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901 | The issue of creating a personalized approach to the training of future geography teachers is considered in the article. A comparative description of the concept of «education personalization» in the context of pedagogy, psychology, and sociology is given. The normative legal documents, which define the special status of a teacher in society and professional requirements for his personality, have been studied. It is concluded that the personalization of education allows, on the one hand, to develop the individual characteristics of students, on the other hand, to include in the process of socialization. When preparing students for the future profession of a geography teacher, it is necessary to organize a personalized approach, which is expressed in close interaction between the teacher and the student and providing conditions for self-education of both parties. The purpose of the article is to describe a model of a personalized educational environment and experience in implementing a personalized approach in the training of geography teachers. The main results of the personalized approach are four workshops developed by the authors of the article in offline format for young geography teachers of Tomsk. Important teaching tools of personalized education are the websites of teachers on the topic «Formation of a teacher’s personal educational environment» and the website of the training focuses «Professionally about the methodology of teaching geography». This model includes personal means of communication, means of teaching and self-education, the use of digital educational platforms and professional websites, improving the professional skills of teachers and students. The results are expressed in the justification of the need to introduce this model into the educational practice of pedagogical universities. Keywords: personalization, personalized approach, professional skills, model of personalized educational environment | 338 | |||||
902 | The reasons for the enthusiasm of teenagers and young people for entertainment show products and the rejection by many of them of samples of serious classical music, which forms a true musical taste, are analyzed. The definition of musical taste is substantiated as the ability to listen, hear and enjoy artistically valuable music, taste as one of the elements of the triune task of studying music at school - the formation of interest in life through passion for music, creative artistic and figurative thinking, taste. It is recommended to listen to not only classical music with schoolchildren, but the best examples of pop music, to discuss dignities and defects of them, that permit to improve the taste and avoid confrontation between the teacher and children, also classical music and music of modern genre and direction. Quantitative and qualitative results of studying the musical needs of adolescents by students as one of the indicators of the level of formation of musical tastes are given. The interpretation of the results confirmed the dependence of the level of formation of musical taste on systematic music lessons, the repertoire on which the musical taste of children is brought up, on the level of professionalism of the teacher-musician. Keywords: music, taste, formation, art, adolescents, composer, genre, classic, entertainment, necessities | 337 | |||||
903 | In order to provide psychological and pedagogical support in the upbringing and development of children of early and preschool age, parents’ requests to the Center for Counseling Assistance were analyzed, which touched upon the issues of upbringing and development of the child without obvious deviations in development. Content analysis of hits was used as an empirical method. 2 conditional groups of requests were identified. The first group included appeals where parents wanted to get advice on how to properly educate (develop) a child. The second group included appeals where parents wanted to «correct» the existing unacceptable forms of behavior, communication, and activities of the child. The results made it possible to identify the most popular requests, analyze the difficulties of parents in upbringing, correlate these difficulties with age periods and developmental characteristics of children. It was revealed that the main share of requests is due to: a) parents have no idea about the age characteristics of children, b) use inadequate upbringing methods that lead to negative consequences. Questioning of parents made it possible to establish their desire to increase their competence in matters of family education, to determine the preferred forms of counseling, to identify the lack of ideas about the capabilities and functions of psychological counseling centers. The information obtained made it possible to formulate recommendatory measures to improve parental competencies through the organization of psychological and pedagogical education. Keywords: psychological counseling, parents, children of early and preschool age, parental competence, difficulties upbringing of children’s, forms of counseling, psychological and pedagogical education | 337 | |||||
904 | The published article is devoted to the life and scientific creativity of the creator of a new branch of knowledge – ethnopedagogy, academician of the Russian Academy of Education Gennady Nikandrovich Volkov. The last decade of G. N. Volkov’s scientific creativity in the Republic of Kalmykia is analyzed and comprehended. The research material was publications about G. N. Volkov in the Republic of Kalmykia by his students, like-minded people, associates and prominent scientists, as well as the authors’ memories from personal meetings with him. The use of this unique and rich material allowed an attempt to study the last decade of the academician’s life during the so-called Kalmyk autumn. As a result, an attempt was made to analyze and reveal the path of the pioneer in the field of scientific knowledge, the essence of the concept developed by him, as well as the tools of its research. Ethnopedagogics is a universal science, which reveals the heritage of any nation, its spiritual, moral and educational potential, traditions and customs – in the same vein. Academician from Chuvashia is the successor of great classical teachers J. A. Komensky, J. H. Pestalozzi and K. D. Ushinskiy. Gennadiy Volkov is a creator of a new scientific pedagogical school, which is still relevant today, which has many Students and followers in the near and far abroad. The great son of the Chuvash people appears as a pioneer, a discoverer; an adherent of the historical kinship of the Kalmyk and the Chuvash peoples; as a romantic who deifies nature and as a public person. The quintessence of his scientific views is the concept of “personality-symbol” introduced and revealed by him in pedagogics and life. The last period of the academician’s life and his activity in the Republic of Kalmykia is described from many different sides in the present article. The Academician G. Volkov’s activity in Kalmykia was marked by the organization of a number of international scientific and practical conferences, the training of a wide range of scientific personnel – doctors and candidates of pedagogical science. Today they continue their great teacher’s work. A research laboratory of ethnopedagogic innovations was opened at Kalmyk State University at his initiative. It has become a research center with a wide geography – from Belarus and Kazakhstan to Yakutia. A fundamental work of an encyclopedic nature “Ethnopedagogical Pansophy” was prepared and published here. In the article, the outstanding Chuvash scientist is considered as an innovator, a personsymbol and a public person as well. Keywords: ethnopedagogics, Gennadiy Nikandrovich Volkov – a founder of ethnopedagogics, great son of the Chuvash people, Kalmyk and Chuvash peoples, person-symbol, Kalmyk period of the academician | 334 | |||||
905 | The article deals with ways of educating undergraduate students how to use electronic textbooks while teaching mathematics in primary education. This education is a relevant approach to increase primary pupils’ information literacy; besides, it shows how important it is for a teacher to be able to use different storage media and interactive multimedia technologies to increase interest in learning and achieve pedagogical goals. The researches collected data from the results of testing and filling in questionnaires by students, who proved to be incompetent of using electronic textbooks on their own lessons at schools because they are not able to: highlight the structural elements of each layer of the textbook, perform navigating, search for interactive and multimedia elements, add their own content, use various models of using this electronic tool in primary education. The article demonstrates general goals, content and three stages of activities undergraduate students should go through to master their skills in defining potential of electronic books and how they contribute into personal growth of a pupil during the lesson. The article describes how bachelors should estimate and use electronic versions. The article presents project tasks and exercises for analysis. It gives examples of professional competencies connected with using electronic textbooks during math lessons in primary schools: searching for pages, justifying the choice of the media library, as well as the stages of the lesson where one can use them, and others. Keywords: professional education for undergraduate students, electronic textbooks, teaching mathematics in primary education | 330 | |||||
906 | The term “mediation” has been introduced into the methodological literature on teaching foreign languages in 2001. But despite this, teachers need to improve qualifications in the understanding of this term, as in the native methodology there is a problem of lack of research in the field of mediation, especially in the field of learning a foreign language. Modern society attaches great importance to communicative connections and relationships. Society needs a person who has flexible thinking, the ability to express his thoughts correctly and easily interact with others. Forming these skills at the same time promotes to grow an all-round personality who will be able to be a mediator in communication with another culture. The purpose of the research will be to analyze the results of the teacher’s questionnaires for their ideas about the need to form mediation and intercultural skills, determine the level of their formation and assessment. Test were developed and implemented to determine the initial level and final results of intercultural and mediation skills for students. They were based on the proposed recommendations for the lessons. According to the results of testing, it can be noted that during the initial testing, students have a low level of mediation and intercultural skills formation. But with using recommendations in the lesson, the level improves. The results of the research and author’s developments show the importance of the mediation and intercultural competencies formation and may be interesting to English teachers working in the secondary school. Keywords: mediation, mediation skills, intercultural skills, questionnaire, secondary school students, foreign language teachers | 330 | |||||
