support for profession choice in the school digital educational environment. The author rises the question of theoretical understanding and modeling of the process of pedagogical support of professional choice by the digital educational environment resources. The author presents the 9-componet model and the logic of its construction. The model presents characteristics of each of the following components: the task, the environmental component, the subjective component, the methodological component, the motivational activity component, the diagnostic component, the results, the reflection as well as the specificity of the relationships between these components. The peculiarity of this model is the absence of a clear hierarchy changed for the interdependence of the components. This feature is characteristic of pedagogical models in the formation of a new concept of education. The author pays attention to the particularities of the usage of the approaches, principles and methods of the pedagogical support of the professional choice in the conditions of the digital educational environment. The author also considers the selection of the digital educational environment means to solve the problem of the pedagogical support of the schoolchildren’s professional choice. Keywords: pedagogical support, professional choice, digital educational environment | 578 | |||||
652 | Prognostic competence is necessary for future specialist’s professional stability and perspective. It is also necessary for his prognostic orientation in the education system ensuring its effective organization. In this work, we consider the structural and content characteristics of pedagogical magistracy student’s prognostic competence. The author formulated three components of competence: knowledge, activity and motivational-value. A criteria-based assessment has been developed for pedagogical magistracy student’s prognostic competence. It includes indicators and levels of prognostic competence formation, as well as diagnostic tools that allow to determine the effectiveness of pedagogic magistracy student’s prognostic competence formation. We provide a questionnaire to identify the level of cognitive component formation of magistracy student’s prognostic competence. This questionnaire shows the level of conceptual and categorical apparatus possession of scientific and pedagogical forecasting, terminology of the problem, knowledge of the methods and ways of forecasting in pedagogy, strength and completeness of theoretical knowledge assimilation in forecasting. It also shows the idea of modern forecasting methods in the educational system and the possibility of combining it with traditional methods, the use of their skills to predict their professional activities. The results of the study may be used by teachers that train future pedagogical specialists in higher educational institutions. Keywords: pedagogical magistracy, university education, forecasting, prognostic competence, structural and content characteristics | 576 | |||||
653 | The present psychosemantic study investigates visual perception of English iconic (imitative) words by Russian L2 learners. The Lexical decision task was conducted to collect the data. The participants (N = 106) were visually presented with three type of experimental stimuli: 32 iconic words divided into four groups according to their de-iconization stage (8 words per group), 32 non-iconic words and 32 non-words constructed according to English phonotactic rules. The pre-selection of iconic vocabulary into four groups was performed by the method of diachronic evaluation of the imitative lexicon. The linguistic status of iconic words was controlled for in the Oxford English Dictionary (OED), the 3d edition (section “Etimology”). The stimuli were presented visually in random order under a strict time limit. The parameter under investigation – the stage of de-iconization of an iconic word – refers to the degree of preservation of original iconic (according to Pierce) associative connection between form and meaning. De-iconization takes place under the influence of two system factors: regular phonetic changes (“distortion” of a word form) and semantic shifts (“expansion”, broadening of a word’s meaning). The findings of the study revealed that the participants need a different amount of time to recognize 1) iconic and non-iconic words, 2) iconic words at different stages of de-iconization. The least de-iconized words are characterized by slower recognition time and higher error rates than non-iconic words and highly de-iconized words, which makes them similar to non-words. It signifies a delay in cognitive recognition of these most “vivid” iconic words. Word recognition impairment may also be accounted for by the interference of the expressiveness parameter and by the semantic processing. It is assumed that the use of iconic words in language teaching contributes to vocabulary learning. This assumption is not fully supported by the empirical data of our study since deiconization is an important variable in psycholinguistic studies of this kind. The results of our research enable us to gain a better understanding of cognitive mechanisms of the perception of iconicity. Keywords: psycholinguistics, sound symbolism, iconicity, phonosemantics, English, Lexical decision, visual recognition of verbal stimuli | 575 | |||||
654 | The article deals with the problem of communication and speech interaction in the context of distance learning. The relevance of this issue is due to the need to pay attention to the key points in online communication, that directly affect the effectiveness of the educational process. In this regard, the pros and cons of interaction through the digital educational environment are analyzed. The main characteristics of the digital educational environment are defined, such as openness, multimodality, and interactivity. The study analyzes the factors that influence the effectiveness of the formation of communicative foreign language competence and its elements. The success of communication in the online learning process depends on external and internal factors. The problem of communication is investigated through the psychoemotional characteristics of students, difficulties associated with non-verbal signs of communication in the online environment are indicated. Therefore, we are studying the problem of students‘ concentration during online learning, which is key in this type of foreign language teaching. In addition, we give a number of recommendations for solving this problem. As a result, a detailed overview and characteristics of online services designed for the development of different types of speech activity of students: reading, speaking, writing, listening. These services allow you to eliminate the difficulties associated with speech interaction in a digital educational environment. Keywords: Russian as a foreign language, communicative competence, the digital learning environment, distance learning, interactivity, online service | 574 | |||||
655 | The problem of conceptual underdevelopment of the supervisory practice of tutor support is discussed. The reason for the absence of theoretical models of supervision is seen in the empirical outstripping of this practice in relation to the conceptual reflection of tutoring as a type of professional activity. As a possible theoretical model for the supervision of a tutor, a “tutor system” is proposed, similar to the psychotherapeutic supervision system, which includes 3 types of focus of attention: on a tutorant, a tutor, and the process of tutor support. The content of supervision is indicated, which is determined by each of these angles of attention. Behavioral patterns characterizing tutors and tutorants are described, the corresponding deficits of subjectivity and identity are identified. Deficiencies in educational and professional subjectivity, as well as diffuse educational and professional identity, are defined as criteria for identifying a “complex” supervisor and tutorant. The most important conditions for effective supervision of tutoring practice are called accurate recognition in the process of supervision of the limitations and shortcomings of the personal, activity and communicative plan, which are characteristic of a tutor and a tutorant, as well as the implementation of the fundamental idea of the activity approach about turning the concept of action into activity. Keywords: supervision of a tutor, “tutor system”, behavior patterns, deficiencies of subjectivity and identity, “difficult” clients | 574 | |||||
656 | The article describes the need for timely identification and qualitative analysis of the problems of distance learning, taking into account the preferences and interests of students and university teachers, consolidating their efforts to overcome difficulties and solve problems related to objective and subjective situations, the peculiarities of using distance learning technologies in the organization of the educational process at the university. In the current situation, burdened by the spread of a new coronavirus acute respiratory infection, which is caused by the coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 (2019-nCoV), the world education system (including higher education) is forced to turn to distance learning technologies. These technologies allow you to work remotely, maintaining the necessary distance, protecting the health of people (both students, teachers, and employees of higher educational institutions), excluding their close interaction during training, scientific research, in the admission campaign, in extracurricular work, etc. The authors describe the features of using the remote form of organizing training at the university so that it contributes to the maximum saving of students ‘ health, has a positive effect on their physical and mental state; minimizes the viral load in a difficult epidemiological situation; increases and develops digital literacy of students; “opens” new opportunities for remote work for the teaching staff. The article provides the data obtained in the study (survey) of the impact of the use of distance learning technologies on the health of the full-time and part-time students of the 1st – 5th year of studies of the area of training 44.03.05 Pedagogical education (with two training profiles) of the Institute of Psychology and Pedagogy Bunin Yelets State University. Keywords: higher education, educational process of technology of distance learning, the preservation of health, digital literacy | 573 | |||||
657 | Formation of economic competencies is the most important factor in the educational process in the specialty of “Economics”, profile “Finance and Credit”. The article discusses the problems of building competence in the collection and analysis of baseline data necessary for calculating economic and socio-economic indicators, which is associated with the lack of correlation between theoretical and practical blocks, as well as the effect of social stereotypes in society that determine the attitude to the economy as a science, which develops in a different plane than real life. We consider it necessary to use a systematic approach to the formation of the aforementioned competencies in the educational process, based on the progressive formation of knowledge that allows developing skills and forming skills brought to automatism. The given examples of tasks are actually used in the framework of teaching the discipline “Banking” in order to form economic competencies. The practical orientation of the tasks forms the ability to navigate in the economic situation and make decisions aimed at increasing income. In the recommendations on the organization of the educational process, emphasis is placed on the constant updating of information and economic indicators, since it is precisely during training in economic specialties that the relevance of information allows quite often to correlate your conclusions and arguments on the situation in the country, economic and banking sectors. Keywords: the formation of economic competencies, the importance of emphasis on the practical component in training, socio-economic indicators of development of economic entities | 572 | |||||
