Yaritsa Lyudmila Ivanovna PECULIARITIES OF TEACHING RUSSIAN TO FOREIGN STUDENTS FROM KYRGYZSTAN IN TECHNICAL UNIVERSITIES OF TOMSK // Pedagogical Review. 2022. Issue 1 (41). P. 115-123

We live in the XXI century – the century of globalization, high speeds, crises, epidemics and pandemics. The time required radical changes in politics, economics, education; integration of economic and political systems of different countries. In this regard, questions of peaceful coexistence of different peoples and states arise, which must be resolved on a daily basis. The role and meaning of foreign languages are also changing: those that previously were of great interest to everyone around them fade into the background, their positions are conquered by others. Interest in the languages and culture of the peoples of the former USSR is growing. The article examines the issues of verbal communication culture in Kyrgyz families and, accordingly, some features of the Kyrgyz vocabulary. The relevance of the topic is due to the increase in the number of foreign students in Russia, as well as the mutual influence of the Kyrgyz and Russian languages. The influence of Russian culture and the Russian language on the formation of the lexical system and the development of the modern communicative culture of the Kyrgyz, which can be characterized as a culture of the collectivist type, is analyzed. The Kyrgyz language has not been studied enough, the scientific novelty of the work lies in the fact that it is included in a number of studies conducted in the Russian Federation and devoted to the study of foreign languages and Kyrgyz in particular, which undoubtedly demonstrates an interest in studying the peculiarities of the language and culture of the Kyrgyz ethnos. The practical novelty and significance of the work involves its use in the preparation of lectures on the theory of intercultural communication. As a result, it makes it possible to increase the efficiency of teaching Kyrgyz at universities of the Russian Federation. Knowing the peculiarities of mastering foreign vocabulary by the Kyrgyz, we can plan forms and methods of work, as well as learning outcomes. The aim of the work is to describe the communicative culture of communication of the Kyrgyz. A linguistic experiment has been carried out, some features of communication in Kyrgyz families have been revealed by the observation method. Minor differences were noted in the culture of northern and southern Kyrgyzstan. We were convinced that the culture of the Kyrgyz is of a collectivist nature of a vertical type. The most effective methods of studying the Russian language by the Kirghiz are described. Practical advice is given to reveal the abilities of students and to speed up the process of teaching the Russian language. This work continues a series of methodological works, the main goal of which is to increase the efficiency and quality of teaching the Russian language to foreign students in technical universities of the Russian Federation.

Keywords: Russian, Russian as a foreign language, teaching Russian as a foreign language, the Kyrgyz language, communicative function of the language, learning efficiency

Krasnyanskaya Tatyana Maksimovna, Tylets Valeriy Gennadyevich TRENDS AND PROSPECTS OF STRUCTURING THE SUBJECT FIELD OF SECURITY PSYCHOLOGY // Pedagogical Review. 2022. Issue 3 (43). P. 152-167

The previously unexplored problem of structuring the subject field of a new branch of psychological knowledge – security psychology is considered. The purpose of the study was to study current trends and prospects for structuring the subject field of security psychology. As a result of the theoretical study of the problem, it is established that the subject space of security psychology is heterogeneous and can be structured according to a set of grounds: psychological phenomena related to human security; conditions, environments and situations requiring security; by types of activities of security subjects; by varieties or types of human security; by connection with other disciplines; by tasks of research conducted in security psychology. Each basis used for structuring security psychology allows us to identify several subject areas of research in it. According to psychological phenomena related to human security, the psychology of personal security, the psychology of ideas about security, and the psychology of safe behavior are distinguished. Orientation to the conditions, environments and situations requiring security contributes to the designation of the subject areas of extreme security psychology, security psychology of educational environments, family security psychology, security psychology of new digital environments and the virtual space of Internet networks. According to the types of activities of security subjects, the psychology of occupational safety, the psychology of safety of sports activities, the psychology of safety of tourism activities can be defined. Depending on the variety or type of security, they study information and psychological security, psychology of corporate security, psychological security of a person, psychology of linguistic and psycholinguistic security. In connection with other disciplines, questions of social psychology of security, extreme psychology of security, legal psychology of security, age psychology of security, political psychology of security, history of security psychology can be considered. According to the tasks of research conducted in security psychology, its fundamental and applied sections can be characterized. It is established that each subject area of security psychology has its own vector of studying a certain psychological aspect of human security and is characterized by a specific subject of research that allows to specify its purpose and objectives. The subject areas of security psychology are characterized by different levels of development. There is a high probability of registration of new areas of security psychology. For the first time, a holistic reflection of the features of the organization of the subject field of security psychology makes it possible to see the strengths and weaknesses of the formation of the discipline, creating prerequisites for stimulating the process of its development. The material presented in the article may also be useful for the development of a new training course “Security Psychology”.

