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851 | This article is devoted to considering a range of issues related to the search for ways to improve the educational process in military higher educational institutions (HEIs) through the use of training teaching methods. The relevance of this problem is determined by the specifics and the highest level of complexity of modern problematic military-political situations and trends in their development. In this regard, very high requirements are imposed on the level of morale and combat qualities of the current Armed Forces of the Russian Federation and future military personnel. Satisfaction of these requirements is possible provided that the effectiveness of the educational process in military universities is increased, including through the use of training teaching methods. The main task and goal of the educational process of a military university is the formation of a whole complex of qualities in servicemen, which, in addition to moral, professional-combat and physical, include psychological qualities: developed perception, thinking, attention, memory, emotional and volitional stability. The level of psychological readiness of modern cadets of military universities determines their ability to adequately assess any situation, including a conflict one, to navigate in it, and independently make responsible decisions. The feasibility of widespread use in the educational process of training teaching methods is due to their high potential in ensuring psychological readiness, in the formation and development of psychological mechanisms for managing their behavior in stressful situations. Due to the specific content and organizational form, training is an effective means of forming and improving professionally significant qualities of future military personnel, a means of intensive training in behavior in conflict situations. It is obvious that the systematic use of trainings in the educational process of a military higher educational institution, the provision and observance of certain conditions during their organization and implementation can be a rather effective way of increasing the effectiveness of military education in general. Keywords: modern educational technologies, conflict, military university, psychology, training, cadets, conflict, group classes, groups | 388 | |||||
852 | Modern educational realities are such that the teacher must be ready for constant self-improvement, self-education in the field of professional activity. Changes in the content, technological, evaluative components of the educational process require the teacher to update and refresh the methodology of teaching the subject, which can cause certain difficulties. The purpose of the study is to determine the list of methodological difficulties for mathematics teachers and their causes based on the diagnosis of methodological competencies. To achieve this goal, both theoretical and empirical research methods were used. In the course of the research carried out by the authors, a number of methodological competencies of a mathematics teacher were identified – components of his professional competence: he is able to design the results of teaching mathematics in accordance with the current educational standards; is able to design the content of teaching mathematics, focused on the achievement of educational results by various categories of students; is able to design educational and cognitive activities of students in the process of teaching mathematics in accordance with modern requirements and on the basis of variable forms of its organization; is able to objectively assess the educational results of students’ mathematical training. The level of formation of these competencies was diagnosed through diagnostic work, self-assessment and expert assessment of the teacher’s activities. A number of methodological difficulties that teachers experience in the implementation of the process of teaching mathematics in modern conditions were identified. Possible reasons for the identified difficulties are identified and some recommendations for their elimination are indicated. Keywords: methodological competencies, mathematics teachers, professional difficulties of teachers, mathematical training of students | 387 | |||||
853 | The problems of environmental safety competence formation among the cadets of the logistics faculty are considered. The definition of environmental safety competence is conducted. Based on the research of Russian authors, there are three main components of the competence of environmental safety: cognitive, as a system of environmental knowledge; value-motivational, expressed in the awareness of the importance of preserving the environment and natural resources; activity-practical, manifested in the ability to solve practically arising environmental problems. The main academic subjects are analyzed, during mastering of which the competences necessary for environmental protection in the performance of official duties are developed. An analysis was carried out on the basis of which it was established that the list of competencies formed as a result of mastering a professional educational program in the specialty 56.05.01 Logistics does not include the competence of environmental safety. Educational disciplines have been established, the study of which contributes to the formation of a worldview, knowledge, abilities, skills, experience to ensure environmental safety. It is necessary to conduct a study in order to obtain answers to the following questions: how to measure the competence of environmental safety among cadets and how to ensure the formation of competence in environmental safety of graduates. Keywords: environmental safety, competence, environmental safety competence, cadet, officer | 386 | |||||
854 | The article discusses the issue of the formation of social and informational competence of students (who are trained in secondary specialized educational institutions - colleges) of pedagogical specialties in the implementation of the components of media education. The characteristic of social and informational competence is given, methods of using the components of media education in the system of secondary specialized education are described. Possible ways of forming competence are presented, main directions of work are named. The article defines the components of the model for the formation of social and information competence. The characteristics of the pedagogical conditions that must be observed for the formation of social and informational competence in students in the process of implementing the educational process are given. Highlighted such pedagogical conditions as organizational - the specifics of the organization of the educational environment and its equipment; internal position and motives of the student; accounting for the content and variability of educational and program documentation. The main directions of modernization of the educational process are named: the adjustment of curricula, the introduction of modules aimed at the formation of a high level of social and informational competence among students of pedagogical specialties. The role of the teacher in the formation of the competence of students is characterized, the activities of the school of professional skills for teachers are described. The features of the current certification using WorldSkills standards are disclosed. Keywords: social and information competence, media education, self-education, diversification, modular approach, Internet resources | 386 | |||||
855 | The article presents the rationale, the development and results of testing of educational material on the topic “Training of highly qualified athletes” for academic disciplines in power sports, pedagogical physical culture and sports improvement taught at universities and at the faculties of physical culture and sports. The rationale for the content of the educational topic is based on scientific and methodological approaches to the planning of training loads in sports, theories and methods of sports training. The methodology of training highly qualified athletes according to the “pyramid” system is used in many sports, such as weightlifting, sambo, swimming, etc., but this system has not been used in kettlebell lifting, therefore it requires its own justification. From all of the above, the study of the training methodology for qualified high-skilled kettlebell lifters at the pre-competition stage is quite relevant. A program has been developed for training qualified guards on the preset stage according to the Pyramid system. The percentage ratio of the volume of general physical and special physical training and tonnage of the main and auxiliary exercises on the preset stage is determined. The effectiveness of the developed program for the preparation of qualified guards on the preset stage on the Pyramid system was experimentally proved. The educational material, theoretically substantiated, developed and tested in the training process of kettlebell lifters, is introduced into the content of the educational topic “Training of highly qualified athletes” of disciplines taught at the faculties of physical culture and sports. Keywords: vocational training, qualified weights, preset stage, exercise stress, physical preparedness | 385 | |||||
856 | The current situation is characterized by changes in various spheres of human life, leading to a significant restructuring of his activities, condition. People react differently to changes. They plunge some into a state of stress, confusion about the future, while others are mobilized, put in front of the need for change. The different position and behavior of a person in a situation of change are largely determined by the resources that a person possesses. In this situation, the problem of studying the self-regulation of the individual, his active life position in the changing conditions of study, work and everyday life becomes relevant. The subject of discussion is increasingly the question of what can serve as psychological resources for a person in a situation of transitivity. This question is especially relevant in relation to students, their personal readiness for activity. Students of Tomsk universities took part in the presented study (N=263). It used regression and cluster analysis. The results of the study showed that emotional intelligence, motivation, values of preservation, values of openness, goal-setting and reflection should be considered as psychological resources of personal readiness for students’ activities. The results of the study have theoretical and practical significance. They actualize the issue of taking into account the competencies of future specialists who will have to work in new conditions. The results of the study indicate that the professional training of specialists should include not only the acquisition of fundamental knowledge and professional skills, but also the development of personality in the educational process. Keywords: personal readiness for activity, psychological resources, students, motivation, value orientations, emotional intelligence, goal setting, reflection | 385 | |||||