907 | The question of the development of personal and professional readiness for pedagogical activity among counselors’ assistants is considered. The concept of “personal and professional readiness” is analyzed. The article is devoted to the problem of training counselors - future teachers who can help the child enter the new digital world and not lose their individuality. Its purpose is to identify the features of the development of personal and professional readiness for pedagogical activity among counselor assistants, to develop and test a program aimed at developing personal and professional readiness for pedagogical activity among counselor assistants. The results of the study and the experience of testing the program are presented, within the framework of which not only the formation of interest in the teaching profession, but also the development of the necessary competencies takes place. The author’s approach to the content of the program is to use innovative technologies: an interactive seminar, business games, classes with elements of training, art therapy, parables, project sessions, workshops, professional tests, remote interaction, etc. The study used theoretical, empirical methods and methods data processing. The study was conducted on the basis of the children’s public association “Young Aleksin” in Aleksin, Tula region. The study involved assistant counselors in the amount of 20 people aged 15 to 17 years. The results of the study can be used in the preparation of counselors for work in children’s healthimproving, school camps; students who are interested in teaching activities. Keywords: counselor’s assistant, teacher’s profession, children’s health camp, personal and professional readiness, pedagogical activity, professional self-determination, training program | 330 | |||||
908 | This article is devoted to the review of the illustrative space of the fairy tale of one of the most popular Russian children’s writers Alexander Melentevich Volkov «The Wizard of the Emerald City» on the basis of the memorial collection of the children’s museum “Magic Country” named after A. M. Volkov of the Tomsk State Pedagogical University, as well as Internet publications for 1939 to 2021. As a result of this study, the names of 80 artists who illustrated the fairy tale for 82 years were revealed. Analysis of the illustrative space of each book showed the crucial importance of the correct choice for illustrations of the basic events of the plot of the fairy tale, the preservation of the logic of the development of the main storyline, the need to use additional illustrations for a detailed study of the climactic scenes, as well as portraits of the characters. The completeness of the saturation of the illustrative space of the tale, measured by the number of illustrations, ranged from zero to illustration on each page. At the same time, the dynamics of visual content developed from one illustration on 4–7 pages of text to an illustration on each spread (2014, 2020). Color preferences have evolved from black and white book graphics to a variety of watercolor technologies in the household, species, landscape, portrait and animalistic genres. The problem of correspondence of the author’s vision and artistic embodiment in the space of a children’s book is one of the most important problems not only of scientific research, but also of figurative and cognitive education of children. Keywords: children’s book, A. M. Volkov, “Wizard of Emerald City”, illustrators, illustrative space | 329 | |||||
909 | The use of information technology in the learning process has already become commonplace, but new tools are constantly appearing to help the teacher and students. In order for education to really meet the demand of modern realities, it is necessary to continuously modernize the forms and methods of education. One such highly relevant assistant in teaching mathematics is the Dynamic Mathematics System (DMS) GeoGebra. Mathematics has always occupied a special place among the sciences, if only because it is very abstract and difficult to understand. Just memorizing formulas and definitions is not enough, or rather, it makes no sense. You need to understand the essence and be able to use the knowledge gained. Therefore, there is a need for the visibility of mathematical concepts for their more detailed consideration and understanding, for which DMS are used. It is also worth confirming the feasibility of their use. The purpose of this article is to present the results of a study of the impact of using the GeoGebra Classroom on the quality of education on the example of the topic “Complex Numbers” studied by college students in the course of higher mathematics. It was revealed that the use of Dynamic Mathematics Systems in classroom and homework has a positive effect on student’s academic performance. Keywords: teaching mathematics, GeoGebra Classroom, complex numbers, college, dynamic drawings, distance learning | 329 | |||||
910 | The article considers the impact of the pandemic on the psychological state of modern boys and girls, in particular, the impact of forced restrictions on the psycho-emotional state and the potential formation of dependence on the Internet. The results of a diagnostic study of the relationship between the degree of dependence on the Internet and the occurrence of a depressive state are presented. The characteristics of the depressive state and extreme manifestations of depression, suicide are given. Studies of the relationship between interne-dependence and the presence of a depressive state are analyzed. It is noted that not realizing the need for social contacts that is significant for young people can provoke the appearance of a depressive state, which in its extreme manifestations can lead to suicide. The data presented in this article allow us to conclude that with all the positive impact of information technologies, during their active implementation, both in the educational process and the daily functioning of humanity, it is necessary to take into account the risks that may arise from the uncontrolled introduction of the network with people’s lives. In this article, only some negative influences are indicated, this is the risk of depression and Internet addiction. Keywords: depression, suicide, internet addiction, computer addiction | 327 | |||||
911 | The question of the developing value of virtual reality technologies, the possibilities of their application at the level of primary general education is considered. The results of studying various studies on the philosophical, psychological and pedagogical aspects of human activity in virtual reality (VR) are presented. The importance and necessity of introducing virtual, augmented and mixed reality technologies for the digital transformation of the education sector is proved. An attempt is made to classify the means of virtual reality used in education based on the criteria of immersion and presence. The classification distinguishes types of virtual reality technologies according to: the degree of immersiveness; types of educational tasks; graphical user interface; graphical representation of users; interaction opportunities; features of representation of objects in virtual reality; used educational tools and technical specifications. Examples of the implementation of the immersive approach in general education are given: studying the influence of social configurations on the visual attention of students and the learning process in an immersive virtual reality classroom; the influence of text annotations in the class of immersive virtual reality on the ability to recall educational information, etc. The advantages of using VR in education for the development of educational and cognitive competence in primary school age are described: visibility, the ability to visualize complex and inaccessible knowledge, abstract concepts, involvement and interactivity, multimodality of perception, compatibility with distance learning and the possibility of gamification of the educational process. Positive ideas of practicing teachers in relation to the use of VR tools are revealed. Teachers are ready to introduce virtual reality tools into the educational process, however, there is an insufficient number of high-quality VR products that meet the thematic needs of subject teachers. Tasks for children were developed in 4 areas of development: value-semantic, cognitive, operational-activity; reflective-evaluative. Keywords: virtual reality, immersive approach in education, classification of virtual reality tools | 326 | |||||
912 | The application of predictive systems in education based on the use of big data technologies through the management of the digital footprint of students is discussed. The main attention is paid to the accepted managerial decisions. Issues of a technical plan, methodological nature, and legal regulation are not considered in the paper. The current trends in the formation of a digital footprint of students are described, the risks and challenges of introducing digital technologies into the educational sphere are formulated. Two approaches to optimizing the collected data are described: the gamification of education with the creation of a data collection environment and the use of specialized approaches in data processing. With regard to the second approach, the important role of a priori algorithms and expert assessments used in the process of processing the digital footprint has been revealed. A parallel is drawn with the use of big data in science, the importance of repeatedly accessing data and the use of proven methods for extracting information from unstructured data lakes is shown. It is shown that in the educational sphere, digitalization processes are expressed in the strengthening of the role of external stakeholders not related to the state. These trends come into conflict with state interests which lead to the active intervention of the authorities in the educational process. According to the authors, there is a prospect of forced formation of a digital footprint. In order to solve the emerging difficulties associated with the conflict between social and technical, it is proposed to focus on the development of a digital culture and the widespread introduction of the ethics of handling big data. Keywords: digital footprint, big data, education, digitalization, models | 323 | |||||
913 | In modern society, the ways of obtaining education are changing, with an emphasis on strengthening the role of Internet networks as a source of information. Current methods of storing and transmitting information are actively used by teachers and students – educational publications can easily be found in electronic library systems and on the web, and universal Internet access via phone and computer makes it possible to quickly get the necessary information. However, to extract information from the network does not mean to acquire full-fledged knowledge. There is a need for structuring the subject environment and managing students’ access to information on the discipline being studied – this can be implemented, for example, in the modular objective-oriented dynamic learning environment “OpenSystem”. Management of distance learning is also expanding thanks to “cloud technologies” of information storage, and personalization and monitoring of academic performance is implemented using personal virtual offices of students and teachers. In this paper, we will focus on the use of the “OpenSystem” learning environment in the distant study of the discipline “Physics of the Atomic Nucleus” by undergraduate students of the Faculty of Physics and Mathematics of the Pedagogical University. In the last two years, the issues of distance learning are becoming particularly relevant. The “OpenSystem” environment has an undoubted advantage when studying the subject before giving lectures online and other ways of transmitting the material. Keywords: distant learning, network educational services, training of future physics teachers, teaching nuclear physics, elementary particles | 321 | |||||