658 | The professional difficulties of teachers and the educational difficulties of primary schoolchildren, updated by the regime of total distance learning caused by the spread of COVID-19, are highlighted. The author concludes that regulatory and cognitive UUD are insufficiently formed in children, which entailed the educational helplessness of the child. The reason for this is the lack of focus on educators on the formation of the ability to learn and the relationship between subject and universal educational activities. The author discusses why distance learning cannot be the basic form in elementary school: the harmful effects on children’s health, the destruction of general cultural skills, technological risks, the destruction of living contacts with adults and other children. The author shows how the didactic scheme of the lesson and the professional functions of the teacher have changed: from intermediary to organizational and methodological. The main features of the online lesson and the typical mistakes of teachers during its conduct are highlighted. It is shown how it is possible to attract parents to the implementation of different models of interaction with the child in home schooling. The author predicts how the traditional lesson will change due to the teachers getting the experience of intensive distance learning in elementary school, which didactic and methodological aspects will become relevant. Keywords: distance learning, universal educational activities, lesson, elementary school (student), interaction | 571 | |||||
659 | The paper discusses some methodological aspects of teaching the course Theoretical Physics in pedagogical universities (bachelor degree). Theoretical physics describes the most general laws of nature and allows us to form a general idea of the world. In addition, the study of sections of theoretical physics contributes to the development of a research approach among students. This discipline is the basis of the theoretical training of the future teachers of physics. In this paper, we propose methods for adapting complex lecture material to the theoretical training of future physics teachers, using as an example one of the important modules of the course in theoretical physics Quantum Mechanics. This adaptation is relevant for students of pedagogical universities, since the theoretical foundations of quantum mechanics are not easily acquired knowledge for students, but they create a good intellectual base for future teachers. The paper offers examples of tasks for practical exercises aimed at clarifying the basic theoretical concepts and consolidating the knowledge gained in lectures. Tasks involve the use of quantum operators for the study of a quantum system, using the probabilistic approach. Students are invited to determine the normalization constant of the wave function, the average value of the coordinate, momentum and kinetic energy. The described approach will allow bachelor students at the initial stage of studying quantum mechanics to learn an algorithm for solving practical problems of the discipline under study and to arrive at quite concrete physical results from abstract formulas: determining the coordinate of a quantum object, its momentum or kinetic energy. Keywords: physical and mathematical sciences, theoretical physics, quantum mechanics, quantum states, wave functions, average values of physical quantities, operators of physical quantities, normalization of the wave function, teaching quantum mechanics, training f | 570 | |||||
660 | The development of students in the process of their preparation for professional activity is a significant factor. Among personal characteristics, values occupy a special place, since they largely determine the orientation of the person, behavior, relationships with other people, success and effectiveness of the activity. Interest in value research is growing today. This is due to the transition of society to an innovative path of development, the complexity of the tasks that arise in front of a person. Of particular relevance is the question of studying the values of young people, since the future of the country and society depends on them. In a study of students’ values by the method of R. Inglehart, it was found that among the criteria of “traditionality- survival” they have the predominant value of “survival”. Young people focus more on financial well-being, accumulation of resources, rejection of marginality and foreignness. They respect authoritarianism, adhere to the traditional distribution of gender roles. Among the parameters of the methodology “Refined Theory of Basic Personal Values”, the priority is “preservation” among students, where the main criteria are traditionality, power, security, conformism. In the second place, young people have the “openness” parameter, which is associated with independence, aspiration for novelty and deep emotions. It is important to note that the values “self-affirmation” and “self-determination”, which are opposite in Schwartz’s theory, have the same number of points. The inconsistency in the choice of values reflects the changes taking place in society, the transitivity of time, and is also due to the age of students associated with setting life goals in youth, the formation of worldview positions, and the realization that social standards and universal values are important in society. Keywords: values, personality, activity, competencies | 570 | |||||
661 | The article represents the results of the study of the relationship between life values and components of psychological time of students from Russia and Japan. In the course of globalization, there is a process of active exchange of cultural experience, which is supported by high dynamics and erosion of cultural values. That is why the study of subjective (psychological) time in relation to life values is becoming increasingly relevant. The purpose of the study is to identify and compare the specifics of the relationship between the components of psychological time and life values among students from Russia and Japan (N = 540). The results of the correlation analysis suggest a different structure of the relationship between psychological time and life values of Russian and Japanese students, which is most likely due to cultural characteristics. The results of the study confirm the strong relationship between the motivational and value sphere of the individual and psychological time, despite the globalization processes. The more expressed the desire of young people for something, the more the motivational and volitional sphere is formed (regardless of the specific focus of motives and values), the more positively balanced the time per-spective looks. On the contrary, the focus on past failures negatively affects the motivation of young people, actually blocking their desires and intentions (this is especially relevant for Russian students). Recommendations on the use of results in the educational process are given. Keywords: psychological time, time perception, time attitude, time perspective, polychronism, time as an economic value, Russia, Japan | 569 | |||||
662 | The article discusses the concept of linguistic and cultural competence and its role in modern intercultural communication. An overview of scientific literature on the problem of the development of linguistic and cultural competence is provided. A list of basic cultural units used for the development of the linguistic and cultural competence is presented as well. It is proposed to use Chinese idioms chengyu in order to develop students’ competence due to the fact that they contain information about the aesthetics, ethics, culture and history of the Chinese. The author also suggests employing mind mapping as it significantly facilitates the learning process due to an integrated, radiant, organized way of presentation. The article provides an example of a step-by-step analysis of a chengyu 万里无云 – wànlǐ wúyún – cloudless conducted in the Chinese language lesson (3rd year students, Chinese as a second foreign language). In addition, the article contains a list of 11 most frequently used idioms on the topic “Weather” which can be further used in Chinese language lessons. The main advantages of the method suggested in the article for the development of linguistic and cultural competence are outlined in the end of the article. It is concluded that the linguistic and cultural analysis of Chinese idioms chengyu along with mind-mapping can serve as a way to develop linguistic and cultural competence, as well as contribute to the development of both individual and collaborative research skills. Keywords: language and culture, intercultural competence, mind maps, Chinese idioms, distance learning | 569 | |||||
663 | The article deals with the process of changing the vector of state policy in the field of foreign language learning in the 30s of the XX century After the October Revolution, they stopped the study of a foreign language because they regarded it as a relic of the past, an antagonistic society with a pronounced and irreconcilable class inequality. However, in 1923, Nadezhda Konstantinovna Krupskaya denied the need to study Esperanto on a national scale in her article “Teaching Foreign Languages” and described the practical significance, main goal and priority method of teaching a foreign language and more than that her own position about the role of foreign languages, thereby laying the foundation for its study for many decades. The 1927 became a further important step in the history of teaching a foreign language in the country of the Soviets. The People’s Commissariat for Education of the RSFSR adopted a special decree on the study of a foreign language in all city schools of the second level, starting a large campaign “Foreign languages to the masses”. It considers a number of resolutions of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union from 1929 and 1932, aimed at strengthening the study of a foreign language in all city schools, technical schools and universities, and Factory Seven-Years. The article gives the reflections of public and political figures, teachers, publicists, philologists on the cultural potential of foreign languages. It shows the purpose of foreign language study in the 30s of the XX century. Keywords: foreign languages, culture, soviet education, the 30s of XX century | 569 | |||||