857 | The article examines the problem of developing and testing the complex of mnemonic techniques «Synesthete» within the framework of introducing the training course «Fundamentals of mnemonics» into the educational process of schools and universities. The problem of teaching mnemonic technicians is relevant for domestic and foreign psychological and pedagogical science and educational practice, since the reproduction of a large amount of educational (scientific) information requires the use of students’ memory resources, and against the background of the existing shortage of special methods and techniques of memorization, this process becomes ineffective. The theoretical basis of the research is work in the field of neuropsychology, psychophysiology, neuropedagogy, neurodidactics. Particular attention is paid to the study of the phenomenon of synesthesia. The results of the use of this complex is the development of students – the ability and willingness to activate visual, auditory and kinesthetic memory in the perception, preservation, processing and reproduction of educational information. High results are achieved by students who are creative and create their own systems for more rational work of memory, based on taking into account their own neuropsychological characteristics – the modality of internal experience. The «Synesthete» complex complements and promotes the development of the main methods of mnemonics, such as: the method of associative connections; the method of «Places» for writing texts; eidotechnics; the method of memorizing numerical information and mathematical (chemical, physical) formulas, historical dates; the method of memorizing foreign words. Keywords: neuropsychology, neurodidactics, mnemonics, synesthesia, synesthetic abilities, modality of internal experience, students | 384 | |||||
858 | The importance of social education of the younger generation is actualized. The necessity of involving children and adolescents in social and creative activities, mastering the experience of constructive interaction with the surrounding reality is substantiated. The value of additional education in the implementation of social education of students is shown. Its value status is noted, seen in the unique social practice of building up the motivational potential of the child’s personality to cognition and creativity, the formation of the experience of social and creative activity. The goal is to identify the optimal ways of forming the experience of social and creative activity of students in additional education (on the example of the experience of MBUDO “Children’s School of Arts no. 2 named after V. P. Trifonov” in Vologda). The methods of the theoretical level are used, among which the priority is the analysis of scientific literature on the problem under study, generalization, systematization. The research materials are the results of the implementation of a comprehensive education program “Republic of a young volunteer” on the basis of MBUDO “Children’s School of Arts no. 2 named after V. P. Trifonov” in Vologda. It was revealed that the formation of the experience of social and creative activities of students of additional education should be carried out in the course of organizing communication, interaction with people, socially transforming activities. It is important to involve the younger generation in children’s public organizations, volunteer activities, creating conditions for the practical implementation of social initiatives, including children, teachers and parents, as well as a wide range of the public in real social practice. Collective and creative affairs, social actions, socially significant projects provide ample opportunities for children to play various social roles, thereby actively participating in social life and the process of its transformation. Keywords: social education of students, experience, social and creative activity, experience of social and creative activity, additional education | 384 | |||||
859 | The article considers the issue of the individual educational trajectory of employees of specialized correctional institutions as one of the conditions for their professional development. Currently, there are new technologies, tools, as well as ways for self-development and self-education of the individual. These include: “individual educational trajectory”. The concept of “educational trajectory” and “individual educational trajectory” is analyzed. It is noted that the professional activity of employees with convicts-former employees of courts and law enforcement agencies has a number of specific features. Consequently, an employee of a correctional institution for the maintenance of this category of convicts is placed in the conditions of the need for constant systematic work on himself, on improving his professionalism, in order to satisfy the state and public demand. The structure of the individual educational trajectory of employees working in correctional institutions for the detention of convicts – former employees of courts and law enforcement agencies is a relationship of components: target, content, technological, diagnostic, organizational and pedagogical. It is emphasized that the effectiveness of the implementation of an individual approach, the creation of individual educational trajectories for improving the professionalism of employees is determined in the process of joint interaction between educational and practical departments. The implementation of an individual educational trajectory will help to improve the effectiveness of professional activities of employees in working with convicts – former employees of courts and law enforcement agencies. In this case, the educational trajectory of an employee of a specialized correctional institution will act as one of the important conditions for improving the professionalism of employees of the penal enforcement system working with convicts-former employees of courts and law enforcement agencies. Keywords: educational trajectory, individual educational trajectory, employees of specialized institutions, convicts-former employees of courts and law enforcement agencies | 384 | |||||
860 | The article presents the study of the sovereignty of the psychological space of the individual, the function of its boundary and the level of subjective control in married couples with different family experience. The research is based on the modern methods of T. S. Levy, S. K. Nartova-Bochaver, using which we continued to study the phenomenon of personal space, its boundary from the point of view of the subject-environment approach. The study of the psychological boundary of a person’s personal space is a topical topic not only within the individual, but also in the problems of family relations. The family is the primary element of the social space that forms the content characteristics of the personal space of a person who in the future, creating his family, forms such a space for his children. The most important characteristic of psychological space is the integrity of its boundaries. The presence of a holistic psychological space plays an important role in family relationships. The study involved married couples with different experience of family life: less than 7 years and more than 7 years, a total of 110 people. Differences in the «sovereignty of social ties», violations of the boundaries of the physical «I», the territorial integrity of families with different life experience are established. This study continues a series of studies on the specifics of the psychological space of the individual not only in the subjects of the educational sphere of school, university, but also in adult respondents. Keywords: psychological space of the individual, functions of the border, subjective control, experience of family life | 383 | |||||
861 | The article presents the analysis of sociological, philosophical, cultural and psychological studies of the problem of transforming value orientations among Russian youth, which today is an indicator of social and economic developments in our country over the past 10–20 years. The conclusion was made about the influence of numerous factors on the formation of value orientations and their transformation among Russian youth in the situation of uncertainty of social phenomena in the worldview, their influence on the formation of personality. The article focused on the influence of the socio-cultural factor, since relations between people in society were regulated and changed under the influence of, first of all, cultural values that were characteristic of a given ethnic group. The phenomenon of cultural globalization had also been analysed; based on the analysis of scientific points of view, it is noted that on the one hand it contributed to the strengthening of relations between peoples and their cultures, and on the other hand, the crowding out of high culture and the formation of the dominance of mass culture, leads to the destruction of cultural diversity and traditional value guidelines. An ambiguous assessment of globalization processes for the current system of values in society is given; globalization and the associated virtualization of public life could pose a great danger to society. In that connection, an analysis had been made of studies revealing the rationalization of relations in the modern world; the problem of crowding out the spiritual and moral component in a rationally built relationship; The idea of focusing attention in the younger generation on the formation of responsibility for their actions was expressed; problem of finding ways of optimal preservation of traditions and creation of conditions for introduction of innovations in sociocultural environment is outlined. Keywords: value orientations, values, youth, transformation, factor, tradition, culture, cultural systems, inter-cultural interaction, socialization, globalization | 383 | |||||
862 | The article marked the problem of formation of initial reading and writing skills during the period of literacy training for first-graders, associated with the inconsistency of teaching methods based on the principle of mechanical copying of the teacher’s actions, prevailing sound and letter analyses over the other ways and methods of the work, which does not correspond to the functional. The author of the article proposed the technology of integrated teaching, tested in practice, in teaching first-graders to sounds and letters based on a reasonable combination of logical and conceptual methods of organizing the study of educational material in combination with artistic and figurative methods inherent in art pedagogy (stimulating emotional response, including in the work all the analyzing systems: auditory, speech-motor, motor, visual), creative art-figurative tasks are proposed with examples of their implementation in the practice of teaching literacy. Thanks to the reliance on the principle of integration and the use of artistic-figurative methods of organizing cognition, by the end of the first year of study, most first-graders show an interest in reading, speech activity, independence in judgments, statements with meaningful words coming from themselves, the need to express themselves even when they are not asked questions, welldeveloped imagination as the basis of creativity. Keywords: literacy training, speech development, phonematic hearing, image of sound and letter, integrative teaching | 382 | |||||
863 | The growing number of foreign students in Russian universities requires the search and development of new ways to optimize their educational process in educational institutions of our country. An important element of training in Russian universities is the physical education of students, ensuring the preservation of their health and maintaining an optimal functional state and working capacity. Physical education of university students is implemented in training classes on physical culture. The low motivation of foreign students to engage in physical culture requires the use of innovative approaches in the educational process. One of these approaches is the use of a point-rating system for monitoring and evaluating students’ knowledge, skills and abilities. In this regard, the issues of motivation of foreign students to engage in physical culture at the university are updated on the basis of the use of a point-rating assessment system. Keywords: foreign students, physical education, physical culture classes, motivation, innovative methods, point-rating system | 379 | |||||