914 | Trends in the training of defectologists are considered, taking into account the historical aspect and analysis of the current state of the problem. The main directions that determine the trends in the formation of interdisciplinary competencies are determined, the reasons are indicated and the existing historical experience of training interdisciplinary specialists is analyzed. The reasons for the need to include interdisciplinary technologies and forms of interaction in the training of specialists are highlighted. Various types of professional activities of teacher-defectologists in the conditions of inclusive education presuppose the presence of professional and personal competencies, which dictates the need to expand the interdisciplinary approach by revising the methods of conducting lectures through the use of search, research activities of students, solving various professional tasks within the content of the curriculum based on the use of the principle of interdisciplinarity. Various forms of conducting lectures and practical classes are analyzed, organizational parameters are determined. The emphasis is made on the application of the methods of conducting lectures, using the search, research activities of students, which makes it possible to enrich literacy in related areas of defectological science. The authors indicated the need to introduce the content of professional disciplines for solving defectological problems through the establishment of interdisciplinary connections, using interactive test tasks of a different nature. An innovative form of control in the form of a practice-oriented exam has been determined, which allows to determine the readiness of a future specialist to solve professional problems. Keywords: inclusive education, interdisciplinary competences, professional competencies, the principle of interdisciplinarity, social order, teacher defectologist | 320 | |||||
915 | The article presents the characteristics of the modular training program for pedagogical university students for the early prevention of illegal behavior of students, developed on the example of the main professional educational program «History and Law» of the Altai State Pedagogical University, the purpose of which is to ensure the readiness of pedagogical university students to carry out early prevention of illegal behavior of students. On the basis of the studied research literature and survey data among students and teachers of the university, the problems arising in the process of preparing students of a pedagogical university for the early prevention of illegal behavior of students are highlighted. The methodological basis of the developed modular program is systemic, interdisciplinary, legal and humanitarian approaches. The significance of these approaches in the implementation of the modular program is analyzed. The characteristics of the structural components of the modular program – psychological, pedagogical, legal, methodological, practical modules are given. Their purpose, content and place in the system of training students of a pedagogical university for the early prevention of illegal behavior of students are disclosed. The importance of using educational technologies in the process of preparing students for the early prevention of illegal behavior of students is determined. The pedagogical conditions of the choice of educational technologies in the preparation of pedagogical university students for the early prevention of illegal behavior of students are revealed. Keywords: educational technologies, early prevention, illegal behavior, professional training | 320 | |||||
916 | This article presents a study on the preparation of teachers of technical university to implement the developed by the author information and methodological support of the disciplines provided by the curricula of a technical university. Improving the quality of the learning process in the University directly depends on the qualifications and quality of its teaching staff. A teacher needs to focus on the future professional activities of the students he or she teaches. Competent use of specially developed information and methodological support in the educational process will help to prepare specialists in demand in the labor market. Namely, in the aspect of the conducted research, the search for effective methods of information and methodological support implementation in the context of higher education teacher training was carried out. The content and structure of the information and methodological support for the formation of future engineers’ readiness for communicative and managerial activity is presented in the works of scientific and educational journals already published by the author. The purpose of the presented article is to summarize the results of the experimental work on teachers’ training for the implementation of the information and methodological support developed by the author. Scientific research was conducted using the methods and ideas of academician G. V. Mukha-metzyanova, in the works of which several ideas of implementation of information and methodological support were noted: radical way (the whole system is completely renewed); evolutionary way (innovations are introduced gradually). The authors of this article in their scientific work adhered to the idea of implementing information and methodological support carried out by the evolutionary way. In the final part of the experimental-experimental work the directions of activity and the route of preparation of pedagogical workers of the higher school for realization of the developed information-methodical support of formation of future engineers’ readiness for communicative-managerial activity were defined. Keywords: methodological support, educational activities, communicative activity, managerial activity, teacher training, specialist engineer | 320 | |||||
917 | It is noted that the transition to a distance learning format during the pandemic revealed a low level of digital literacy of teachers, which hinders the effective organization of the educational process with online tools. Attention is focused on the lack of development of criteria and indicators of digital literacy among teachers, the lack of its monitoring in general education organizations. The approaches of foreign and Russian researchers to the definition of the content of the concept of digital literacy as a benchmark for the digital transformation of the education system are analyzed. The authors adhered to an expanded interpretation of digital literacy as an element of mastering the culture of the digital age, which implies the presence of broad competencies in the field of search, production, communication and distribution of digital content and information, as well as the conversion of digital skills into pedagogical technologies. In order to identify the understanding of the structure of digital literacy by teachers in the context of limited remote interaction using digital means, the authors used the focus group method in an online format to conduct the study. Based on self-assessment of teachers, deficits in digital pedagogical training of teachers are determined in the context of organizing distance learning in the system of general education based on an analysis of the situation in the Siberian Federal District. A preliminary comparative assessment of the structure and level of digital literacy with students, obtained on the basis of self-analysis of the adaptive educational practices of teachers during the pandemic crisis, is proposed. Keywords: digital literacy, professional digital competencies of a teacher, digital transformation of education, digital educational environment | 320 | |||||
918 | The phenomenon of student involvement is widely presented in foreign and domestic scientific literature as one of the factors contributing to the improvement of academic performance and social activity of students, reducing the number of deductions, however, the psychological mechanism for the emergence and maintenance of involvement has not been studied enough. The article attempts to study the psychological characteristics of student involvement in the context of traditional and distance learning from the standpoint of the methodology of system anthropological psychology, which considers the correspondence between them as a key mechanism of interaction between a person and the environment, and involvement as one of the factors in the formation of personal identity. The purpose of the work is to identify the areas of involvement of students and study the motivational and value aspects of their formation in various educational formats (traditional and distance learning). As a result of using the author’s questionnaire, which makes it possible to identify the accessibility and significance for students of various aspects of the educational space, it was found that with the traditional organization of the educational process, some of the opportunities are not in demand by students, and other aspects of the educational environment seem to be underdeveloped by students. With distance learning, about a third of the educational needs of students are not met. The expectations of students are described, which, in their opinion, are not realized in the educational space of the university, regardless of the educational format. Based on the data of factor analysis, the areas of involvement of students were determined in various ways of organizing the educational process. The discrepancy between the idealized ideas of students about «student life» and «good student» and the actual content of students’ activity is revealed. For some students, identification with the university and the activities performed, involvement in them is expressed moderately. The scientific novelty of the work lies in the use of the methodology of systemic anthropological psychology for the study of involvement. Identified demotivating factors and described the areas of involvement of students. Practical significance: the developed questionnaire and the data obtained can be used to diagnose and manage student involvement both at the level of university administration (to identify and eliminate demotivating factors in the educational environment), and teachers, curators, and psychological service specialists universities. Keywords: student involvement, systemic anthropological psychology, identity, academic involvement, social involvement, areas of involvement, demotivating factors, educational format, youth | 318 | |||||