664 | The national technological development strategy adopted in our country has influenced all levels of education [1]. The focus on training personnel for the digital economy has led to the opening of new specialties in universities, which has affected the work of key structural divisions of these organizations. The organization of the educational process has changed, and the projects «digital educational environment» and «digital university» have been launched. Such changes have had an impact on the defining structure of any university - the work of the enrollment board. Most universities on a par with traditional methods actively use alternative methods, among which special attention is paid to the Internet. Social networks, forums, contextual advertising, email newsletters, and other means of communication are used to create a flow of visitors to educational organizations’ websites. Growing competition every year affects the appearance and shape of the entry point of a potential listener or entrant if earlier users got to the main section of the organization’s website, today they are special landing pages created according to all the rules of design and marketing. A separate role in organizing the recruitment of listeners via the Internet is played by the «relationship management system» – a database of applications and the ability to track the status of their processing by call center employees. This paper presents the experience of Tomsk universities in automating the work of the admissions Committee, shows the result of using landing pages for recruiting students for educational programs, as well as students for additional education programs. Keywords: landing page, entrant, enrollment board | 568 | |||||
665 | The purpose of this article is to consider the possibility of using the technology of step-bystep formation of mental actions in the process of teaching children the elements of research activity, as a means of developing the cognitive abilities of younger schoolchildren with mental retardation. The material of the study was a theoretical analysis of scientific and methodological literature on the topic of research: the theory of step-by-step formation of mental actions by P. Ya. Galperin; the provisions on the development of cognitive abilities of younger schoolchildren as a result of developing training by V. V. Davydov, A. V. Zaporozhets, L. V. Zankov, A. N. Leontiev; approaches to the development of cognitive abilities of children with mental retardation by N. V. Babkina, L. N. Blinova, A. D. Vilshanskaya, G. N. Penin, U. V. Ulenkova, L. M. Shipitsina. The theoretical analysis of the scientific and methodological literature suggests that the technology of step-by-step formation of mental actions can be effectively used to teach younger students with mental retardation the elements of research activity at different levels of independence and complexity, and thereby develop students’ cognitive abilities. The relevance of addressing the topic of the development of cognitive abilities in children with mental retardation (hereinafter referred to as PDA) is due to the fact that this category of children is one of the numerous groups represented in general education organizations that implement inclusive educational practice, since PDA can be observed in most categories of children with disabilities and is secondary in nature. Keywords: mental retardation, cognitive abilities, educational and cognitive activity, research activity, technology of step-by-step formation of mental actions, indicative basis of actions | 566 | |||||
666 | The facts testifying to the problems of modern education are given. One of the significant problems that many educators and teachers ascertain is a general decrease in motivation for education and, especially, in the study of school physics, which leads to shortcomings in the overall development of students. The drop in interest in physics among schoolchildren also affects the insufficient choice by graduates of schools of technical specialties in universities and the difficulties in studying subjects in universities, as noted by university teachers. The way out of this situation is to increase the motivation for the physics of schoolchildren from the very beginning of its study. As the study of questions of motivation to study the subject shows, it can appear only in activities that interest students, in most cases it is practical activity. Since the active inclusion of students in practical activities is currently hampered by a lack of time in the lessons, it is proposed to use students to perform home experiments to develop motivation for the subject – physics. The introduction of home experiments in grades 7-8 is based on the characteristics of adolescence, when students aspire to active independent or joint educational activities and this activity should be interesting and contribute to their success. Ways to increase motivation to study the subject based on home experiences are presented. Recommendations for teachers are formulated that contribute to effective results in terms of increasing motivation for the subject and obtaining additional and in-depth knowledge of students. Keywords: difficulties of modern education, motivation and cognitive interest in learning, the role of practice in teaching physics, home experiences as a means of developing motivation | 565 | |||||
667 | The problem of the preservation and development of the traditions of the system of mass musical education, created under the direction of D. B. Kabalevsky, is outlined. Its advantages are formulated and the need to support music and music-teacher education is updated in order to preserve the best traditions of the past and introduce innovative technologies, including using digital tools to stimulate the formation of the musical culture of modern students by means of interactive music making. Multidisciplinary is highlighted as the basic characteristic of the profession of a teacher-musician in Russian comprehensive school. Beside pedagogical training, a teacher-musician must play musical instrument, have expressive and clear choirconductor technique, be able to show vocal creations professionally in the sphere of school repertoire. Teacher-musician must have a profound background in the sphere of history and theory of music. Such a set of competencies of a music teacher is not formed by any country in the world. This versatility, on the one hand, creates difficulties in preparing a future teacher-musician, on the other hand, it makes it possible to be in demand on the labor market as a music teacher in a comprehensive school and music school, as a music director in a preschool institution, as a leader of a choir, and as a musician in the orchestra. Keywords: musical culture, musical-pedagogical education, interaction methods, digital devices | 564 | |||||
668 | A problem of the educational programs implementation in universities in the conditions of forced distance learning was a serious challenge to the academic environment. Great difficulties are caused by the education of students who have a significant number of hours of practical work in the curriculum, in particular those studying in the fields of Physical Education and Sports. The analysis, generalization and interpretation of the literary sources made it possible to identify the possibilities of applying modern technologies of professional development, and forming necessary competencies in the preparation of a bachelor. To adapt the lessons to the conditions of the electronic environment, the necessary algorithm of actions is given, from the features of the glossary development to the creation of the final digital discipline model. It is important to teach students to see the mistakes of students in the technique of movements, tactical errors, to identify their own mistakes in the teaching methods in order to work in the field of physical culture and sports. Therefore, to enhance cognitive activity, develop a culture of thinking of a teacher in physical education and sports, it is proposed to use the preparation of video projects (in the format of a television fitness program with classes and short videos) in practical exercises, taking into account the proposed stages of preparation, a monitoring and evaluation system. Keywords: modern educational technologies, undergraduate students, information and communication technologies, competencies, video project | 564 | |||||
669 | The article is devoted to the description of thanatological competence as mastering thanatological knowledge for making professional decisions in psychological practice and education. The relevance of the development of thanatological competence in the training of practical psychologists is due to the socio-cultural, professional and individual psychological aspects, which are amplified due to the coronavirus pandemic. The author provides information on the foreign experience of implementing programs to improve the thanatological competence of specialists in helping professions (doctors, psychologists, teachers), provides data on their effectiveness and difficulties in their implementation. Domestic experience is represented by educational disciplines only in some higher educational institutions and private thanatotherapy courses. At the same time, a number of studies reveal the relevance of the development of thanatological competence among future psychologists and a request to include this issue in the educational program, taking into account the coverage of the cognitive, activity and value-motivational component of thanatological issues. The main difficulties in the implementation of courses and disciplines of thanatological orientation are not only the ethical aspects of covering the issues of death in the educational program, but also the insufficient representation of research on death, dying and loss in domestic science. In conclusion, the author outlines the prospects for the implementation of the thanatopsychological direction in science, practice and educati on. Keywords: fear of death, thanatopsychology, attitude towards death, thanatological competence | 564 | |||||
670 | The article considers the problem of studying and development of educational independence of students in the context of educational activity in higher education institution. The most effective form of educational activity of students is the organizational and activity game Find problem and solution at the heart of which is the students’ search and solution of the problem situations presented in films. This game consists of several parts – preparatory, game and reflexive. During the game, each student performs a specific role – director, screenwriter, actor, which allows showing and developing various educational positions. Director controls the entire process, and is responsible for the entire result of the work. Screenwriter prepares the scenario of a solution. Actors play the scenario written by screenwriters. As a result of joint activities during the game students develop abilities to educational actions, understand their sense; to acquire teamwork skills with others; start showing initiative and a subject line item. The leading idea of a research is that students, being involved in joint activity during the game, seized various ways of the organization of educational activity, and then “transferred” these ways to their own independent activity. It allowed increasing their level of self-organization and motivation in the professional sphere. The article is of interest to teachers of higher education institutions and students of pedagogical specialties. Keywords: educational independence, organizational and activity game, joint activity, self-organization, students | 562 | |||||