864 | Within the framework of the inclusive approach, the leading regulatory and legal documents of the Russian Federation are highlighted, the purpose of which is to provide opportunities for quality education to every child. Innovative educational processes associated with the emergence of children with special educational needs in the environment of typically developing peers are particularly noted. Using a comparative-historical approach, the author examines the development and transformation of the Montessori method in Russia: from active propaganda and acceptance to complete denial. The article describes the changes in the understanding of the Montessori method in Russia, its critical understanding by leading Russian teachers. The results of the methodological study of the key principles and approaches of Montessori pedagogy are presented. The article describes the main trends in the development of modern Montessori educational institutions abroad. The current experience of the Montessori space of the Netherlands, Germany, and the United States is considered. The general educational vector of modern Montessori pedagogy is highlighted: moving away from the closed system of special schools to an open system of education that meets the norms of a civilized society with the inclusion of people with special needs in development. Examples of complex educational Montessori institutions, a unique system of training and advanced training of Montessori teachers, Montessori that solve the problems of tolerant attitude to people with special needs in development are given. Within the framework of global trends, the specifics of the revival of Montessori pedagogy in modern Russia are identified. In the focus of Russian education, human functioning becomes important, and every child is important. Therefore, the idea of joint education of children with different levels of development, the idea of an inclusive approach, stands out. The transformation of the Montessori method is presented as a departure from special pedagogy for mentally retarded children to full-fledged inclusion through the creation of a prepared environment, joint training and the formation of a special worldview of the teacher. Keywords: montessori pedagogy, humanistic pedagogy, self-development, free education, coeducation, inclusion | 379 | |||||
865 | The article deals with the problem of actualizing personality-oriented approaches in the system of higher music education as a strategy driven by the challenges of modern culture. It is noted that today the professional environment requires, in addition to mastering performing skills, the formation of the ability for self-development, self-actualization, independent choice of strategies for creative development, adaptive and communication skills and abilities. The constructing by the teacher, together with the student, of an individually creative trajectory of the development of a musician-performer is assessed as a way to achieve these goals. The concept of «individual professional and creative developmental trajectory» of a student as musician-performer through the synthesis of professional and creative competencies and the availability of soft skills has been explicated. The authors propose possible approaches to achieving the set educational goals through the creation of social and pedagogical conditions, such as the primary diagnosis of the student’s musical performance level, the creation of «educational and creative situations», the development by the university the integrated formats of studies, the organization of all types of practices in the context of an individual development trajectory, independent work of a student as a tool for updating the process of forming competencies. The article considers and analyzes the peculiarities of preparation of a musician-performer from the viewpoint of building the dynamics of the learning process as a movement from «subjectobject » to «subject-subject» interactions in the «teacher-student» dyad, which is based on the principle of student-centered educational process. The article suggests and describes possible strategies for building the educational process, the core of which is personalization and self-actualization of the creative potential of a musician-performer; development of motivation for self-organization, self-education, self-development in the preparation of a student; focus on productive adaptation in a professional environment, which involves the integration of professional performing skills and soft skills; unity of preserving domestic traditions of music education and openness to the dynamics of innovative educational strategies. Keywords: music education, individual professional and creative trajectory of student development, competence-based approach, subjectivity, soft skills, educational environment of the university | 378 | |||||
866 | The article presents the results of the study that touched upon the actual problem of the system of professional legal education – the degree of specialist’s compliance with the requirements of the labor market as well as the improvement of the quality of their practical training. The aim of the study is to scientifically substantiate the effectiveness of practiceoriented technologies in the educational process of the college in order to successfully adapt future lawyers in professional activities. The main method of research is a pedagogical experiment, the purpose of which is approbation of the developed author’s methodology. Also, the study used methods of analysis and generalization, questioning, testing, pedagogical observation and methods of mathematical statistics. The presented practice-oriented technologies are aimed at mastering students’ professional competencies and provide for the gradual passage of three modules by the student: goal-setting of didactic cycles, selection of optimal means taking into account peculiarities of the training stage, implementation of educational activity characterized by integration of project and problem-based technologies while observing conditions of differentiated training. According to the results obtained during the implementation of the pedagogical experiment, the introduction of practice-oriented technologies in the educational process of training college students of future lawyers, providing for the gradual development of knowledge and skills, allowed to form the basic professional competencies of students at a reliable level. Thus, the use of activity and interactive methods in the learning process, the introduction of simulation modeling and design, as well as technology for solving situational tasks can be considered as an effective tool for shaping students’ professional-oriented skills and abilities. Keywords: professional activity, quality of education, college students, educational process, practice-oriented technology | 378 | |||||
867 | Self-esteem, being a component of the personality structure, influences the entire activity of the subject, both the process and its result. The educational process in a higher educational institution is no exception. Despite the difference in approaches to understanding its definition, structure, presented in the theoretical part of the article, scientists agree on one thing. Performing various functions – evaluative, control, stimulating, blocking and protective, etc., self-esteem mobilizes and reveals the intellectual and creative potential of a person. Consequently, a person with an adequately high self-esteem will be proactive and competitive in the labor market. They develop spontaneously, due to the study of information and interaction with the reference group. However, since self-esteem influences the activity, then it will also influence the activity of students, the result of which is the current performance of students of the Humanities Institute (GumI). In the process of mastering a profession, under the influence of learning to use mental operations, features characteristic of students begin to appear. They develop spontaneously, due to the study of information and interaction with the reference group. However, since self-esteem influences the activity, then it will also influence the activity of students, the result of which is the current performance of students of the Humanities Institute (GumI). An analysis of the results obtained using several methods showed that students of different courses and directions of the humanitarian institute have significantly excellent component expression of selfesteem, as well as the relationship of its parameters with current academic performance. Keywords: self-assessment, academic performance, student, educational and professional activity, university graduate | 378 | |||||
868 | The problem of the development of social innovations, including in the field of education, has acquired unprecedented theoretical and practical significance in the last decade. This is due to the transition to the formation of a modern society, the development of which is based on knowledge and the financial crisis of 2008. Social innovations change established social practices, are mainly implemented in the form of projects, the content of which is aimed at solving socially significant social problems, and need to be managed at all stages of the life cycle (from idea to diffusion). In educational organizations, to ensure the diffusion of social innovations in the field of education, it is advisable to use mentoring. Based on the analysis of successful cases of diffusion of social innovations in the educational sphere, the article examines mentoring as: a) preparing the teaching staff for changes in social practice; b) a mechanism for restoring the context of social innovation and its reproduction; c) an asset of an educational organization working in the markets “without money”; d) a mechanism for the reproduction of teaching staff. The importance of a three-component mentoring system in an educational organization is substantiated: mentoring for mentors, mentoring for teachers and mentoring students. The materials of the article can become the basis for continuing research on the diffusion of social innovations in the field of education and the transformation of the existing mentoring systems in educational organizations. Keywords: social innovation, diffusion of social innovation, educational organizations, mentoring, professional development, teaching staff | 377 | |||||
869 | The current state of the problem of developing the resilience of the individual at the stage of mastering the future profession is relevant for optimizing and increasing the effectiveness of the process of education and upbringing in higher education. The level of resilience of young people is closely related to the nature of the course of the adaptation process, including the formation of coping behavior skills. The purpose of the study: to test and substantiate the existence of a relationship between resilience and coping behavior strategies among students of different ages. The study of the relationship between resilience and coping behavior strategies among students of different ages was conducted on a sample of students from the Tula State Pedagogical University. L.N. Tolstoy at the age of 18 to 24, in the amount of 67 people. S. Muddy’s hardiness test and Lazarus’ Methods of Coping Behavior Questionnaire (WSQ) were used as diagnostic material. Statistical data processing was carried out using SPSS Statistics 27 (IBM). The study showed that resilience is a dynamic process, due to the age-psychological characteristics of the individual and the experience of overcoming life’s difficulties. This is evidenced by differences in the structure of hardiness in different age groups, as well as an increase in the level of hardiness from youth to youth. Keywords: COVID-19 pandemic, resilience, coping strategies, students | 376 | |||||