919 | The modern educational process of secondary school students is largely built on the basis of an activity-based and competence-based approach. One of the tasks of a modern teacher is the assimilation by students in the process of active learning for life of competencies. The analysis of their processes showed that it is still insufficiently studied, there are practically no practical examples of working with competencies. Sufficiently demanded for the development of students and building a useful life are regulatory and cognitive competence. These competencies can be actively formed in the process of teaching physics. The process of developing competencies becomes more effective, as the authors found, if it is built gradually. Formation begins with universal actions that are part of the competencies, which are for the majority identified. For preliminary formation, on the basis of practice, complex actions are highlighted - the student drawing up a plan of educational activity, its adjustment; formulation of causeand- effect relationships in phenomena, processes, reflexive action. The formation of actions is organized on the basis of the implementation by students in groups of mini-projects for the design of actions. An example of the formation of an element of regulatory competence is shown - the action of drawing up a plan for studying new material. Group work is guided based on the teacher’s questions to build the action. Then an intergroup discussion of the results of the work of the groups with the participation of the teacher is organized, and its adjustment. Initially built action, an element of competence is offered for development. With the help of the teacher, there is a reflexive comprehension of the activity of building the action and its appropriation. The development of elements of cognitive competence is built in a similar way. The presented methods of consistent active-activity, project-based formation of competencies are productive and can be widely used in education. Keywords: regulatory, cognitive competences, universal learning activities, project technology, teaching physics | 317 | |||||
920 | The problem of choosing a teaching strategy depending on a heterogeneous contingent of students is considered. It is assumed that one of the following strategies can be used: passive, active or interactive learning. The listed strategies can be combined for a specific group of students, but they cannot be applied individually to each individual student. It is necessary to choose the optimal strategy for a specific contingent of students in order to achieve the best learning outcomes. The model of the educational process is mathematically formalized in terms of theory of game against nature. Four categories of students are introduced, correlated with different strategies (states) of «nature». Students can be characterized not only by the presence of abilities, but also by the level of motivation, and the probabilistic distribution of students by these characteristics can be known (stochastic uncertainty) or unknown. In the conditions of stochastic uncertainty, the criteria for choosing the optimal strategy can be the criteria of the maximum average gain or the minimum average risk. Decision-making in the absence of information about the probability distribution of strategies of nature can be based on the criteria of Wald, Savage, Hurwitz. The same game matrix was used for the calculations, but with different assumptions about the distribution of students by type and with different decision-making criteria. The described approaches allow us to take the choice of a learning strategy with greater responsibility for its results. Practice shows the positive impact of such an analysis on the effectiveness of training. Keywords: teaching methods, games with nature, game matrix, stochastic uncertainty, decisionmaking criteria | 315 | |||||
921 | In the first decades of Soviet power, the attitude to the problems of the development of education was directly related to the ideological guidelines for the rejection of the previous principles of the organization of education, including the obvious achievements of the pre-revolutionary school. The genesis of the Russian system of teacher education was largely due to the objectives of introducing universal education. At the state level, this problem was identified as early as the end of the 19th century, the decision to introduce universal primary education was made by the State Duma of the Russian Empire of the third convocation, but the implementation of the plan turned out to be possible only in the 1930s. In pre-revolutionary Russia, special pedagogical educational institutions worked in the system of the Ministry of Public Education - teacher’s institutes and seminaries. As a result of the Soviet reorganization of the system of teacher education, they were closed or transformed beyond recognition. The formation of a new educational system took place in the context of the revolution and the Civil War, which left its mark on the entire process, especially in Siberia and the Far East, which in June 1918 were outside the policy zone of the People’s Commissariat of Education. With the establishment of Soviet power in the region, a new wave of reorganization of pedagogical educational institutions began, which coincided with the period of «creative searches» of the People’s Commissariat for Education in matters of the structure of pedagogical education, the image of the Soviet «teacher – social worker», and teaching methods. The search for a new model of teacher training in the Soviet school against the backdrop of increased centralization of education management gradually led to the abandonment of experimental approaches to the organization of education. To a large extent, the experience of professional training of teachers was rethought and taken into account with certain adjustments in the content of education and upbringing of the future Soviet teacher. The program for the introduction of universal education in the USSR was carried out at an accelerated pace and was implemented in a short time, already in 1930–1934. in the USSR, universal compulsory education was introduced in rural areas in the amount of an elementary four-year school, and in cities and workers’ settlements – in the amount of a seven-year school. This required great efforts of the whole society and the state: in each regional center and, if there was such an opportunity, then on the basis of the former teacher’s seminaries and institutes, pedagogical institutes and technical schools, pedagogical courses of various levels and purposes were opened; significant financial and human resources have been allocated to create a network of teacher training institutions; the unification of the system of training of pedagogical personnel and the requirements for the qualification of a teacher was carried out. Keywords: history of education, history of teacher education in Siberia and the Far East, education during the years of the revolution and the Civil War, introduction of universal education, Soviet modernization of education | 310 | |||||
922 | The article discusses the topic of advanced training programs for heads of educational institutions in Russia, Great Britain, Australia, Sweden, the Netherlands and other countries in the context of requirements set by professional standards. It has been revealed that the functional composition of these requirements in different countries largely coincides, but Russian institutions do not yet offer a full range of topics of programs for the professional development of managers, aimed at the formation of a full functional manager, reflected in professional standards. In comparison with many foreign countries in the Russian Federation higher requirements to the education of the head of the school, which in our country should have higher education in the pedagogical and administrative sphere, and requires at least five years’ experience in teaching and/or management positions in educational institutions. The analysis of requirements to the director of the school from the point of view of the work functions of the professional standard of the school leader was conducted. Especially the «not covered» from the point of view of the topic of the proposed training programs are the areas related to functions, skills, knowledge in the field of designing the development of the organization, identification of factors and risks of development, motivation of the team, defining the tasks and prospects of personal and professional development of the manager and some others. Keywords: school principal, school leader, professional development of heads of educational organizations, professional standard of the head of educational organization, functions of the school leader, content of programs for professional development of school leaders, comparative research | 309 | |||||
923 | This article analyzes the genesis and progressive development of the phenomenon of pedagogical classes in the Russian state as one of the possible ways to train teachers. It is noted that the status position of pedagogical classes has always directly depended on the historical and political stages of the state structure of the country, on socio-ideological, financial, economic and regional conditions. It turns out that the gender and professional purpose of graduates of the additional eighth pedagogical classes of the pre-revolutionary women`s gymnasium, depends on the status of the family. Alternative options and forms of teacher training without university education in the Soviet period 1920–1970 are shown. In conditions of shortage of qualified specialists with university education, the country was forced to proclaim the goal of accelerated training of teachers of intermediate qualifications instead of workers who do not have any pedagogical training at all. The purpose of the activity of two-year pedagogical classes of the 1990-2000 model is emphasized as the preparation of elite applicants for pedagogical universities. It is noted as historical regularity: the activity of pedagogical classes at each socio-political stage is determined by the public demands of the chronological period under consideration. Various forms of career guidance with senior grade students and their effective influence of the late twenties century are revealed. Keywords: Gymnasium, pedagogical classes, secondary school, system of education, teacher staff, curricula, types of pedagogical practices | 306 | |||||
924 | The phenomenon of the “mask of normality” of mass murderers and the key elements of the destructive Columbine youth movement are investigated. The popularity of the destructive Columbine subculture among young people, its cross-border nature, the dynamics of the number of fans growth in the Russian segment of the Internet, morу frequent attempts to implement mass killings in Russian educational institutions determine the relevance of the study. Examples of studies of Columbine, psychopathies, and school shooting are given. The characteristic of the socio-psychological profile of the school shooter’s “mask of normality” is given. The “mask of normality” of a mass murderer manifests itself in a state of mental stability that occurs after a momentary release of unconscious energy. It is described that various forms of psychopathies may have blurred boundaries and possess the qualities of a “normal character”. These forms are also more common in a mixed form and may develop into a deep pathology. The diversity and instability of psychopathies makes it difficult to diagnose and assess the clinical picture and to determine a single diagnosis for the perpetrators of mass murder. Developing a standard of diagnostic tools and a legal framework for the early diagnosis of psychopathic individuals with a “mask of normality” who can potentially join the destructive subculture of Columbine remains an urgent task. Keywords: “mask of normality”, mass murders, columbine, psychopath, murderer, school shooting, the structure of the psyche, the unconscious | 306 | |||||