671 | The issue of providing social and pedagogical assistance to a child from a dysfunctional family is being considered. The results of studying the “child in a dysfunctional family” problem are presented and the conclusion is made that a child in such a family is deprived of parental attention, supervision, care, and experiences difficulties in relations with peers and teachers. A review of well-known models of activity with a dysfunctional family is given, and non-traditional forms of work with a dysfunctional family are named. The available experience shows that today the direction of helping a child from a dysfunctional family is not sufficiently developed. A child growing up in a dysfunctional family lacks a significant adult. Such a significant adult can be a student-mentor, “family tutor”. Having a mentor in a child will help reduce intra-family conflicts, improve parent-child relationships, and possibly prevent social orphanhood. In this regard, in the framework of participation in the «Course for the Family» competition organized by the Timchenko Foundation, the project «Family Tutor» was developed. The implementation of the project included: the selection of students interested in participating in the project, their training, the definition of a group of children who need mentors, the creation of “child-tutor” pairs, and the conclusion of agreements with families. Today 10 pairs work, students are accompanied by curators, authors of the project. The relevance and practical significance of the project is evidenced by the fact that the “Family Tutor” was supported by the Timchenko Charitable Fund at the second stage of the “Course on the Family” grant competition. Keywords: dysfunctional family, child in a dysfunctional family, student tutor, accompaniment, social and pedagogical assistance | 561 | |||||
672 | The current stage of world historical development is characterized by a tendency towards economic and cultural rapprochement between countries and peoples, which forms a certain social order in the use of functional capabilities of both native and foreign languages by carriers in order to implement strategically important life tasks: educational, industrial, everyday – household, scientific, cultural. Mastering the Russian language by a foreign native speaker should take into account the achievements of a number of branches of scientific knowledge: linguodidactics, general pedagogy and psychology, theories of speech and textual activity, the theory of linguistic personality, psycholinguistics, communication science, subject methodology (theory and practice of teaching Russian as a foreign language). Based on their own pedagogical experience in teaching Russian as a foreign language in the audience of native Chinese speakers, by systematizing and generalizing the existing developments, the authors propose an original concept, in which the types of secondary linguistic personalities are described, distinguished on the basis of the competence approach. In the course of the study, the comparative method, observation and the method of scientific description are involved. Mastering a foreign language marks a certain level of competence characteristics of an inauthentic speaker. The most “advanced” level of proficiency in Russian as a foreign language presupposes the conscious use of the resources of the language, expressed in the ability to correctly assess the situation in terms of relevance, ethics and communicative expediency of use. From these positions, a secondary linguistic personality is understood as a carrier who masters a foreign language in an authentic socio-cultural context and relying on it in order to implement the tasks of effective multicultural communication. At the same time, the carrier demonstrates a certain level of development of competencies: linguistic, linguocultural, intercultural and communicative. The results obtained in the course of the study allow us to say that in the study of the activity of a secondary linguistic personality aimed at mastering Russian as a foreign language, the most effective is the use of a competence-based approach. This approach allows us to study the secondary linguistic personality in the dynamics of the formation of its competence properties at each stage of development that we have identified: the formation of the secondary linguistic personality as a user of a foreign language, the formation of a system of special knowledge and skills in the foreign language in relation to the target language, professional knowledge of a foreign language. The presented typology of secondary linguistic personalities, highlighted on the basis of the competence-based approach, can be used in modern linguodidactics. Keywords: secondary linguistic personality, linguodidactics, Russian as a foreign language, competence-based approach, competence | 560 | |||||
673 | The article analyzes the current state of vocational education. Vocational education is considered as a social phenomenon. The characteristics of vocational education as a component of the educational system at the present stage of development are presented. It is noted that the current state of vocational education is at the level of modernization in favor of the use of innovative educational technologies. Attention is focused on the main trend of modern professional education – its digitalization. Integration of the Russian vocational education system into the world educational system is one of the priorities of the state educational policy. It is noted that the basis of modern vocational education is at the level of modernization in favor of the use of innovative educational technologies. The principles underlying modern education are highlighted: continuity, practice-orientedness, integration, continuous professional development, learning “online + offline. The situation caused by the coronavirus COVID-19 led to the fact that educational institutions were forced to switch to new formats of education (distance and online learning). The main factors that influenced this situation are the COVID-19 pandemic, the accumulated international experience, the modern needs of society and the market economy. It is noted that, despite the technological and organizational difficulties, common approaches to professional training remotely and online were developed, a database of educational content was created. Keywords: vocational education, pandemic, digitalization, distance learning, online education, proctoring | 559 | |||||
674 | Nowadays the system of secondary vocational education must be ready to meet modern challenges and requirements for professional training and be able to cope with the contradiction between the existing quality of specialists’ training and the employers and the labor market demands for highly qualified specialists. Therefore, the issue of creating a system of advanced professional training is extremely vital. The article considers approaches to the theoretical basis for the conceptual foundations of advanced professional training of specialists required for the socio-economic development of the region. It distinguishes some certain aspects of the regionalization of education in the context of activities performed by institutions involved in the secondary vocational education. The paper also substantiates the urgency and the relevance of the advanced vocational training center, whose activity is aimed at satisfying the needs of priority directions of economic and technological development of the region and increasing the professional employment of its population. The article determines goals and objectives of advanced vocational training, specifies expected outcomes and effects of their implementation in the practice of advanced vocational training center which was created on the basis of the Siberian Polytechnic College (Kemerovo). Moreover, the author demonstrates the most significant results achieved by the center of advanced vocational training of the Kemerovo region over the period of 2019, 2020. The approbation of the designed model developed on the conceptual foundations of advanced vocational training confirmed that it contributes to the successful solution of the planned goals and objectives. Keywords: secondary vocational education, outstripping (advance), regionalization of education, advanced training concept, effectiveness of advanced education | 559 | |||||
675 | The article considers the urgent problem of improving the competitiveness of Russian universities in the global educational space. The problem is initiated by a challenging requirement to the system of Russian higher professional education, specifically, to comply with the modern pace of world development. This requirement is included in the list of global challenges for universities and is designated in the State Program of the Russian Federation “Development of Education in 2013–2020” as one of the crucial tasks of modernization and development of higher professional education. The launch of Project 5-100 has been the main vector of modernizing Russian higher education. The article aims to analyze the main provisions of Project 5-100, the methodology of world rankings ARWU, QS, THE and their indicators, the positions of Russian universities in the global educational space by the example of Tomsk Polytechnic University (TPU), as well as to develop corrective measures. The main research methods were as follows: analysis of pedagogical literature, Project 5-100 documentation, methodology of world rankings ARWU, QS and THE, as well as analysis and synthesis of the information obtained. The study analyzed the positions of MIT (Massachusetts Institute of Technology), Lomonosov Moscow State University and TPU in the world rankings and identified two groups of TPU activities: TPU strengths and underachievements with regard to QS ranking. As well, measures to fix underachievements by improving the quality of ranking indicators and providing the development of a multilingual environment, retraining teachers and revising educational programs were provided. An effective condition for the consolidation of the proposed measures, it is suggested to implement the teaching methods that would create conditions for the development of a multilingual environment, specifically, the methods involving the integration of subject knowledge and foreign language. The assumption regarding the effectiveness of methods integrating subject and language knowledge is based on their potential to strengthen the practical orientation of language practice among students and teachers, as well as reduce the time resource for mastering a foreign language for professional communication. Keywords: higher education, university competitiveness, world university rankings, methodology of leading world rankings, QS, THE, project 5-100 | 559 | |||||
676 | The study is devoted to the urgent problem of identifying psychological factors for pregnancy maintenance in women who are pregnant having special somatic conditions (HIV infection). During the research a comparative analysis of indicators of the psycho-emotional state, the motives for maintaining pregnancy, women’s attitude towards themselves and their perceived health status between groups of women with physiologically normal pregnancy and with the threatened miscarriage was conducted. The psychological factors of maintaining a healthy pregnancy in women with HIV infection were established. At the level of clinical indicators, these were the absence of abortions and missed pregnancies in medical history. At the level of social indicators, the factor was a registered marriage as a marital status. At the level of psychological indicators – the absence of depressive mood, of high aggressiveness and frustration; acceptance of the pregnancy; rejection of the motive for pregnancy maintenance characterized by the desire to achieve a new social status and satisfy the need for love, support, attention and care; high value of oneself and high value of the child himself/herself; high assessment of the health status and the bodily resources for healing. The results can be used to develop a differentiated program to prevent the development of the threated miscarriage in women with HIV infection for antenatal clinics of maternity hospitals and center for AIDS prevention and control. Keywords: psycho-emotional and personal characteristics of pregnant women, psychological factors of pregnancy maintenance, HIV infection, threatened miscarriage | 558 | |||||