870 | The article presents a theoretical and historical overview of the studies of general and special abilities carried out in the domestic scientific psychology. The difficulties associated with the definition of the concepts of “ability” and “giftedness” are analyzed. The understanding of the nature of creativity and creativity is indicated. The psychological essence and specificity of literary activity as a scientific phenomenon are considered. The characteristic of literary and artistic abilities as an internal psychological regulator of personality is given. It is shown that the ability to literary creativity refers to the artistic type of giftedness, which has both common qualities inherent in other types of giftedness, and peculiar, distinguishing it from other types of abilities. It is concluded that most of the complexities and contradictions in the study of the phenomenology of abilities are mainly associated with the comprehension of what ontologically represents this mental phenomenon. It is shown that the psychology of literary and artistic creativity and related areas of scientific knowledge are very complex and multifaceted. It is said that the creation of conditions that ensure the identification and creative development of literary gifted persons, the realization of their potential is among the priorities of modern society. Of great importance for the development of literary abilities is the social, including educational environment. Keywords: abilities, general abilities, special abilities, creative abilities, literary abilities, literary and artistic abilities, literary giftedness, psychology of art, psychology of literary creativity, personality of the writer | 373 | |||||
871 | The situation of stimulating reading of Russian fiction in the schools of the Republic of Tajikistan, as well as the situation with its study by teachers in the country’s schools, where it is studied as a second language starting from grade 2, is analyzed. Literary reading remains the main means of the school subject «Russian language» and is an integral part of the study of the Russian language in the communicative and linguistic space of Tajikistan, despite the significant outflow of the Russian-speaking population. The overwhelming majority of the Tajik intelligentsia, including high-ranking statesmen, strive to maintain a common cultural, scientific, educational and information space with Russia. Therefore, today scientists direct their attention to the formation of the reading competence of students of secondary schools of the Republic of Tajikistan. Stimulation reading of works of fiction in Russian in schools in Tajikistan Discusses the possibilities of stimulating the reading activity of youth through fashion as a socio-cultural phenomenon under the influence of libraries. The possibilities of stimulating the reader’s activity of young people through fashion as a sociocultural phenomenon under the influence of libraries are considered. Such concepts as “self-stimulation of reading”, “reading mode” and “reader mode” are revealed from the point of view of the science of the reader. Attention is paid to fashionable communication among Tajik schoolchildren and the characteristics of the mechanisms of the current concept of “reading” are given information, imitation, suggestion / persuasion, the possibilities of their use to stimulate the reading activity of schoolchildren of Tajik schools are indicated. The study speaks about the level of difficulty in passing the pedagogical organization of reading Russian literature in secondary schools with the Tajik language of instruction. Keywords: reading of work of fiction, stimulus, the Russian language, Tajik school, Russian school, reading mode | 371 | |||||
872 | The previously unexplored problem of structuring the subject field of a new branch of psychological knowledge – security psychology is considered. The purpose of the study was to study current trends and prospects for structuring the subject field of security psychology. As a result of the theoretical study of the problem, it is established that the subject space of security psychology is heterogeneous and can be structured according to a set of grounds: psychological phenomena related to human security; conditions, environments and situations requiring security; by types of activities of security subjects; by varieties or types of human security; by connection with other disciplines; by tasks of research conducted in security psychology. Each basis used for structuring security psychology allows us to identify several subject areas of research in it. According to psychological phenomena related to human security, the psychology of personal security, the psychology of ideas about security, and the psychology of safe behavior are distinguished. Orientation to the conditions, environments and situations requiring security contributes to the designation of the subject areas of extreme security psychology, security psychology of educational environments, family security psychology, security psychology of new digital environments and the virtual space of Internet networks. According to the types of activities of security subjects, the psychology of occupational safety, the psychology of safety of sports activities, the psychology of safety of tourism activities can be defined. Depending on the variety or type of security, they study information and psychological security, psychology of corporate security, psychological security of a person, psychology of linguistic and psycholinguistic security. In connection with other disciplines, questions of social psychology of security, extreme psychology of security, legal psychology of security, age psychology of security, political psychology of security, history of security psychology can be considered. According to the tasks of research conducted in security psychology, its fundamental and applied sections can be characterized. It is established that each subject area of security psychology has its own vector of studying a certain psychological aspect of human security and is characterized by a specific subject of research that allows to specify its purpose and objectives. The subject areas of security psychology are characterized by different levels of development. There is a high probability of registration of new areas of security psychology. For the first time, a holistic reflection of the features of the organization of the subject field of security psychology makes it possible to see the strengths and weaknesses of the formation of the discipline, creating prerequisites for stimulating the process of its development. The material presented in the article may also be useful for the development of a new training course “Security Psychology”. Keywords: security, security psychology, subject field, subject area, structure | 370 | |||||
873 | The article shows modern specifics of interaction between universities and the regional labor market in the context of promoting employment of the population from the perspective of a new worldview – the ecosystem approach. Authors give substantiation of trends and directions of regional andragogical practices’ development (additional professional education) related to the activities of employment services in the logic of ecosystem synergy and the value of human capital assets development outlining the advantages of such synergy and ways to achieve it. The article summarizes empirical materials of employment services in the Tomsk region (2017-2021) on the testing of new andragogical services of an anthropocentric orientation, including the experience of the national project «Demography” (Tomsk, Novosibirsk, Omsk, Kemerovo, Arkhangelsk, Volgograd regions and Kamchatka Krai). It presents the results of statistical data analysis reflecting the interrelationships of educational programs that were used to train citizens aimed at changes in employment (unemployed; citizens in labor relations, but looking for another job; women on parental leave; people of preretirement and retirement age), and the results of new employment scenarios for such people. This work explains and justifies reasons for such interrelations and ways of influencing them. The authors actualize the need for the anthropocentric transformation of andragogical practices, including additional vocational education, which creates the provision of new planned effects (socially significant results) through the ecosystem synergy of education, labor market and employment services (with their intermediary function) which is an important area of activity of Russian university communities. Authors used the following methods to prepare the materials of this article: survey (questionnaire, interview), biographical method, expert method, educational design. Keywords: human capital assets, adults, regional education system, adragogical practice, labour market, ecosystem approach | 369 | |||||
874 | The scientific definition of “information and psychological security” as a problematic field of intersection of information and psychological security is studied. Scientific ideas about the problems of information security and psychological danger are updated. It is scientifically substantiated that the information and psychological security of a person is a segment of the issue of general security. Different approaches to the problem of information and psychological security of individual are analyzed: a security as a sense of protection among the individual; an absence of threats; an ability to control yourself; a presence of social experience. It is proved that information-psychological security is included in the category of psychological security of the individual. The objects of psychological and information security are defined and compared. The objects and their content for the study of psychological safety are determined. The position is substantiated that information-psychological security consists of the ability of the individual to resist the negative influence of society. It has been proved that informational and psychological security falls into the category of psychological security of the person. Thus, the directions of information’s development and psychological security are highlighted. Such as the ability to identify and counteract negative informational and psychological impact and psychological security of the person. Keywords: information security, psychological security, danger, threats, protection, information and psychological security | 367 | |||||