925 | The article analyzes the actual problems of current state of the training of teaching staff of higher scientific qualification in graduate school. The real organizational, managerial, substantive and motivational possibilities of more effective functioning of the postgraduate pedagogical profile are revealed. The issues of determining and using the integration potential of formal and non-formal education from the perspective of managing the development of pedagogical postgraduate studies are considered. The situation of resource shortage for formal education of graduate students at the pedagogical university is actualized. Among the missing resources for training highly qualified scientific personnel are noted: the weakening of research activities of universities, a decrease in the number of applicants to graduate school, the disunity of university system for training research personnel and awarding academic degrees. The characteristic features of the integration potential of the designated types of education are revealed and substantiated through the analysis of the activity of the scientific school of a teacher-researcher as an actual practice of non- formal education of graduate students, effectively complementing the formal system of training of highly qualified personnel. As the methodological basis of the research, such methods as phenomenological research, included observation, methods of humanitarian research were used, namely: the study of the experience of integration of two types of education, the identification of empirical signs of integration, their generalization, justification of the potential of such integration. The possible ways of improving the training of researchers for universities and research structures are proposed on the example of the presented experience of Tomsk State Pedagogical University. Keywords: management of education development, scientific school, graduate students, the potential of integration of formal and non-formal education | 305 | |||||
926 | In technical universities, the main source of replenishment of the teaching staff are students of this university. The issue of attracting students to scientific and scientific-pedagogical activities is relevant today. The author of the article believes that the initial stage of motivation and solving the problem with teaching staff is pedagogical practice. It is the pedagogical practice of undergraduates within the walls of an engineering university that contributes to the individual choice of a further profession, ensures the motivated involvement of students in the cognitive sphere, in the structure of both general and pedagogical education. The purpose of the article is to reveal the essence of pedagogical practice of undergraduates as an initial path for the development and formation of professional pedagogical activity of a future teacher. The scientific novelty consists in substantiating the role of pedagogical practice as the most important factor in the pre-training of pedagogical personnel. The author concludes that in order to successfully solve the problems of training pedagogical personnel in technical universities through master’s education, it is necessary: to attract undergraduate students (starting from the first courses) for professional and pedagogical training, with admission to the master’s degree; to develop an engineering core of academic disciplines, the structure of which should include pedagogical disciplines and pedagogical practice in order to motivate pedagogical activity; development of an intra-university program of step-by-step selection and training of young teachers from among undergraduates for professional and pedagogical activity and their further professional development; creation of comfortable organizational and pedagogical conditions and incentives for undergraduates to receive professional and pedagogical training. Keywords: teacher, pedagogical practice, master’s degree students, engineering personnel, scientific and pedagogical activity, higher school, technical university | 303 | |||||
927 | The article reveals the organizational and content possibilities of a pedagogical university that contribute to the professional development of young teachers. The approaches of two pedagogical universities to the organization of mentoring are described. It is indicated that a mentor in modern conditions should perform different roles: from a consultant to a tutor and a coach. As practice shows, it is the ability of a mentor to perform various roles that makes it possible to develop and expand the professional competencies of young specialists and form a stable motivation for professional activity. In Naberezhnye Chelny one of the mechanisms for mentoring is postgraduate support for young professionals. As an example of the peculiarities of the organization of mentoring in Tomsk, the experience of working together in the center of quasi-professional activity, where students can carry out professional activities in the organization of pre-school education, their first professional tests under the guidance of teachers-mentors is given. The article presents the results of a questionnaire survey of graduate groups of Naberezhnye Chelny and Tomsk State Pedagogical Universities in a comparative context. The authors concluded that different respondents, divided not only geographically, but also mentally, may have different opinions. The results of a survey of respondents from different universities can guide the teaching community to work on consolidating collegial efforts to create and implement joint projects, programs and events. Keywords: mentoring, postgraduate support, professional adaptation, questioning, young specialist, mentor qualities | 303 | |||||
928 | The issue of the use of reference chronological lines in teaching a repetitive-generalizing course of history in the 11th grade of a general education school considered as a factor contributing to the solution of practical problems in teaching history within the framework of generalizing lessons. Based on the analysis of domestic literature, the main approaches to the use of chronological lines in teaching history are established. The didactic structure of the author’s reference chronological line is presented. Its main elements and their didactic functions are described. Attention is focused on the positive effect of the synergy of the means of conditional graphic visualization - reference signals and the chronological line, in the process of teaching history. It is concluded that it is possible to build repetitive-generalizing lessons based on reference chronological lines, as well as to use them as a methodological tool for structural and functional analysis of the material when a teacher prepares a history lesson. The positive influence of the use of reference chronological lines on the formation of cognitive, logical universal educational actions of students, their generalization abilities is noted. The main lesson formats are indicated with a reference chronological line. The attention is focused on the positive effects of the use of the updated didactic structure of the chronological line in the course of the iterative-generalizing history course in high school. Keywords: chronological line, reference signals, generalizing course, senior school | 303 | |||||
929 | In the modern educational field, there is a question about the importance of educational programs in the school environment. One of the tasks of educational policy is to establish the process of transfer and assimilation of values by school students. Educational policy in China is expressed in the text of the state program “Chinese Dream”, which serves as a mechanism for building a single value space in Chinese society. The purpose of the study is to analyze the phenomenon of value texts in the space of the modern Chinese school, related to the value orientations of development and education set out in the program “Chinese Dream”. Identification of readiness to use the technology of value texts in the space of the Russian school. The scientific novelty consists in identifying the characteristic features of value texts as a socio- cultural phenomenon in educational practice, common in Chinese schools; and in a detailed study of the implementation of the national plan “Chinese Dream” in the educational sphere. Research methods: phenomenological approach and content analysis of value texts in the school space (n= 107), ascertaining research among school principals (n=66). A s a result of the study, it is proved that the values of modern Chinese society are unevenly represented in the spaces of Chinese schools. The solution to this problem can be the creation of methodological recommendations for school principals with multicultural sources of value texts for school spaces. Keywords: Value, value text, Chinese Dream, Socialist core values, educational space, phenomenon | 303 | |||||
930 | The foundations of psychological support for the adaptation process among foreign students are considered from the standpoint of the anthropo-system approach. Within the framework of this approach, it is established that psychological stress acts as a mechanism of self-development, selfrealization and personal growth of a person. In this connection, the work with the adaptation among foreign students should be focused on the development of constructive strategies, resources and skills of students to overcome emerging difficulties, methods and skills of intercultural communication, as well as on creating conditions (internal and external) for creative self-realization, which will allow students to become more sensitive and aware of their own changes, and more sensitive in relation to the capabilities of the environment. It is determined that such activity, aimed both at finding the conditions of the environment for the realization of their meanings and values, and at its active transformation, makes it possible to improve both the quality of life and the subjective well-being among young people. It is established that the main indicators of successful adaptation and the possibility of foreign students’ self-realization in the multicultural educational space of the university are subjective quality of life, positive ethnic identity and tolerance. Keywords: anthropo-system approach, psychological support, foreign students, cultural shock, adaptation, self-realization, subjective quality of life, identity | 302 | |||||
931 | The article discusses the problem of fatherhood, the dynamics of ideas about the paternal role in modern society and the attitude to parental functions on the part of men themselves. The authors consider new trends in the performance of paternal functions from the standpoint of the features of generation Y (generation Peter Pan). Based on the analysis of scientific data, the authors showed the diversity of behavior of modern fathers, traced the connection of the paternal role and real parental practices of men with socio-cultural models of masculinity. In addition, they identified the contradiction between “social infantilism” and the orientation to freedom of many representatives of the Peter Pan generation and the increase in social expectations from the male father in terms of his involvement in the process of upbringing and taking care of children. The article contains the results of a comparative study conducted in line with the emic approach of the subjective aspects of the semantic meaning of the paternal role in married men of the Peter Pan generation who perform parental functions and their childless peers, including men who consider themselves childfree. Based on the data obtained in the study, the researchers conclude that the image of the father’s role in the representations of different groups of young men has a different semantic meaning, due to their subjective experiences of real personal experience of fatherhood associated with the fact of having/not having children and the desire to have such. In addition, the authors present data on the conditioning of the subjective meaning of fatherhood in young men by the degree of satisfaction with marriage. Keywords: fatherhood, the subjective meaning of fatherhood, satisfaction with marriage, men | 300 | |||||