677 | The paper presents a research of motivational sphere of undergraduate students of a technical Universi-ty. The connection of educational, poorly realized personal motives of students with groups of universal competencies was analyzed, and the deficiencies of personal skills that affect the formation of universal competencies were identified. Personal skills are more closely related to psychological characteristics, preferences, experience, environment, and so on. They develop more slowly and more difficult. In the motivational sphere of university students contains two main groups of motives. The first group is the motives inherent in the training itself. They determine the educational and cognitive motivation of stu-dents. The second group includes motives associated with what lies outside the learning process. In the process of developing a student’s professional competence, one can observe a different combination of the first and second groups of motives. The following conclusions were drawn: the study and analysis of the motivational sphere of undergrad-uate students allows timely updating of personal skill deficiencies in the development of universal com-petencies enshrined in the specialist training curriculum; having developed a model of the formation of universal competencies based on the poly-motivational structure of educational motives, you can get a tool to train a specialist meeting modern requirements of the professional environment. Keywords: motivational sphere of University students, motives of educational activity, poorly realized personal motives of students, universal competencies, personal skills | 557 | |||||
678 | Multifunctionality of the modern elementary education connected to development of both thematic and metathematic, as well as the personal results, creates the problem of the educational assignments’ quality. Now the most effective assignments are those that help students to develop universal learning activities of all types, meaning that the elementary schools students learn both thematic and metathematic content. The goal of this article is to ascertain elementary school teachers capability to understand the essence of educational assignments and their preparedness to develop multifunctional assignments. The material for this research consists of elementary school teacher survey results. The method is provided by survey and theoretical analysis of scientific literature. The analysis of the data revealed that the teachers focus on the administrative function of the teacher, providing the assignment as an order that requires completion; are unable to name all the essential parts of the learning assignments and to define its functionality, thus narrowing the scope of assignment applicability in their own work. Most of the respondents rework the textbook assignments, yet the target potential remains the same, maintaining the focus on the subject results. During independent creation of the learning assignments most of the teachers have difficulties with ascertaining the target resource, providing accurate language material, organizing the completion, reflexion and evaluation, making quality formula of the assignment itself. The survey of the elementary school teachers allowed to reveal the most typical problems connected to the teacher preparedness to develop and use multifunctional educational assignments, which allows to ascertain areas of education concerning the creation of the educational assignments that help the elementary school students to form metathematical results. Keywords: educational assignments, elementary school students, universal learning activities, elementary school teachers | 554 | |||||
679 | The article discusses the implementation of projects in the methodological training of future primary school teachers. The author emphasizes the importance of students mastering the technology of creating a project and working on it. The results of the study (an online survey of students and analysis of discipline programs) are presented, which made it possible to distinguish the educational project as the most frequently implemented. When implemented in the learning process as a training assignment, the educational project acquires such attributes as external motivation for implementation, the task of the topic and problems, work according to the prepared plan. The author also draws attention to the research project as one of the ways to build methodological knowledge. A research project is characterized by such signs as reflexivity, work with a problem, work on research steps. The article actualizes the special significance of the educational project, the features of which are: independence, initiative of students, their joint activities. It is emphasized that both educational and research projects can become educational. As an example of an educational project, the project “Reading Diary for the Summer” is considered. This project was initiated, developed and tested by students together with primary school pupils. Keywords: projects, methodological training, future primary school teachers | 554 | |||||
680 | In the objective processes of integration and unification in the field of education, each national system relies on the existing potential and accumulated domestic experience. The purpose of this article is to reconstruct and generalize the experience of the Far Eastern authorities in reforming teacher education and teacher training institutions during the Civil War. The main source for writing the work was archival materials stored in the funds of the Russian State Historical Archive of the Far East. The Ministry of Public Education of the Provisional Siberian Government has repeatedly raised the issues of transformation of the teacher training system, but no substantive bill was adopted. Since 1919, Ministry of National Education of the government of A.V. Kolchak dealt with education, and this period is associated with the increased decentralization of management and the introduction of the institute of commissioners. Since the end of 1920, the regional governments operating in the Far East formed a policy towards pedagogical educational institutions under the influence of the ideas of the People’s Commissariat of Education. Regional authorities, despite their desire to democratize governance institutions, have not been able to overcome the inertia of accumulated problems in the field of education. The legislative activity of the Ministry of Public Education of the Provisional Siberian Government was ineffective and short-term. With the transition of the Far Eastern territories under the jurisdiction of local government bodies, regional departments of public education followed the path of reforming individual pedagogical educational institutions. On the path of the reform, the government of the Far Eastern Republic has moved a little further than the Siberian Government. The reforms were based on the soviet principles of school development. As the general crisis intensified, the local authorities took less and less into account the opinions of the professional pedagogical community, and more and more often the changes were of a prescriptive nature. As a result of ill-considered reconstructions of teachers’ institutes and seminaries, the system of teacher education that required reforms but was well-coordinated and developing, was destroyed, replaced with ineffective transitional and limited forms that cost significant organizational and financial efforts, and the planned reforms were not implemented properly. Keywords: history of teacher education in Siberia, educational reforms, Khabarovsk Teachers‘ Institute, Chita Institute of Public Education, Far Eastern State Pedagogical Academy named after Ushinsky, Khabarovsk Pedagogical Courses II, Civil war in the Far East | 554 | |||||
681 | It is stated that the problem of the development of communicative universal educational actions (CUEA) of students has become the object of both modern scientific research and practical developments. The paper presents a historical and pedagogical analysis of the study of this phenomenon in Russian pedagogy, identifies the leading models and technologies used to organize extracurricular activities in modern educational institutions. A model for the development of CUEA of junior schoolchildren by means of extracurricular activities is proposed, the features of which are associated with the use of a set of system-activity, communicative-cognitive approaches, integrated content at the metasubject level in the form of a network modular educational program of extracurricular activities (general intellectual orientation), implementation technologies using subject-oriented teaching aids, speech situations, logical and didiactic schemes. The content of the effective-evaluative component of the model is substantiated, which includes methods of observation, diagnostics, statistical methods, and the assessment of the process of development results for this group of metasubject education results. For the development of CUEA in students of primary school age, we have proposed the following means, in our opinion, which are the most effective for a given age: subject-figurative visualization, logical-didactic schemes and speech situations. The criteria are highlighted (the student is able to master speech culture at an elementary level; the student is able to organize his communication in a time frame; the student is able to overcome various types of barriers in the implementation of communication), the levels of formation of this group of metasubject educational results of students at the level of primary general education. Keywords: development of communicative educational results, primary general education school, students, model, non-class activities, teaching aids | 553 | |||||
682 | The article substantiates the need to use the capabilities of university training to form the professional competencies of future vocational education teachers in order to create highquality human resources for the modernization of technological processes, the promotion and implementation of new promising technologies and the provision of services customization in the process of transition to the digital economy model of the future of Russia. The role of educational organizations in the process of implementing the requirements of federal state educational standards Federal state educational standard 3 ++ to the quality of training qualified personnel in accordance with the requirements of employers expressed in professional standards is revealed. The content of the undergraduate studies presented in the main educational program is considered. 44.03.04 Professional training (by industry), focus (profile): Decorative and applied art and design of mandatory professional competencies formed on the basis of professional standards, analysis of requirements for graduates in the market labor, consultations with leading employers. Indicators of achievement of compulsory professional competencies of graduates are established, the possibilities of their achievement are examined by the examples of the organization of educational research work of students studying at the Faculty of Technology and Entrepreneurship of TSPU in the areas of professional activity: design (costume, interior, art objects), manufacture of clothing, decorative -applied art (art crafts of Siberia, the modern directions of arts and crafts in the manufacture of objects would and, souvenirs) beauty industry (hairdressing, makeup techniques, nail design, etc.), image making, stylistics. The feasibility of training vocational education teachers for emerging service clusters in the economy of the Tomsk Region is substantiated, taking into account the prognostic needs in the context of post-industrial transformations. Keywords: professional competencies of the future teacher of vocational training, indicators of achievement of professional competencies, design, service clusters | 552 | |||||