875 | Educational inclusion is considered as a context and ontological basis for self-determination of a teacher’s personality. The relevance of assessing the self-determination of the teacher’s personality is associated with the recognition of the personal «factor» as the driving force of inclusion. Selfdetermination of the teacher’s personality is considered on the basis of the subject-activity approach through the category of «attitude». The subjective aspect of self-determination is the relationship of the individual to himself as a subject of inclusion. The objective aspect of self-determination includes the relationship of the individual to the conditions and processes of inclusion in relation to a group of people with disabilities and people with disabilities. The dialectical nature of the connection between the subjective and objective aspects of self-determination necessitates the choice of a relevant approach and assessment tools. This approach is a subject-object approach: the assessment is carried out according to formalized indicators, but included in the inclusive processes by the subject (teacher). The subject of this study is the objective aspect of the teacher’s self-determination in an inclusive educational space. The study is aimed at identifying, analyzing and interpreting the current status of teachers’ attitudes towards the conditions and processes of inclusion in education. The presented results of the study allow us to state an unexpressed positive trend in the dynamics of teachers’ attitudes towards inclusion. In this regard, the prospects for inclusive education are associated with the “strengthening” of the identified positive trend, including in the process of professional training (and retraining) of teachers. Keywords: educational inclusion, teacher’s self-determination, subjective aspect of selfdetermination, objective aspect of self-determination, teacher’s attitude to inclusion | 366 | |||||
876 | E-learning is becoming an integral part of the educational process in universities. Online interaction between students, students and teachers remains significant in e-learning. It affects the involvement of students in the educational process. The article deals with the analysis of the interaction difficulties in e-learning which teachers and students face in universities. The author looks for the difficulties in the results of sociological research conducted at Tomsk State University and Tomsk Polytechnic University in 2016, and the results of the focus group «Online course support» organized at Tomsk State University in 2018. The article highlights social, organizational, technical and economic difficulties for the educational process subjects in the pedagogical support of e-learning. Also, recommendations were formulated to overcome these difficulties. The main difficulties for teachers and students in quantitative research are the lack of time, the lack of ICT competencies necessary to work in an electronic campus environment. In addition, students note failures in the work of the portal. The focus group participants agree on the weak communication of teachers with students and fellow students among themselves, as well as technical difficulties when working with platforms and their technical services. Quantitative studies showed more technical and organizational difficulties, and qualitative research showed social and technical difficulties. The results will be useful for specialists and teachers involved in the organization of e-learning in universities to create an effective system of pedagogical support. Keywords: e-learning, higher education, support of e-learning, difficulties in support of e-learning | 365 | |||||
877 | Aspects of the influence of indicators of emotional manifestations of child-parent relationships and types of parental influence in families raising older preschoolers are discussed. The types of parental relationship and the features of emotional manifestations of parents in building child-parent interaction are considered. The analysis of the interrelationships of the types of parental relationship with the indicators of the emotional component of the parent-child relationship, including cognitive and behavioral components, is given. The analysis of the results included: the study of parental attitude as a social component; features of cognitive and behavioral components of the emotional side of child-parent interaction; correlation analysis using the r-Spearman correlation coefficient to identify the relationship of indicators of parental attitude with indicators of the emotional side of child-parent interaction. We concluded that socially approved manifestations of parenthood increase states of excitement and anxiety for children, lead to excessive control and symbiotic relationships. A set of characteristics describing the emotional manifestations of parents, contributing to the transformation of symbiotic relationships and authoritarian control of older preschool children into harmonious partnerships that contribute to the formation of an independent personality, is identified and considered. It is shown that an optimal level of parental empathy in relationships with older preschool children favorable for their psychic development exists. Keywords: child-parent relationship, emotional manifestations of parents, components of parental attitude, senior preschool age | 363 | |||||
878 | Typical architecture and design of school spaces is often not related to its pedagogical concept and does not reflect the identity of the teaching staff and students. In this regard, there is a request to involve participants of educational relations in the design and development of an educational environment in which the capabilities of teachers and students would be most fully revealed. The relevance of the article lies in the emergence of new and various projects of redesign and renovation of the educational environment, expanding the understanding of the functional capabilities of the spaces of educational organizations, demonstrating the educational and social potential of new spaces of educational organizations. The article summarizes the experience of organizing and holding the City Festival of Infrastructure Solutions of the Moscow City University as one of the ways that can be used to attract teams of educational organizations to the topic of large-scale changes in educational infrastructure. On the Festival it were identified and presented the best practices of infrastructure solutions for the effective use of the space of educational organizations in the city of Moscow, implementing general educational programs of preschool education, primary general education, basic general education and secondary general education. Festival participants gained experience and inspiration in changing the school space, and learned about modern finishing materials and equipment for schools. The conclusions drawn by the authors have the practical importance and can be used to determine strategies for the development of school infrastructure. Keywords: educational infrastructure, renovation of school space, competition, festival, infrastructure solutions, educational organization, best practices of infrastructure solutions | 362 | |||||
879 | The absence of special conditions that facilitate the development and realization of a person with deep vision pathology leads to an increase in the likelihood of the formation of negative attitudes towards oneself. Negative self-attitude is reflected in the ability to engage in joint activities, affecting primarily leadership potential. As a result, cognition of oneself and activity in interpersonal interaction decrease. Most of the work is aimed at tracking the impact of visual impairment on mental development and the study of compensation processes. The aim of our research is to study the characteristics of self-attitude and leadership potential that affect involvement in joint activities, which is considered the driving force of mental development. The article presents the data of an experimental study of the characteristics of self-attitude and leadership potential in persons with visual impairments and their influence on the development of cooperation within the framework of joint activities. The results obtained by the methods «Self-relation» by V. V. Stolin, S. R. Panteleeva, “Ability for Leadership” by R. S. Nemova and “Arka” A. S. Chernyshev, S. V. Sarycheva, modified version. Differences in self-attitude and leadership ability in totally blind versus healthy are considered. The influence of the revealed features on the development of cooperation in joint activities is analyzed, conclusions are formulated. The relationship between the characteristics of self-attitude and leadership potential allows you to create optimal conditions for the development of the personality of people with visual impairments. Keywords: blind, pathology of vision, self-attitude, leadership potential, leadership, joint activity | 362 | |||||
880 | The results of a comparative analysis of the concepts of “human potential” and “human capital” in the context of considering the relevance and specifics of the use of Big Data technologies in education are presented. The materials of the article are prepared based on the use of methods of theoretical analysis, Big Data, observation, analysis of products of activity, testing of students to identify their abilities, comparison and analogy. The possibilities of big data as a means of increasing the effectiveness of educational practices are updated. The expediency of using Big Data in the educational process of secondary vocational education focused on the development of human potential is argued. The description of the features of the organization and the results of experimental work carried out on the basis of the Tomsk State Pedagogical College on the approbation of the author’s vision of the possibility of using Big Data technologies in the practice of educational work is given. The increase in the effectiveness of the training session of a professional educational organization when using Big Data in the context of providing conditions for the self-realization of each student is proved. The guidelines for the development of the experience of using Big Data technologies to enrich educational contexts of an anthropocentric orientation are set. Keywords: human potential, human capital, secondary vocational education, artificial intelligence, big data, machine learning, Big Data | 362 | |||||
881 | The problem of professional development of a teacher is posed as a process of constant change of external requirements to the list and level of formation of professional competencies and the list of professional and personal qualities. As external challenges of this process, the focus on the development of self-managed learners and the implementation of the anthropological mission of modern education are highlighted. Different approaches to the professional development of a teacher are analyzed: the development of educational technologies, involvement in educational innovations, the development of research skills. It is emphasized that the development of innovative technologies requires special readiness of the teacher, the different level of which is manifested in different positions in relation to technology: indecisive, skeptics, innovators, researchers. It is proved that all teachers should be involved in innovation and their work should be aimed at this. It is proved that the formation of a teacher’s research culture is associated with the development of that area of his professional interests, which can become the subject of special study and real change at the level of educational practice. In conclusion, three directions of the development of pedagogical activity are highlighted: the development of professional mobility, open professionalism and dialogization of joint professional activity. Keywords: pedagogical activity, professionalism, educational technologies, innovative activity, research skills | 360 | |||||