932 | This article reveals the understanding of the phenomenon of family identity from a pedagogical position. Family identity is considered as a person’s belonging to a family group, reflecting his commitment to family values. The importance of organizing conditions conducive to the development of the family identity of university students is substantiated. Pedagogical conditions for the development of family identity include: 1) the appeal in the educational process to the positive experience of family education and the preservation of family and family memory through the study of family history and traditions, popularization of the best experience in raising children in various families, including through the creation of a bank of artistic and documentary films promoting family values; 2) introduction of courses aimed at studying the essential characteristics of family education in the educational programs of the university; 3) organization of research work through the preparation of scientific reports; 4) creation of an electronic educational resource that provides information and methodological support for students in the field of family pedagogy (lectures, presentations, creative assignments, scientific articles, cognitive tests, surveys and methods, a bank of artistic and documentary materials recommended for study). The elements of experimental work on the implementation of the model for the formation of the family identity of future teachers are described, including the introduction of the courses “Family Pedagogy” and “Interaction between the family and the educational organization” into the educational process. Keywords: family, family identity, family values, student youth, family pedagogy | 295 | |||||
933 | The rapid advancement of digital technologies in the field of education is dictated by the relevance of the problems considered in this case. Digital literacy of physical education teachers, instructors and coaches in sports from among the teaching staff of educational organizations is the lowest. Despite the high importance of knowledge, skills, practical skills and tactical skills of mentors, digital competence has become a mandatory indicator for assessing the professional suitability of the modern education system. In modern physical culture and sports education, there are currently not enough methodological developments on the use of digital technologies. The process of digital modernization of education should be systematic and gradual, including the continuous interaction of educational organizations at all levels. It is necessary to search and classify additional innovative means and methods necessary to improve the educational process and the process of improving the sportsmanship of swimmers in the practice of professional training of students of the faculties of physical culture and sports. The study uses a theoretical analysis of scientific publications, innovative digital programs and devices that improve the efficiency of the swimming training process. Discussed are digital devices used in the training process of training swimmers from elementary to professional levels, their purpose and significance. The training process requires the search for new, original and effective ways of preparing and recovering swimmers, which have become available in the era of digital technology. It is important for teachers and trainers to master the skills of competent use of modern devices and programs that increase the effectiveness of practical exercises and rehabilitation procedures. Therefore, it is necessary to develop new approaches and solutions in the professional training of physical culture and sports specialists in a timely manner to most effectively use digitalization trends in the educational process. Keywords: digital technologies, training process, swimming training, educational technologies, mobile applications, computer programs, sensory devices, physiotherapy devices | 293 | |||||
934 | The authors have developed and tested Russian-language version of the questionnaire “Psychological Capital” (“PsyCap”) for use in higher education. This questionnaire was developed and based on the F. Lutans, K. Joseph and B. Avolio questionnaire. They created it for the needs of organizational psychology. B. Lutans, K. Lutans and S. Jensen modified it for the field of education. Psychological capital includes four parameters: self–efficacy (confidence in the successful achievement of goals and in solving problems); hope (the ability to redirect ways to achieve goals); optimism (is a positive attitude to success); resilience (is the ability to withstand difficulties). “PsyCap” questionnaires in various modifications (“PsyCap-24”, “PsyCap-12”) are widely used in modern psychology. There is no translation and adaptation of this questionnaire in Russian psychology, especially for the needs of higher education. It determined the relevance and purpose of this study. There are 130 students – future psychologists of Cherepovets State University took part in the survey. The authors checked their questionnaire and determinate it is reliability and validity. They do it by splitting the test into two parts. Authors use Cronbach’s alpha coefficient to check the internal consistency of each scale of the questionnaire, and the generalized indicator with all scales. Authors verify empirical validity by comparing the scales of the questionnaire with the results obtained using other known psychology tests. As a result, authors concluded that other researchers can use that questionnaire in the field of higher education to diagnose the psychological capital of students. Keywords: psychological capital, confidence, self-efficacy, hope, optimism, stability | 292 | |||||
935 | The article is devoted to the definition of the essence of significant methodological characteristics of scientific and pedagogical research (contradiction - problem – topic) through the substantiation of their structural and semantic integrity from the perspective of modern pedagogical science. The key requirements for the formulation of contradictions, problems and topics of dissertation research, which are important to rethink in the present situation, are analyzed and summarized. The methodological foundations of some candidate/doctoral dissertations defended over the past five years in the dissertation Council of Tomsk State Pedagogical University are considered. Examples of correctly formulated topics, contradictions and problems of research in pedagogical sciences are given, taking into account the experience of the Dissertation Council at TSPU. It is shown how the scientific correctness of these formulations affects the content of the dissertation and the quality of the scientific results achieved. The current directions of pedagogical research in the field of education sciences are highlighted. Keywords: methodological characteristics, scientific justification, actual topics of dissertation research | 292 | |||||
936 | Living in a digital society requires modern citizens to acquire various skills and abilities, the set of which constitutes digital culture and digital literacy. The definition of the concept of «digital culture competencies», a model for the development of digital culture competencies of future educators, consisting of three blocks, are proposed. The functional-target block reflects the principles, functions and purpose of its implementation. The content-technological block consists of the content, methods, means and forms of training. To develop the competencies of digital culture, the author’s computer training course «Digital culture and digital literacy of educators» has been developed and proposed. The performance-criteria block contains a description of the results of the implementation of the model, the levels of development of digital culture and diagnostic tools for assessing the competencies of digital culture of educators. The proposed structural and functional model ensures the full development of all competencies that make up the digital culture of future educators, which corresponds to the strategic direction of the development of the education system in the context of digital transformation and the interests of the individual in an actively developing digital society. Keywords: digital culture, digital literacy, competencies of digital culture, structural and functional model, digital competences, teacher, university | 291 | |||||
937 | The article considers the resource of the concept of emotional education in the process of education and personality formation. The problems that hinder the effective implementation of education issues in the system of mass education are highlighted, the importance of the built-in system of educational and upbringing activities as a single and inseparable process is emphasized. The principles on which the upbringing system is built, developed in the concept of emotional education, are presented: the fusion of teaching and upbringing through the integration of classroom and extracurricular activities; new content of education, which is based on a qualitative balance of natural science and art and aesthetic education; a multi-level model for building the educational process as an effective model for integrating general and additional education, creating space for the manifestation and development of individual abilities of students. In the process of creating an effective system of education, the position of the teacher is also noted; a variety of forms, methods, means of educational work based on self-government; the formation of the way of the school, based on the formation of tradition and symbolism. The proposed system of education and upbringing has confirmed its high efficiency in the conditions of many years of teaching practice. Keywords: the concept of emotional education, the system of education, the new content of education, a multi-level education system | 289 | |||||
938 | The article presents the study results of various types of reflection influence on the mental states of students in the course of educational activities. The authors show that modern research in this area is fragmentary and does not reveal the integral mechanism of mental regulation of human psychological states. Within the framework of the problem, highlighted the role of reflection as the most important determinant in the regulation of states, as a mediating link in the choice of optimal methods and techniques for regulation of mental states. In the course of the study, we used various methods of reflection, mental states and regulatory abilities study. The study conducted in groups of 4th year students of psychologists and mathematicians, and the entire population of subjects divided into three groups according to the level of reflexivity into low-, medium- and high reflexive students. Found that the influence of reflection on the operational methods of self-regulation is higher in more intense forms of learning activity. Revealed the leading types of reflection in connection with the methods of mental states’ self-regulation at lectures, seminars and exams. The results of the research will reveal the importance of reflection in the integral regulatory process of the subject’s life. Keywords: mental state, reflection, self-regulation method, learning activity, structure | 289 | |||||