683 | The problem of aggressive behavior has become the subject of extensive scientific and practical discussion. The article offers an analysis of individual aspects of the content of the phenomenon of aggression, highlights the features of teenage aggression. The results of a long-term study of the level of aggressiveness of adolescents and youth are presented. It is noted that violations in the sphere of interpersonal relations of adolescents play a priority role in the development of deviant behavior; communication forms a specific model of behavior, sometimes influencing the performance of actions that are not always constructive; the formation of positive communication skills is in the field of influence of subjects of educational practice and is the most important factor in preventing adolescent aggression. The authors point out that pedagogically expedient actions in terms of shaping positive development in adolescents is to optimize interactions between all participants in the educational process (children, parents, teachers, social partners). The main directions of pedagogical preventive work, from the point of view of the authors, are: taking into account the characteristics of the family of each teenager as a necessary condition for the effective work of a teacher; management of the classroom situation and monitoring the relationships of children, which makes it possible to prevent the manifestation of aggression in the group; ensuring safety in an educational institution through the formation of social and psychological comfort of students and teachers; projecting constructive models of peaceful settlement of conflicts through the media and the Internet; integrating children into the system of social ties both at school and outside, using social and educational technologies; purposeful educational influence on youth and work with the family in the direction of stable orientations on lawful behavior is considered as a significant factor in preventing aggression. Keywords: adolescents, aggression, communication, subjects of educational practice | 551 | |||||
684 | The relevance of the article is due to the fact that cognitive learning theories are the most recognized in modern domestic didactics. They act as a psychological and pedagogical substantiation of didactic systems that implement the values of cognition and the development of students’ cognitive abilities, when training is based on the direct experience of students, its expansion in the course of search, research, active development of the world. The following positions are proposed as prerequisites for the development of cognitive didactics in the context of personality development in the era of digitalization of education: the need to take into account the directions of transformation of the higher education system: educational goals, forms of education, teaching methods, management tools; focus on solving the general goal of transforming the educational process at the present stage of development of higher education – on the generation of knowledge; the use of the regularities of functioning and the formation of mechanisms of cognition of students in the process of realizing the systemforming goal of cognitive didactics – the effective cognitive organization of a person; generation of professionally oriented knowledge in the context of the transition to the construction of holistic life-pedagogical situations within the framework of the situational approach as a theoretical and methodological strategy focused on solving cognitive problems; the use of cognitive tools in the process of implementing the situational-event mechanism of the formation of the personality structures of students’ cognition within the framework of the student’s educational activity. Keywords: cognitive didactics, digitalization of education, cognitive modeling, pedagogical situation, cognition, thinking, control, educational and cognitive process, interaction of subjects, cognitive organization of a student, thinking, transformation of education, situational approach, situational-event mechanism, knowledge constructs, situational maps, cognitive styles | 551 | |||||
685 | This paper presents the concept, principles of distance education and its relationship with the terms online-learning and e-learning. The author determines the importance of Internet technologies for foreign language learning and the formation of foreign language communicative (often professionally oriented) competence as the main task of this subject. The article gives the reflections of the functionality of the Microsoft Teams online platform to create a unique online learning environment. The issue is addressed by analyzing the survey data on learning foreign languages online via the MS Teams at the University of Tyumen. The specific objective of the study is to juxtapose the MS Teams tools with the parameters of organizing classes in foreign languages such as interactivity, multimedia, the implementation of the learner-centered approach, the teaching and learning materials used, teaching methods and forms, the creation of an authentic environment and the formation of various types of speech activity. In addition, the study defines the most significant MS Teams functions, in particular, storing educational materials, having feedback, video communication (online-meetings), working in teams and channels, MS Teams tests, working with co-editing files etc. The author identifies the difficulties that arise (namely technical, psychological, physiological, methodological difficulties and problems in perceiving information), their possible causes and ways to overcome them. The article ends with conclusions on how MS Teams integrates into the foreign languages learning process. Keywords: distance education, distance technologies, foreign language, MS Teams, online platform | 551 | |||||
686 | The experience of introducing the results of scientific research of students to organize extracurricular educational and research activities of students in biology is described. It is shown that this is one of the main factors contributing to the study of students in schools. This is due to both age-related characteristics and the material and technical organization. An example of the implementation by students of the 5th grade of elementary basic research skills in botany when studying the topic “Germination of seeds and seedling growth” using the results of scientific studies of students is given. A workbook has been developed in which a student can record the results of his research, repeat and consolidate theoretical material. A workbook is an integral part of the developed extracurricular activities, can be used by a biology teacher to timely control the level of assimilation of the material and independent activity of all students. Analysis of the results of the pedagogical experiment showed that the level of knowledge of students in the experimental group was higher than in the control group by 28%, while the students of the experimental group received elementary research skills. The introduction of the results of their own scientific research for the organization of extracurricular educational and research activities of schoolchildren in biology allows students at the graduation to be ready theoretically and practically both in subject areas and in the teaching field. This contributes to the development of students’ skills of independent research and its use in their future pedagogical activities. Keywords: teaching and research activities, extracurricular activities, federal state educational standard, workbook, elementary research skills | 549 | |||||
687 | The relevance and heuristic value of the article lies in the fact that the materials presented in it will give reason to researchers, scientific supervisors of graduate students, organizers of science and the graduate students themselves to understand how to ensure the highest productivity of training highly qualified personnel, to increase the prestige of research activities. The problem of a modern graduate student is not that he is not able to generalize well-known materials and that he cannot offer something new in his field of knowledge, but how to check the effectiveness of what is offered as organically «fit» theory into experimental designs. Simply put, how to build a relevant experiment. It is in this that the main value of the materials presented in the article is seen, which will help the subjects of this process most reasonably approach the choice of approaches to the organization of postgraduate training, methods and techniques of experimental research, building its content and presenting the results. The subject of the work is the mechanisms (approaches, methods, means) of studying the readiness of graduate students for research activities in the context of scenario-event organization of the educational process. The novelty of the work is that it shows how one of the main components of the productivity of postgraduate training – readiness for research activities can be qualimetrically evaluated by measuring three components: the level of selfrealization; motivation and formation of relevant competencies. The practical significance of the work is seen in the application of scenario approach models to the preparation of graduate students and the incorporation of various «events» into these models, in the systematic construction of the main stages of the experimental work and the interpretation of its results for each of the measured parameters. Keywords: research activity, readiness for self-realization, motivation, the formation of research competencies, scenario-event organization of the educational process in graduate school | 547 | |||||
688 | The state and social order sets the school the task of forming a competitive, professionally mobile graduate on the labor market. This order is most definitely reflected in the Federal state educational standards of basic General education. The idea of forming an educational system is considered as an effective means of solving this problem. The possibilities of a new type of educational system focused on the development of a person as a person (hereinafter – PSЕ – personalized system of education) are investigated. This direction is implemented by an interregional research team led by E. N. Stepanov. This article deals with issues of constructing professional orientation system personalized education system (PSE) for secondary general school. The author looks into the idea of forming professional goals in upperclassmen. Special attention is given to the role of family in that process. Articles give specific examples of successful collaboration between the school system and the family in forming professional orientation in upperclassmen through the creation of personalized systems. The study was conducted to study the possibility and effectiveness of the use of PSV in the formation of readiness of high school students of the main secondary school for professional self-determination. The conditions and opportunities of the personalized system of education in the professional orientation of classmen of the main secondary school are analyzed. Keywords: professional orientation, personalized education system, professional selfdetermination, basic secondary school, educational potential of the family | 544 | |||||