882 | An international review of the formation of transnational educational mobility in higher education abroad is analyzed. The research results by foreign scientists dealing with this empirical issue are presented. The role of educational mobility in the formation of transnational human and cultural capital, the influence of educational mobility on the formation of an individual educational and career path of a person is shown on the example of such countries as: Great Britain, USA, China, Australia and Western European countries. Transnational educational mobility is considered in the context of the formation of cultural capital as the acquisition of international experience, the expansion of linguistic and professional knowledge, the development of social and intercultural skills that contribute to the creation of a new cultural identity and the strengthening of transnational identity, personality identification. Giving rise to cosmopolitanism, person’s educational mobility contributes to the creation of a new cultural identity and transnational identification strengthening. A man who is able to see and understand intercultural differences, to solve intercultural problems, is able to form his identity in the context of intercultural and multicultural relations. It is emphasized that with the development of transnational educational mobility, the term “international professional competence” appears in the scientific and pedagogical literature, associated with the formation of transversal personality skills. Transversal skills are analyzed as basic skills, independent of a person’s professional qualifications and not tied to any particular profession, but are applicable to a wide range of situations in life. It is emphasized that the strengthening of cross-border educational mobility is observed not only in the public sector of higher education, but also in the private sector, which contributes to an increase in the number of educational institutions leading to the expansion of availability of higher education and obtaining various academic degrees and titles. Keywords: transnational educational mobility, higher education, human capital, cultural capital | 359 | |||||
883 | The authors presented the results of studying the specifics, state and prospects of tourism development for the implementation of the goals of self-improvement and familiarization with the riches of the civilizational heritage, analysis of the problems of organizing and implementing psychological and pedagogical support of tourist activities on the example of spiritual and esoteric tourism. The authors gave the characteristics of tourism as an innovative sphere of education, in which a person implements the tasks of self-improvement and familiarization with the civilizational heritage. The training of psychologists-teachers in the field of organization, implementation and psychological and pedagogical support of tourist activity acts not only as a channel for expanding their nonprofessional competencies and capabilities, providing another demanded and interesting profession, but also strengthens their own professional competencies. The authors concluded that in the process of training specialists of the «person-to-person» group, including teachers and psychologists, acquaintance with tourism activities, its competencies, serves as an important channel for the development of a future professional, rethinking narrow professional practices, technologies and models, their saturation, enrichment tourist technologies. An important role in this process has been played and is being played by competencies related to the comprehension of life and professional values, spiritual and moral aspects of life that structure the civilizational heritage of mankind. It is they and the educational opportunities of tourism that are the main focus of attention in the main, additional and ongoing (re) training of specialists. Keywords: motives of tourism activities, self-improvement, civilizational heritage, educational tourism, spiritual and esoteric tourism, psychological and pedagogical support of tourism | 359 | |||||
884 | In the context of the ongoing threat of coronavirus, it is important to study personality models that largely determine the ability to predict health-oriented behavior, as well as the risk of anxiety, anxiety, and experiencing danger. In the article, the experience of a vital threat is analyzed as an experience of danger in relation to the mental Self, body, world, surrounding people, significant as an individual value. The study is aimed at studying the experience of the vital threat under the COVID-19 pandemic and its relationship with the personal traits of students. The empirical study was used by the Experience Scale of “Danger-Safety”, R. B. Kettell’s 16-factor personality questionnaire (16 PF), the sample was students of the medical college of the Udmurt Republic (119 people). Mathematical methods processing methods were used: description statistics, correlation analysis, the SPSS 11.5 For Windows program. It was revealed that the experiences of the threat in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic in relation to the Self and non-Self are differentiated, namely: students have a more pronounced experience of insecurity in relation to the world and the people around them. The components of the experience of threat on the Scale of “Danger-security” are structurally related to the communicative, regulatory, emotional and intellectual properties of a personality. The greatest number of connections between the experience of danger-safety relief links is established with the communicative properties of the individual. The students revealed a high involvement of personality traits in the experience of danger-security in relation to the mental Self and in relation to the body. The results obtained can be applied by medical college administration, teachers, academic mentors of student groups. They can be used by practitioner-psychologists providing counselling for students of medical colleges to prevent students from negative experiences and stress in the COVID-19 pandemic and in psychological education and counseling. Keywords: threat, danger-security, personality traits, experience, pandemic | 358 | |||||
885 | The purpose of the article is to determine the role of independence in the military service of officers and its influence on the successful fulfillment of service and combat missions. The article examines the structure of human activity, as well as the place of elements of independence in it. Based on the study of scientific literature, the main structural elements of the concept of “independence” are determined, which allows interpreting the results of the analysis of responses to graduates of military universities of the National Guard troops of the Russian Federation. The identified shortcomings in the training of military specialists allow us to conclude that there is insufficient development of independence in their service activities. As a result, the recorded level of development of independence prevents the manifestation of non-standard, unconventional thinking, and also significantly inhibits the self-development of an officer as a person and as a specialist. Particular attention is paid to the formation of practical skills of cadets of military universities, the correspondence of the solution of practical problems in the classroom to the real requests of the command of various levels. The article discusses the possible reasons for the formation of practical skills of graduates at a level below the expected level and the problem of adaptation of junior officers to new challenges. Also, in the course of the study, the main ways of solving the problem of obsolescence of the “life” situations offered during practical exercises were determined. It is important to note that the level of professional competence of graduates of military universities of the National Guard troops of the Russian Federation is closely interconnected with the practice of their application. The article notes that the activities of a cadet and an officer are similar in structure, which allows us to offer more effective ways of shaping their behavior in non-standard / critical situations. Keywords: independence, officer, personality, activity, graduate, experience, selfdevelopment, military institute, educational process | 356 | |||||
886 | In spite of growing research interest in the scientific problem of superstitiousness nowadays there are still a wide range of contradictions and challenges in this sphere of research: the nature and essence of the concept of superstitiousness, its role in everyday living and its position in the structure of personality. Being a very archaic phenomenon superstitiousness is still relevant in the modern society. This article addresses gender context of superstitiousness and its intercorrelation with individual value orientations that give the meaning of live. The study was carried out in May – July 2021 in Kazan (Russia). The study was conducted on a sample of 40 people (20 men and 20 women) aged 18 to 45 years and showed no significant gender differences in the manifestation of superstitiousness and life-meaning values, although female sample displayed higher superstitiousness indexes. Some interesting differences were found in the structure of correlations between superstition beliefs and lifemeaning orientations. The male sample had negative correlation links between pra-logical perception and locus of control. Also, magical forecast, pra-logical defense and integral superstitiousness index was negatively correlated with general awareness. In the female sample group magical anxiety, magical forecast, unconventional heeling, pra-logical defense and integral superstitiousness index had negative correlations with the locus of control. Keywords: gender, gender differences, superstitiousness, superstitious beliefs, life meaning, orientation | 356 | |||||
887 | A survey of university teachers (130 people) from various study areas was conducted to identify the prevailing attitudes and judgments about the implementation and prospects for the development of various formats of higher education in an unstable epidemiological situation and changing socioeconomic conditions. The authors attempted to analyze the factors that determined the survey results and the challenges of creating conditions ensuring the optimal implementation of various formats in a modern university. The successful experience of the university faculty in a number of projects in the development of the digital educational environment at the international and all-Russian level is described. Inferior learning outcomes in the online format in comparison with face-to-face and blended format were reported by the respondents. The survey revealed an optimistic view of the teaching community regarding the prospects for the development of a blended format. Blended and face-to-face formats were preferred by the majority of respondents, regardless of their teaching experience at the university. Questions about the level of online education, effective tools for assessing its quality, measures to encourage online work turned out to be the most “sensitive”, which was reflected in the significant proportion of evasive answer to the above questions. Higher education ecosystems often lack professionals specializing in instructional design, data analysis, educational program development, educational technologies, etc., which adversely affects the quality of educational products. Keywords: higher education, educational format, online learning, blended learning, teacher assessment of learning outcomes, COVID-19 | 354 | |||||