939 | The problem of effective methodological support for teachers of rural schools is based on the diagnosis and identification of their professional deficits. The mechanisms of organizing and conducting this diagnosis, the features of the development of diagnostic materials, as well as ways of objective evaluation of its results are shown. 250 teachers (143 teachers of the Russian language and 107 teachers of mathematics) working in rural schools located on the territory of 26 municipal districts of the Republic of Bashkortostan took part in the diagnostic testing. Diagnosis of professional deficits was carried out using an online platform https://platforma.bspu.ru. The results of a comprehensive analysis of diagnosing the professional competencies of teachers of the Russian language and Mathematics in rural schools are presented (on the example of the Republic of Bashkortostan). The influence of teaching experience and qualification categories on the results of diagnostics is presented. The professional deficiencies identified during the diagnostics and their significance in the professional activities of teachers of Mathematics and the Russian language are described. The systematic problem of methodological in competencies of teachers in rural schools has been identified and possible ways to solve them by providing targeted methodological assistance and designing individual tracks of personal growth have been identified. Keywords: professional deficit of a teacher, pedagogical diagnostics, individual trajectory of teacher growth, subject and methodological competencies of a teacher | 286 | |||||
940 | The problem of formation of readiness of future primary school teachers to use distance learning technologies is considered. Based on the analysis of the results of the survey of bachelors studying in the field of study 44.03.05 Pedagogical Education, the relevance of the formation of students’ professional competencies in the field of creating and using digital educational resources for organizing distance learning in elementary school is substantiated. The goals and key stages of the formation of bachelors’ professional knowledge and skills necessary for the successful application of the main forms of distance education are identified: offline (asynchronous), online (synchronous), online + offline (mixed). The article provides examples of analytical, design and constructive tasks that can improve the level of professional training of bachelors in the use of various platforms for productive interaction, as well as learn how to evaluate the capabilities of various ready-made learning task services in distance education. Particular attention is paid to the ways of preparing future teachers for the implementation of distance learning of junior schoolchildren with disabilities (HIA). The advantages of the synchronous form of distance education in enhancing the mental activity of younger schoolchildren with various health pathologies, as well as the possibility of building an individual trajectory for the development of the personality of a student with disabilities, are highlighted. Keywords: distance educational technologies, preparation of bachelors of primary education | 284 | |||||
941 | The article actualizes the problem of ongoing changes in the value orientations of young people in the modern information society, which sets the task of studying this process. The text defines the understanding of the essence of the category “value”, reveals philosophical, sociological, psychological and pedagogical approaches to its definition. Special attention is paid to the description of traditional values, which acquire special significance in a situation of impermanence, uncertainty characteristic of modern society and the entire world space, since it is traditional culture that largely supports stability and order as the basis for the functioning of any society. The article provides a typology of traditional values and reveals approaches to their content. The article describes the innovative social values that have emerged in connection with the processes of digitalization taking place in society, which include information, knowledge, intellectual capital, virtual reality. The features of interference (interaction) of traditional and innovative values are revealed. The possibilities of using Internet technologies in order to establish a dialogical interaction of values are analyzed, at the same time attention is drawn to the need for real communication of subjects of life activity aimed at understanding the ongoing transformational processes in the field of value orientations. The task of the need to find a mechanism for the dialogical coexistence of two value systems, an adequate choice of the appropriation of innovative values by a person, taking into account the preservation of relevant traditions and spirituality, is posed. The solution of this problem is connected, on the one hand, with the comprehension of traditional values, and, on the other hand, the development of critical thinking in the younger generation, which provides the ability to analyze incoming value-relevant information, realize, give it an adequate assessment, make informed decisions, on the basis of which to form a morally justified attitude to certain values, relevant to modern society and meeting the principles of universal morality and on their basis to build their behavior. Keywords: values, traditions, traditional values, innovative values, information society, information, virtual space, interference of values, the younger generation | 278 | |||||
942 | The article considers project competence as a component of educational competence and a necessary component of professional competence of a teacher. Based on the theoretical analysis, the definition of the project competence and the project competence of the teacher, the stages of the formation of the project competence of students – future teachers in the educational space of the university is proposed. The content of educational (introductory), educational (design-technological) and production (design-technological) summer practices of students is described. A study is described to assess the effectiveness of practices of 1-2 courses and their impact on the formation of students’ project competence. The main method of research we chose an expert assessment of the main components of students’ project competence: the ability to design activities (analyze information, formulate a problem, set a goal for project activities, plan activities and design the final product); the ability to organize project activities (implement project activities, monitor and adjust project activities, evaluate the result); the ability to communicate effectively (organize and plan educational collaboration) and creativity. Analysis of the results of the study showed that without specially organized purposeful work (students of the control (KG) group) project competence is not formed, and students of the experimental (EG) group there have been significant changes in all components of project competence under the influence of the educational and production practices implemented by us. Conclusion. Educational (introductory), educational (design and technological) and production (design and technological) practices are an effective method of forming the project competence of future teachers and thereby affect the development of educational and professional, in general, the competence of future teachers. Keywords: project competence, educational (introductory) practice, educational (design and technological) practice, production (design and technological) practice, pedagogical prodject | 278 | |||||
943 | The digitalization of the education system poses several issues for interaction between teachers and students: mastering modern digital tools and resources, the safety of working on the Internet, education and self-education using information technology. These issues are especially acute in the process of organizing the education of children of primary school age. There must be teachers next to schoolchildren who are ready to form the digital literacy of students and who are able to provide digital mentoring. The goal is to analyze the results of diagnostics of teachers on the level of digital literacy development, the model of digital mentoring they implement, and its impact on the process of developing digital literacy among primary school students. The study is conducted based on the data obtained during the approbation by teachers of schools in the Perm Territory of the results of previous applied research on the development of functional literacy of students in the framework of the implementation of educational programs “Digital Literacy of Primary School Students” (State task No. 07-00080-21-02 dated August 18th, 2021, registry entry number 730000Ф.99.1). The study used such methods as the method of continuous correspondence survey, the descriptive method, the extrapolation method, as well as analysis, synthesis and generalization of the obtained data. During the first part of the survey, it was revealed that all respondents have fragmented, unsystematic ideas about the digital literacy of younger students. They may sometimes use this occasional knowledge in their professional activities while experiencing an urgent need for motivational tools and avoiding responsibility for the use of digital tools in their activities. More than 70% of teachers choose the “learning together” mentoring model. The model is characterized by: teachers’ awareness of the high potential of digital technologies; occasional use of digital tools in practical activities; understanding of the importance of cooperation with colleagues while working with digital technologies. The research shows the direct relationship between the levels of digital literacy of a mentor and a student: the higher the level of digital competencies of a teacher, the higher the likelihood of early involvement of students in digital technologies. The stated hypothesis about the systemic knowledge of teachers involved in the project on digital literacy of primary school students, and their use of different models of digital mentoring in their work, was partially confirmed. The issues of systematic knowledge about digital resources and readiness to use digital tools in the educational process in primary school require further study. Keywords: digital literacy, digital mentoring, primary school student | 278 | |||||