689 | The article emphasizes the importance of developing children’s spiritual and moral qualities in the process of improving and developing self-regulation training and the formation of children’s self-regulating skills using the ancient Eastern health practice of Wushu. The influence of two programs of self-regulation development on the physical and psychological state of preschool and primary school children is compared: 1) the program for the formation of self-regulating skills based on the ancient Eastern health practice of Wushu (emphasis on physical and spiritual and moral development); 2) the program for the formation of selfregulating skills based on the ancient Eastern health practice of Wushu (emphasis on physical development). The pilot study uses the method of psychophysical development of children using traditional elements of Wushu T. N. Bruk. The comparison is based on the indicators evaluated by the methods: E. O. Smirnova and V. M. Kholmogorova, assessment of physical development. The results of the study showed that program 1 – self-regulation training with reference to the actualization of spiritual and moral qualities allowed children to progress much more than program 2, which is associated with the development of self-regulation skills only at the physical level. In the first case, children developed more actively both in terms of physical characteristics (strength, endurance, flexibility, coordination) and personal parameters (motivation to study, discipline, initiative, sensitivity to peer influences, emotional background). Keywords: self-regulating skills, spiritual and moral qualities, health-improving and developing training | 544 | |||||
690 | As part of the study of the features of the Abkhazian folk pedagogy, the article considers special means of edifying influence on the younger generation. An act of caution, the tenetseducation, intimidating – the phenomena that have existed in ethnopedagogy from time immemorial, are designed to protect, reason. The act of caution is widely known in ethnopedagogic science, but little attention is paid to its study and systematization. It is worth noting the absence of significant works on the study of this aspect, collections of people’s warnings, allowing to deeply reveal their essence and content. The most used edifying expressions used by Abkhazians in everyday life were provided to the authors by informants, representatives of this ethnic group living on the territory of the Republic of Abkhazia. Other sources were the works of folklore, as warnings are found in the oral folk art of Abkhazians. The scientific novelty of the experience discussed in the article lies in the lack of due attention to this kind of means of education, including emotional. The relevance of the analysis of this means of education lies in its excessive effectiveness, the lack of need to resort to other methods of persuasion. The purpose of the study of the issue of warnings is the desire to isolate the positive and negative sides of such an impact and to determine the possibility of its application, taking into consideration the requirements and norms of modern pedagogy and modern realities. The Abkhazian people forged their own measures of warnings, tested them for centuries in order to choose what suits the young change of this particular ethnic group. Despite the uniqueness of the means under discussion, their study will be of interest and may be useful to all mankind. Keywords: folk pedagogy, Abkhaz, Abkhazian ethno pedagogy, national upbringing, methods and means of upbringing, admonition, intimidating, omens, superstitions, Abkhazia | 543 | |||||
691 | The authors present a review of the main studies devoted to the study of urban and rural foster families. Also they provide statistics on the placement of children in foster families in large cities and rural areas. The aim of the study was to identify the types and relationship of life values of parents and teenagers in foster families of metropolis and the countryside. The aim of experimental study is to identify the specifics of life values, the personality orientation of the adoptive parents of the metropolis and the countryside. The study covered 156 foster parents of the metropolis and 148 foster parents of the countryside, 112 teenagers living with foster parents of the metropolis, and 98 adolescents living with foster parents in the countryside, aged 14–15 years. The study of life values, resilience of foster parents and teenagers was carried out through the methodology of M. Rokich. To study the relationship between the life values of foster parents and adolescents, the Spearman criterion (p) was used. The authors of the real study have revealed the preferred terminal values and instrumental values of adoptive parents and teenagers of the metropolis and the countryside. They have also identified the equivalent ranks which are important for adoptive parents and teenagers of a metropolis according to terminal values: health, material well-being. The ones have found the discrepancies in such values as life wisdom, freedom, the presence of good and faithful friends, knowledge. The coincidence of instrumental values is honesty, education. The authors noted that there were coincidences between adoptive parents and teenagers of the countryside on the scales of terminal values – health, interesting work, the beauty of nature, a happy family life, the happiness of others, creativity, confidence. There was a coincidence in instrumental values – tolerance, courage, efficiency, firm will, education, breadth of views. The researches have established the interconnections between instrumental values of foster parents and teenagers in foster families of the metropolis and the countryside, the terminal values of parents and teenagers in foster families of the countryside and the absence of such connections in foster families of the metropolis. The researches have concluded the most significant factors affecting the presence and absence of relationships between parents and teenagers from foster families of the metropolis and the countryside are lifestyle, family traditions. The results can be applied in the selection, training and support of foster parents in the centers of comprehensive support of foster families. Keywords: life values, resilience, foster parents of metropolis, foster parents of the countryside, life values of teenagers from foster families | 543 | |||||
692 | The problems of assessing the level of formation of professional competencies of students studying undergraduate programs are revealed. Despite the massive transition of Russian universities to the European level system of higher education in 2011, many issues of functioning of higher education in Russia remain unresolved. The main problem that still causes the greatest number of discussions in the University environment is related to the assessment of the level of knowledge, skills and skills that should be formed according to the competence approach in the framework of the implementation of the main professional educational program in accordance with the requirements of the current Federal state educational standard FSES 3++. Many Russian universities have developed their own internal systems for assessing the level of professional competence achieved. These evaluation systems differ from each other in their approaches to conducting evaluation procedures, the tools and methods used. However, none of the methods considered can guarantee a high degree of reliability of the results obtained, since it is based on a mixture of the new and old paradigms of higher education. Specific measures are suggested that should be taken in order to make the assessment of the level of formed professional competencies of students more realistic. Keywords: assessment of the level of professional competence formation, main professional educational program, Federal state educational standard, competence approach | 541 | |||||
693 | The article deals with the actual problem of creation of adaptive educational route that is adequate to special educational needs of person who is in inclusive educational continuum. The author analyses the following foreign concepts of possible adaptation of educational route for exceptional persons: combinatorially-significated interpretation of creation of individual educational path and theory of adaptive emphatic discourse that is a component of holistic educational route. This research characterizes the role of adequate translative technics of communication between all participants of inclusive education in high educational institute in process of development of signified mechanism which implies creation of acceptance innovative culture in relation to any forms of exceptionality. The author clarifies importance of positive emphatization as a key condition for achievement of exceptional learner’s good academic results and development of his sustainable path of socialization as well as shows her own understanding of the term “exceptionality”. The article considers in the recommended range of adaptive technics for creation of educational route from the positions of multidisciplinary approach and description of specialist’s on social work functional role in this process. The author determines key specialist’s on social work functions in the process of creation of positive emphatic discourse, which is basic condition for successful adaptation of educational route. Keywords: educational route, person with special educational needs, exceptionality, exceptional learner, adaptation of educational route, adaptive technics, inclusive education | 541 | |||||
694 | The article considers the process of students’ critical thinking development through the English language resources. The authors highlight the importance of English in the developing of students’ universal competencies and their adaption to the current professional requirements. The article outlines the essential critical thinking skills that allow students to comprehend the received material, break down the material into its constituent parts, to distinguish relevant information from extraneous material, to synthesize, to infer and evaluate it. The educational foreign-language text is used as a means of students’ critical thinking development. The authors emphasize the text’s multifunction nature and its contribution into enhancement of students’ thinking activity. Despite the teachers’ keen interest in the process of critical thinking developing some authors prove the lack of methods and techniques promoting its growth. The article gives an overview of Bloom’s taxonomy and outlines its application in the educational process. The taxonomy is widely used to set educational objectives, to formulate motivating exercises and monitor headway in knowledge and skills developing. The study shows that not all textbooks and tasks are intended to enhance critical thinking skills. So, the authors analyzed their English textbook and changed their approach to work with the texts. The article describes the experience proving that new challenging tasks help students comprehend the received information, distinguish relevant facts, summarize and learn to evaluate. Keywords: foreign language, universal competencies, critical thinking, educational foreign-language text, Bloom’s taxonomy | 540 | |||||