888 | An integrated approach to the evaluation of universal educational actions of students in the course of experimental work in chemistry and the knowledge necessary for their implementation is characterized. Diagnostic materials for the assessment of general educational, logical and sign-symbolic universal educational actions are proposed, on the basis of which the final grade is set. The content of diagnostic materials includes test tasks, cases, crossenses, a report on the work performed. They are presented in modular maps for practical work. The content of the module card is described, consisting of educational elements, including instructions for performing practical work, sources of educational material, questions and tasks, input and output control of knowledge and skills, and a form for preparing a report on the completed experimental work. The methodological possibilities of the educational elements of the module map are characterized, which allow organizing independent work of schoolchildren with the content of the module in accordance with individual abilities, improving their self-educational and organizational skills and performing a controlling function. The developed criteria for assessing test tasks of input control, criteria for evaluating the results of schoolchildren work with cases, crossenses, preparing a report on practical work and an assessment scale, on the basis of which the final grade is set, are considered. The results of approbation of diagnostic materials for practical work in chemistry in high school are presented, which make it possible to gradually prepare for the work, its implementation and the qualitative design of the results obtained. Keywords: chemistry experiment, practical work in chemistry, universal learning actions, diagnostic materials, student assessment, final grade | 353 | |||||
889 | The events of recent years taking place all over the world show how important it is to solve the tasks of civic and patriotic education of young people in a timely manner. And the implementation of the tasks of forming a citizen and a patriot should be carried out at all levels of the education system. It is important to take into account the multinational nature of our state and correctly form the civic and patriotic qualities of the younger generation. The modern approach to the civic and patriotic education of students involves the use of new technologies that correspond to their interests and preferences. It is necessary to take into account all the resources and technologies for civil and patriotic education of students at the present stage of development of a multicultural society. The purpose of our research is to identify the most effective resources and technologies of civic and patriotic education of students in the modern multicultural educational space. The study used the method of analysis of domestic and foreign literature, generalization of advanced pedagogical experience in the formation of civil and patriotic qualities of students in the multicultural educational environment of the university; the method of systematization and ranking of the basic principles of civil-patriotic education of students (the principle of standardization, the principle of relevance, the principle of consistency, practice-oriented principle and the principle of differentiation). The results of the study showed that in modern society a variety of methods and techniques of civic and patriotic education of young people should be applied in accordance with their characteristics and aspirations. Along with the traditional ones (memorial vigil, participation in rallies, concert performances for veterans of the Great Patriotic War, military sports clubs, etc.), innovative forms, means, methods of civil and patriotic education of subjects of the educational process should also be used. In the educational process of the university, it is necessary to use a variety of resources and technologies for the civil and patriotic education of students. All of them should be aimed at the development of citizenship as an integrative quality of personality, and form a respectful attitude to the traditions and cultural norms of their country and their people. Keywords: civic and patriotic education, students, higher education institution, multicultural society, multicultural educational environment, resources, technology | 352 | |||||
890 | The paper considers the issue of training of university teachers of nonlinguistic majors to deliver professional and science-based disciplines in a foreign language. The author describes the experience of the National Research Tomsk Polytechnic University in organising the teaching and learning process of professional training of students in the English language. Delivering professional disciplines requires both high proficiency in the content of the subject and the language; therefore university teachers engaged in this kind of activity must be intentionally trained. Teaching and learning professional nonlinguistic disciplines in a foreign language is characterised as one of the aspects of internationalisation of higher education. The author mentions modern competency-based methods of teaching field-specific content in English; the advantages and disadvantages of the methods are derived. Key competencies of university teachers who deliver professional training in English are listed. The paper provides insight into the existing in-house enhancement training system to develop university teacher skills for educational interaction in the English language. The author presents the organisational and pedagogical model of training university teachers to deliver nonlinguistic educational programmes in a foreign language. The analysis of the efficiency of the designed model is conducted according to the following criteria: satisfaction with learning, key competence development, motivation to further training in the field of English-medium instruction of professional disciplines, and product quality. Keywords: organisational and pedagogical model, enhancement training, key competences of a teacher, English as a medium of instruction, professional training in English, internationalisation of higher education | 349 | |||||
891 | The article substantiates the need to develop an educational program for preparing a future primary school teacher to work with children with disabilities in a small rural school, describes its structure and content. The author concludes that the preparation process must be built in terms of involving the participants in the educational process in joint activities, as well as using educational technologies that allow students to be subjects of their own education. The article emphasizes that in the context of this study, the term «education» is interpreted as the «involvement» of the subject of activity (student) in their development and education. When creating a program, the author notes that it is built on a modular basis and should be based on the concept of educational eventfulness, which considers pedagogical activity as a subject of personal attitude and action. Thus, the educational program in its content involves separate modules that are in a certain hierarchy: discovery, generation, creation of experience. The author comes to the conclusion that such a construction of the educational program will allow students to independently build the educational process, based on their own understanding of the meaning of professional activity in a small rural school with children with disabilities. Keywords: educational program, training of a future primary school teacher, students with disabilities, a small rural school | 349 | |||||
892 | The article deals a model of tutor support of a young and novice teacher in a vocational school. It outlines the model’s components such as target, organizational and preparatory, informative, effective and reflexive. The author describes the specifics of the purpose and practical orientation of the model development, namely, the need to use a personal-activity approach in the modeling process. The model is based on the “dispatcher model of tutor support of the professional career of young specialists”, which is modified taking into account the existing features of the GAPOU KuzTAGiS and involves the design of individual educational trajectories of professional development of young and novice teachers. The main function of a tutor is to coordinate actions at each step of the implementation of an individual educational trajectory of professional development. The main functions of a tutor in the system of secondary vocational education are diagnostic, informational, methodological, etc. The necessary measures that contribute to the preparation of young teachers for independent and effective teaching activities within the framework of the “Step to Success” and “Path to Mastery” programs are described. The article also contains specifics of conducting educational tutoring seminars (tutorials), involving the organization of group work of young and novice teachers of the technical school in the field of designing pedagogical activities, taking into account the activity approach; possible forms of dissemination of pedagogical experience of young and novice teachers. Keywords: young specialist, tutor, tutor support model, dispatcher model of tutor support, professional development | 348 | |||||
893 | Lack of working memory leads to a persistent inability to learn mathematics. Additional lessons with a teacher do not solve the problem of lagging behind the program. Correction of working memory or adaptation of the curriculum to the characteristics of a given student is required. Working memory can be trained, however, cognitive improvement does not automatically translate into academic performance due to the deep lag behind these students from the program. It is proposed to train working memory in the context of mathematical knowledge. The author has created a system of computer trainers for working memory based on the key sections of the school curriculum in mathematics. There are eight trainers: mental counting and skills in working with a trigonometric circle, solving proportions and square inequalities, solving a right-angled triangle. Trainers are available free of charge on the website https://www.workingmemory.ru/ (registration is required). Embedding cognitive training in educational content removes the problem of far transfer, since the positive effect on academic performance is immediately apparent. The problem of motivation for training working memory also disappears, since the content basis of the trainers is the requirements of the school curriculum. The time limit for one exercise, the number and duration of exercise to reach the limit values vary widely. This confirms the significant individual differences in working memory. The hypothesis was confirmed that the strategy of using resources of working memory is improved as a result of training (not the volume of its short-term storage). The conclusion is made on the analysis of statistical data on working with the “Forest Marathon” trainer, in which it is required to hold and transform in the mind from one to five numbers. Keywords: teaching mathematics, working memory, computer trainer, interval repetition | 347 | |||||