944 | A new role of a university teacher who begins to act for students as a curator-mentor is considered. Its characteristics are analyzed, which are becoming the most in demand at the present time in connection with the actualization of the problems of increasing the activity and involvement of all students in various types of activities (scientific, project, etc.) and increased attention to the individual support of the professional development of each student. Mentoring is described as a promising form of curatorship at a university that allows you to transfer knowledge and develop the necessary skills faster than traditional ways of interaction. Unlike the usual curator, the activity of the mentor is based on interaction, allowing the student to develop his subjective potential. The purpose of the article is to determine the psychological indicators of satisfaction with the interaction of students with curators and their empirical study in practice. The materials of an empirical study obtained on a sample of students (n=300) on the basis of the Tula State Lev Tolstoy Pedagogical University. Research methods: theoretical, empirical (questionnaires, scale estimates, ranking), data processing methods. The value judgments of students who have already had experience of interacting with a curator-mentor are revealed, a graphical profile is constructed based on arithmetic mean data regarding their satisfaction with various functions performed by traditional curators and curators-mentors, a rating of the most demanded functions of a curator-mentor is compiled. The results of the study can be used in the development of the institution of curatorship in universities from the perspective of different roles performed by modern teachers, when designing the activities of curators with students. Keywords: professional roles of a university teacher, curator, mentoring, curator functions, university students, interaction, psychological indicators, satisfaction | 278 | |||||
945 | The problem of the need to intensify channels and forms of interaction with foreign students at Russian universities is indicated. Today the universities are designed not only to conduct research and teach, but also to influence the improvement of the cultural and socio-economic status of their region and the whole world. It is proved that the third mission of the university today implies the creation of the image of Russia as a partner aimed at dialogue in equal conditions, striving for the security of all participants in the world process, the condition of which is multipolarity. The conditions of the diversity of cultures that takes place at universities make possible to highlight the country’s position in front of representatives of other countries – foreign students. The role of intercultural competence as one of the most important skills of the XXI century is emphasized. In the face of growing uncertainty on the world stage, universities should take over the formation of intercultural competence. This is the mission of forming goodwill and tolerance towards representatives of different peoples, serving international understanding and cooperation. It is proved that one should not limit oneself to the process of adaptation to another culture based on the assimilation of new cultural norms and the formation of the ability to bring one’s behavioral reactions in line with them. It is necessary to form a new type of personality, mastering new cultural codes. Such a person feels comfortable in any crosscultural collective and knows ways to self-actualize himself in it. To do this, it is advisable for students to show examples of new ways of intensive interaction at the intersection of various cultural paradigms. Keywords: third mission of the university, intercultural communication, cultural code, adaptation, cross-cultural communication club, cross-cultural training | 277 | |||||
946 | Psychological well-being is an indicator of the realization of the potential of personal development. Psychological well-being is associated with the activity of the subject and requires special attention to the content of the activity. Age-psychological specifity of adolescence and youth is defined by selfdetermination and self-realization processes and personal subject’s activity becomes an important factor. Volunteer activity as a voluntary activity to help those in need provides ample opportunities for self-realization of the individual. The purpose of this research is to study the characteristics of the psychological well-being of adolescents with different experience and motivation for volunteering. The study involved 329 adolescents aged 14-18, of which 57.4 % were boys and 42.6 % were girls. The main hypothesis of the study was the assumption that the participation and motivation of youth volunteering are associated with a higher level of psychological well-being. Three methods were used: E. Clary’s Volunteering Motivation Questionnaire, the Warwick-Edinburgh Psychological Well-Being Scale, and the S. Lovibond Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale. The results obtained allowed us to draw the following conclusions. Various components of psychological well-being are associated with the experience and motivation of volunteering. Gender differences were found in the nature of the relationship between the level of psychological well-being and participation and motivation for volunteering. Keywords: psychological well-being, volunteering, youth | 277 | |||||
947 | Teenagers’ parents experience objective difficulties in communicating with their adolescent children. They are in need for tools that can help to overcome the problems of teen-parent communication by developing the culture of experience in the child-parent relationship. Discussion practices used in a parent film club can be considered a resource that helps parents to discuss their acute problems in a safe environment, as well as to clarify possible solutions to problematic situations in their relationships with teenage children. The authors developed a methodology for club meetings, a film club program, and piloted it in 2020-2022. The following discussion methods are presented in detail in the article: polylogue, non-evaluating interview, amplification of meanings, «hat of questions». Examples of their usage are given. The results of the film club work were collected in a questionnaire. The generalized analysis of the feedback from participants is presented. As a result, we come to the conclusion that a group form of presentation of participants’ observations, emotions and reflections within discussion practices of a youth TV-series creates an effective basis for developing parents’ culture of experience. The condition to achieve this result in a film club is creating a common problem-semantic field of a group for a film, which is possible through suggested discussion practices. Keywords: culture of experience, discussion practices, problem-semantic field, child-parent relationships, adolescence, film club, youth series | 274 | |||||
948 | The issue of professional development of heads of educational organizations is being updated in connection with the release of a new professional standard “Head of an educational organization (management of a preschool educational organization and a general educational organization)”. The research program is presented with the substantiation of the sample constructed according to the criterion of the maximum number of resilient schools in the regions according to the PISA model. An analysis of the results of a sociological survey of school principals from 21 constituent entities of the Russian Federation on participation in various forms of vocational training “before” and “after” appointment to a position, on the preference for choosing a form of professional development, on the subject of advanced training and professional retraining programs, on the respondents’ assessment of the degree of need in improving their professional competence. Conclusions are drawn on changing the content of the training of heads of general educational organizations: from management, organization and personnel management to pedagogical leadership, as a resource for the development of the general education system in the format of management practices with a focus on the achievements of the educational environment, improving the quality of education. Recommendations are given on the development of a personalized system of advanced training for heads of general educational organizations, and on the development of a mechanism for spending non-budgetary funds of an educational organization on additional professional training for heads. Keywords: professional development, leader, educational organization, sociological survey | 272 | |||||
949 | This article discusses the concepts of “competence” and “competence task”, attention to which is due to the emergence of a new educational paradigm reflecting the practical orientation of the content of education. The priority is not the development of subject knowledge, skills and abilities, but the systematic and harmonious development of the student’s personality, mastering basic competencies. The analysis of pedagogical sources revealed the problem of the lack of a fullfledged competence-oriented educational and methodological support for the educational subject “Literature”, which indicates the relevance of developments in this area. Widely presented in modern school programs, Yuletide prose is a rich source of cultural information. It allows students to learn the facts of the material and spiritual culture of the people, history, mythological and religious beliefs, philosophy, morality, national way of thinking, which contributes to the formation of students’ necessary personal, meta-subject and subject competencies. Considering the main characteristics of the competence task, the author offers an approximate version of such a task based on the material of O. Henry’s Christmas story “The Gift of the Magi”, as well as criteria for evaluating the quality of its performance. In the future, the research is a methodical description of such tasks based on the methodological matrix of the case study. Keywords: competence approach, competence, competence task, Christmas prose, O. Henry | 271 | |||||
950 | Analysis of interdisciplinary connections in preparation for a new form of state final certification, the demonstration exam WorldSkills Russia (WSR) in the system of secondary vocational education is the purpose of the article. The professional training of paramedical personnel, in accordance with the state policy in the field of training specialists of the secondary vocational education system, is associated with improving the quality of education and passing a new form of state final certification – the WorldSkills Russia (WSR) championship standards exam. An integral part of professional training in medical specialties is the discipline “Chemistry”. With the reduction of hours in chemistry, it is necessary to reform the methodological support. For example, the training of a laboratory diagnostician or a pharmacist changes the types of activities (educational, scientific, research). The use of intersubject communications has been expanded. Professional and supraprofessional competencies are formed. The practical experience of the WS competitive movement is the goal. The main didactic principles (scientific, visual, accessible, and others) of the subjects “Chemistry”, “Biochemistry”, “Analytical Chemistry” reflect the development of these sciences for students, contribute to the expansion of scientific knowledge and its synergy. Integration of MOOC resources into the learning environment of the system of secondary vocational education in blended learning, the use of a task system for preparing for WSR exams in the pre-class, classroom and post-class phases, based on interdisciplinary connections is shown. The conditions for preparing a mid-level specialist for a new form of state final certification according to WorldSkills Russia standards have been created. Keywords: chemistry, interdisciplinary communications, Worldskills Russia, system of secondary vocational education | 270 |