695 | The article describes and analyzes the correlation between various forms of social activity and abnormal behavior of young people in real and virtual environments. The sample consisted of 160 respondents aged 18 to 25 years. The use of the Pearson correlation coefficient in the context of processing the obtained indicators allowed us to identify statistically significant relationships between various forms of social activity of young people and abnormal behavior in real and virtual environments. The relationships between: Internet-network and auto-destructive virtual activity, as well as cyber-communication dependence; anti-social and aggressive-asocial virtual activity with leisure activities; antisocial and asocial activity in a real environment and protest activity were found. There are also negative relationships between the parameters of auto-destructive virtual activity with spiritual and religious; cyber-communicative dependence with spiritual, as well as religious social activity; anti-social and anti-social behavior in the real environment and socioeconomic activity. It is concluded that abnormal behavior among young people is related to various forms of social activity. Pro-social activity levels out deviations in both real and virtual environments. Deviations in the virtual environment through the Internet-network and leisure forms of social activity can be caused by specific features of communication in cyberspace. The results obtained can be used in the aspect of preventive and correctional work with young people in the conditions of consulting centers and educational organizations. The present study expands the focus of existing concepts in the context of the studied problem within the framework of the correlation of two socio-psychological phenomena – abnormal (deviant) behavior and social activity of the individual. Keywords: activity, social activity, relationship, virtual environment, deviations | 538 | |||||
696 | The article examines the role of image for training future teachers-choreographers at the Institute of Culture and Arts. The modern period of Russian development has indicated the necessity of updating the key priorities in the system of professional training, including the sphere of culture and art. Modernization of education inevitably results in updating of teachers’ qualifications with an accent on universal and generic skills including both professional and pedagogical competencies which are important for any teacher to function efficiently, including teachers of choreography. Hence, the professional image as an important qualification of any teacher becomes not only a significant but also marketable professional skill that can greatly increase the pedagogical effectiveness. At the same time, developing a professional image is a long and difficult process and it is the product of self-knowledge and self-development. In this regard, developing a positive image of a person becomes an urgent problem not only for the politics and business, but also in teachers’ activity, including the teachers of culture and art, whose task is to train highly qualified and competitive specialists. The characteristics of the concepts “image”, “professional image”, “image structure” are introduced. It is shown that image reflects a certain style of new social behavior and it can directly influence the training of future teachers-choreographers contributing to its success. The article presents the empirical research results concerning the role of image in the professional activity of teachers of choreographic disciplines who train future teacherschoreographers. The article examines the attitude of students to issues of their own image and the image of teachers on the example of the Institute of Culture and Arts. Based on this research results, some changes have been made to the curriculum of the discipline “Psychology and Pedagogy of Choreographic Art (Pedagogy)”. Keywords: image, personal image, professional image, image of a teacher, image structure, competence, teacher-choreographer | 538 | |||||
697 | The article analyzes the experience of educational activities of the school in the framework of the experimental program of ecological and patriotic education. Based on the state standard and taking into account national characteristics, the educational system of the school is aimed at developing student‘s ecological culture, patriotism, which consists of a responsible attitude to the nature of the native land, to the historical past of the Motherland, and education of civic responsibility. Environmental responsibility and civil responsibility have common tasksprotection of native nature from the harmful influence of people, preservation of monuments of the Fatherland and nature. Ecological culture-the quality of a person, the degree of moral attitude to the world around them, to nature, a sense of responsibility for the ecological state of their country, their small homeland. The experimental program is based on interdisciplinary and systematic approaches that involve: orientation to the development of personal qualities of the student, comprehensive personal development, active involvement in environmental and patriotic activity. The system-activity approach is a modern approach to the organization of the educational process, in which the student’s cognitive activity is accompanied by practical activities, and their own creative experience is acquired. The content of the organization of educational work is revealed, personal indicators of the result of educational work are indicated. To the pedagogical conditions of increase of efficiency of ecological and Patriotic education are: to integrate environmental and patriotic education, the use of ethnocultural means of education, the process of ecological and patriotic education of students involves the use of active forms and methods of educational work. The article presents the diagnostic result of improving the level of education and the model of a school graduate as a result of educational activities. The main characteristics identified are: environmental and civil responsibility, interest in ethno-ecological knowledge, responsiveness, social and creative activity. The results of participation in competitions and Olympiads within the framework of the ecological and patriotic program are considered. Keywords: ecological culture, ecological and patriotic education, experimental pedagogical activity | 538 | |||||
698 | In this article, the authors consider a psychological and pedagogical problem – the possibility of electronic control-monitoring of the dynamics of the development of cognitive abilities of students. At the same time, the cognitive abilities of a person from a psychological point of view are understood as an integral system construction. The cognitive sphere of an individual, according to the authors of this article, is not limited to intelligence, but it is its fundamental component, as well as cognitive abilities, having their own specific functions, form a single system with individual psychological characteristics. This is the methodological position of the authors of the article. Special attention is drawn to the conceptual construct of the text presented. It is emphasized that an interdisciplinary approach to research can provoke terminological inaccuracy. In this regard, the authors pay close attention to the categorical apparatus, the correct interpretation of terms that provide the semantic basis for interdisciplinary research. The article substantiates the need to develop a comprehensive computer program. It is noted that a complex software can provide electronic monitoring and correction of the values of integral psychological indicators of the formation of cognitive functional connections in the psychological structure of the cognitive sphere of students’ personality in real-time mode. Keywords: electronic monitoring, cognitive sphere, structure, personality, software | 538 | |||||
699 | In modern conditions, the process of training teachers for the vocational education system needs new conceptual approaches taking into account the real state and development prospects of the industry economy and education based on world requirements. The normative basis for the implementation of degree programs is the conjunction of educational and professional standards. The design of modular degree programs in the field of vocational training (by the branches) is based on the principles of modularity, variability and continuity of professional and higher education. The content of each module reflects a competenceactivity approach and includes a practice-oriented theory with practical training in model laboratory conditions or tests in a real learning environment of professional educational organizations and internships at the workplace including at high-tech enterprises in the industry. An independent expert review of professional and pedagogical and qualification competencies is admission to the profession and ends with a state demonstration and (or) qualification exam and the defense of final qualification work performed by the order of the employer. As shown by the practice of joint activities within the framework of cluster formations, the integration of the resources of the scientific, educational and production potential of the university, the network of professional educational organizations and leading enterprises in the industry, improves the quality of training highly qualified personnel with a set of competencies in both professional and pedagogical, as well as professional qualification activities. The implementation of degree programs within the framework of educational clusters enables to solve the acute problem of «personnel gap» including the lack of teachers who are ready to train workers and specialists for priority sectors of the region. Keywords: degree program, vocational education, vocational training (by the branches), training triality, professional standard, social and economic development of the region, global trends (industry 4.0), modular-competence-based approach, independent expert review | 537 | |||||
700 | The state of application of traditional case technologies in the educational process is analyzed. The question of the organization of independent work of students in modern conditions of work of higher education is considered. The importance and relevance of this aspect of the educational process is noted. The state of the application of traditional case technologies in the educational process is analyzed. To increase the efficiency of organizing students’ independent work, the developed technology “Inverted Case” is proposed. The relevance of the application of this technology is justified. The content of the “Inverted Case” technology is revealed. Using concrete examples from higher mathematics, three stages of the implementation of this technology are shown – theoretical, conceptual-analytical, and search-production. The main advantages of using this technology in the educational process in higher education in the study of higher mathematics and theoretical mechanics are indicated. In modern conditions, the use of the “Inverted Case” technology is an important link between the educational and production processes. On the basis of the research carried out, possible difficulties in using the technology are noted. The analysis is carried out and the prospects and advantages of using the “Upside-down case” technology in the organization of independent work of students of engineering specialties are indicated. Keywords: independent work of students, “Inverted case”, blended learning, “Inverted class” | 536 |