894 | The study of Coping strategies preferred by Russian school teachers in online learning during the first half of the pandemic 2020 is based on the responses of 554 teachers participating in the all-Russian anonymous survey. The transition to online learning is qualified as a complex stressor of integrated nature that includes technological and human factors. The survey identified six groups of frustration factors in online learning: decreased motivation and academic performance of school students (decreased learning efficiency), communication difficulties between a teacher and a student / parent (communicative frustration), digital illiteracy, lack of equipment for online education and technical failures, increased volume and time of work as well as health and private life problems. The survey also revealed five types of coping strategies used by educators to overcome these frustration factors: time management and building boundaries, mastering online competencies and platforms (mastering new technologies and forms of activities), fixating on frustration and negative experiences associated with it, application of anti-stress practices, seeking for social support and understanding (empathy as a means of stress release). The study shows statistically significant dependence of the chosen coping strategy on the subjective significance of certain aspects of professional and pedagogical activities, describes adaptive and maladaptive coping strategies to deal with the stressor of online learning transition; highlights the main difficulties in the transition to online learning, presents teachers’ evaluation of the difficulties set before them by the transition to online learning and of their professional burnout. Keywords: teachers, pandemic, transition to online learning, stressor, coping strategies, frustration factors of online learning | 346 | |||||
895 | The article is devoted to the first results of the implementation of the All-Russian Patriotic Mega-Project “Victory Map – 2025” in relation to the city of Tomsk and the Tomsk region on the example of the local patriotic project “Rear Tomsk on the Victory Map”. One of the goals of the project was to identify unaccounted losses of the civilian population of the Tomsk region during the Great Patriotic War. The article for the first time introduces into scientific circulation archival information of the Department of Civil Registration of the Tomsk region on the number of death records registered by the territorial departments of the registry office for the period from 1940 to 1945. At the same time, the number of human losses was so mon strous that it is comparable to the military losses of the Tomsk region during the Great Patriotic War: military losses – 60,619 people, rear losses – 59159 people. In the light of these data, it seems necessary to further study the phenomenon of “rear as a socially responsible territory”. The obtained figures open a new layer of historical realities of wartime in the deep Siberian rear, which was one of the bridgeheads of an invisible, but no less terrible war with huge human losses among the civilian population. The article presents organizational and pedagogical technologies for the implementation of the project “Rear Tomsk on the Victory Map”, containing research (historical) and presentation (using augmented reality technology – QR-coding) parts. The multifaceted and complexity of the implementation of the patriotic project on logistics issues is an indispensable “testing ground” for consolidating the professional competencies of the future patriotic teacher. Keywords: patriotic education, Tomsk, the contribution of the rear to the victory, the Great Patriotic War, QR-code | 345 | |||||
896 | The article considers the issue of studying the ideas of modern adolescents about traditional values in the context of the transformation of political, economic and social processes. The representative sample covers 6,900 adolescents aged 14-17 in seven constituent entities of the Russian Federation: the Chechen Republic, the Lipetsk Region, the Stavropol Territory, the Krasnodar Territory, the Volgograd Region, the Belgorod Region, and the Rostov Region. Research method - questioning at the place of residence, sample structure: multi-stage, representative, quota signs: age, type of settlement. The survey was conducted using Google forms, implemented using digital computer technology. The survey was based on the developed questionnaire “Traditional Values of the Modern Younger Generation”, which includes 52 questions and takes into account the main trends in axiological regional transformations. The socio-pedagogical analysis showed that the dominant values of the respondents when choosing three answers include “a family with good relations”, “health”, “one’s own life”, “quality education”, “freedom”. The least preference is given to the following values: “peace (as a state)”, “labor”, “Motherland”. The results are structured by respondents (students of various educational institutions), by methods (results of a questionnaire survey on questions with rating scales, on open questions, etc.), by problems, etc. The necessary empirical material for the subsequent theoretical interpretation has been obtained. Conclusions are drawn about the value transformation in the orientations of the younger generation in the second decade of the 21st century, the complex and contradictory nature of their course. Keywords: modern teenagers, traditional values, socio-pedagogical analysis of preferences | 343 | |||||
897 | Ensuring environmental safety is one of the highest priority tasks facing modern society. The growing negative human impact on the natural environment, including as a result of the activities of the Armed Forces, other troops, military formations and bodies, has a destructive effect on the environment, causing changes in the ecological balance of nature. It is possible to significantly change the current situation as a result of the development of science, socialization of the individual, upbringing and education. The modern system of higher education makes new demands on the personal qualities of future leaders of all levels: open-mindedness, interest in innovations, a high level of creativity, the ability to take responsibility in difficult professional situations. In this regard, the issue of the formation of the competence of environmental safety among the cadets of the logistics faculty is especially acute. Theoretical studies have been carried out to assess the formation of competencies in a higher educational institution. The opinions of various researchers in the examination of educational results and the formation of assessment complexes in the practice of modern higher education are considered. Based on the study and analysis, the most significant approaches for assessing the competence of environmental safety have been determined. The descriptors of the cognitive, value-motivational and activity-practical components of the competence of environmental safety are highlighted. A description of the levels of formation of the competence of environmental safety has been prepared. Thus, in the rapidly changing modern world, the constant improvement of new approaches to defining goals, results, and, consequently, criteria for assessing the quality of higher professional education will be the key to training a logistics officer competent in environmental safety, who meets the requirements of all interested parties. Keywords: environmental safety, environmental safety competence, approaches to the assessment of competencies, descriptors, cadet | 342 | |||||
898 | The article deals with the construction of the optimal learning path and the implementation of webapplication to form a graph of the path. The notions of “optimal path” and “individual educational path” are analyzed. The article notes the possibility of using an electronic portfolio to obtain data, the formation of an electronic portfolio of a student, its integration with an electronic information and educational environment, saving the student’s work, reviews and assessments, fixing the progress of the educational process, the results of intermediate certification and the results of mastering the main educational program, conducting all types of classes , procedures for assessing learning outcomes, the implementation of which is provided for with the use of e-learning, distance learning technologies, which takes place with the support of an electronic information and educational environment. An example of different paths of students of one group of Tomsk State Pedagogical University is given. In turn, the possibility of monitoring the further employment of a graduate or student is noted, which makes it possible to determine the optimal path of learning, which shows the further prospects for the growth of the student. As a result of the work carried out, a web application was developed for plotting the optimal learning path. Keywords: electronic information and education environment, optimal trajectory, webapplication, schedule, electronic portfolio | 342 | |||||
899 | Teaching is one of the most stressful professions, and it poses numerous challenges to teachers on a daily basis. Sources of stress in teaching activities are unique to each teacher, but generally refer to organizational, interpersonal, or personal levels. The use of this or that strategy of coping with stress is often provided by the resources of the psyche, which expand the zone of human activity, help to overcome difficulties, achieve the goal. At various stages of the study, a total of 101 secondary school teachers took part in it. Correlation, structural, and comparative analyses were used in processing the study results. In general, educators demonstrate moderate use of all coping strategies. Less experienced educators deal with stressful situations with social support, and more experienced ones mobilized other strategies (positive reassessment). The psychological structure of the coping behavior of teachers turns out to be highly developed; connections of various levels of significance are formed in it. The basic coping strategies are distancing and self-control. The role of some personal resources of coping with stress in teachers has been determined: resilience and its components, personal anxiety, international locus of control, self-esteem and emotional stability. Personal qualities that influence coping strategies are a resource of predominantly avoidant and maladaptive coping strategies. Keywords: resources, teacher, coping behavior, explanation, pedagogical activity | 339 | |||||
900 | The article discusses the features of the implementation of the concept of emotional education. One of its significant characteristics is the change in the content of education. This change implies a qualitative balance of natural-scientific and artistic-aesthetic education. In modern schools, the balance is broken, natural science disciplines prevail. The potential of the subjects of the artistic and aesthetic cycle is extremely underestimated by the world education system and reduced to the level of formation of primary skills, which initially deprives the school of systemic resources for creative development. In the concept of emotional education, a block of subjects of the creative cycle was developed and implemented according to the author’s programs of A. Saybedinov, conditions were created for the effective influence of creativity on the learning and upbringing process as a whole. The results of the school’s work show the effectiveness of their implementation, both in terms of achieving educational results, intellectual and creative development, and social and educational effects. The system of emotional education in the Governor’s Svetlensky Lyceum is shown, which includes the subjects: “Fine Arts” (grades 1-7), “Practical Philosophy”, “Art History” (grades 8-11), “Fundamentals of Design” (grades 5-11). The necessity of a system of ungraded teaching of educational results of children within the framework of these disciplines is emphasized. The results of external monitoring of the work of the school show the effectiveness of their implementation, both in terms of achieving educational results, intellectual and creative development, and social and educational effects. Keywords: artistic and aesthetic education, creativity, creative development, fine arts, general education, emotional education | 338 |