Keywords: security, security psychology, subject field, subject area, structure

Medvedeva Elena Yurievna, Uromova Svetlana Evgenievna LINGUISTIC ANALYSIS OF BILINGUAL STUDENTS’ DIFFICULTIES IN MASTERING THE SCHOOL CURRICULUM IN THE RUSSIAN LANGUAGE // Pedagogical Review. 2021. Issue 5 (39). P. 58-66

This article is devoted to a theoretical review of the problem of bilingualism as one of the factors that determine the specific difficulties of mastering the Russian language by primary school students. Russian grammar is a leading problem in modern scientific and practical research, and the question of determining the specific difficulties of mastering the Russian language by bilingual students and determining on this basis the features of the methodology of teaching Russian grammar in primary schools in classes with a multi-ethnic composition is particularly relevant. Russian is the main language of the Russian language, and the main language of the Russian language is the Russian language, which determines the difficulties of mastering the subject «Russian language» by bilingual children in primary school. The aim of the study is to find specific comparative characteristics of the Tatar language (the Turkic language group) and Russian. In accordance with the purpose, the linguistic aspects of two language systems are considered: The Russian language and the Tatar language. Russian grammar is an attempt to objectively assess the reasons for the difficulties of mastering the laws of the Russian language on the basis of a comparative analysis of the composition of the Tatar and Russian grammar.

Keywords: student, bilingualism, synharmonism, interference, the Tatar language, grammatical relations, inflection, word formation

Kozyreva Ol'ga Anatol'evna, Khvastunova Elena Petrovna STUDY OF THE FORMATION OF FUTURE TEACHERS’ READINESS FOR INCLUSION // Pedagogical Review. 2021. Issue 5 (39). P. 33-40

The problem of the need to form the readiness of future teachers for inclusion in the process of professional training at a university is analyzed, as well as its structural components and their content. In the structure of this type of readiness, motivational, cognitive and operationalactivity components are revealed. It is stated that the problem of the readiness of future teachers for professional activity in conditions of inclusion is a problematic field in modern scientific discourse, since its systemic solution has not yet been found. The aim is to study the formation of the readiness of future teachers for the inclusion of schoolchildren in the process of professional training at a university. The article presents the results of an empirical study of the formation of the readiness of future teachers for the inclusion of schoolchildren. Recommendations are given on the formation of professional readiness of future teachers for the inclusion of schoolchildren in the process of studying at the university, consisting in enriching the content of training in the third and fourth years of the disciplines: «Teaching people with disabilities», «Psychological and pedagogical foundations of inclusive education»; the introduction of industrial (technological in the system of inclusive education) practice on the basis of educational and social organizations; operational monitoring of the formation of the readiness of future teachers for inclusive education of schoolchildren with disabilities.

Keywords: professional training, professional readiness, inclusive education, future teachers

Lomovskaya Sofia Anatolyevna, Potey Ludmila Vitalievna THE PROBLEM OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES INFLUENCE ON THE TYPES OF THE YOUTH’S LEISURE // Pedagogical Review. 2021. Issue 6 (40). P. 64-75

Despite the fact that in the last decade the percentage of young people among the population in Russia has noticeably decreased, this social group and its leisure activities are of particular interest for research aimed at identifying the hobbies and interests of modern young people and their connection with addictive behavior. The article examines the content of the concept of “leisure activities” in the youth environment. The presence of contradictions in the use of the synonymous concepts of “leisure” and “free time” is noted. Characterized the fundamental differences between the concepts of “leisure”, “hobby” and “interests”. The authors also touch on the issue of the relationship between modern hobbies and interests of young people with the development of cyber-addictive behavior. Presented the results of a study conducted among schoolchildren in Tomsk on identifying the interests of modern youth and the presence/absence or predisposition of the teenage group to Internet addiction in connection with their leisure activities. Revealed that almost half of the respondents do not have a specific hobby. When analyzing the data obtained during the study, revealed that, with a higher probability, the emergence of cyber addiction is characteristic of those who have no hobbies at all, as well as those whose leisure activities are passive. Also revealed that schoolchildren in the city of Tomsk are addicted to social networks and computer games, with more than half of the respondents revealed a predisposition to Internet-addicted behavior, and one fifth of the respondents have already formed cyber-addicted behavior.

Keywords: leisure activities, hobbies, interests, youth, free time, passive and active leisure, cyberadication

Neradovskaya Olga Ramazanovna, Reviakina Valentina Ivanovna POTENTIAL INTEGRATION OF FORMAL AND NON- FORMAL EDUCATION OF POSTGRADUATE STUDENTS OF PEDAGOGICAL UNIVERSITY: MANAGERIAL ASPECT // Pedagogical Review. 2022. Issue 5 (45). P. 98-110

The article analyzes the actual problems of current state of the training of teaching staff of higher scientific qualification in graduate school. The real organizational, managerial, substantive and motivational possibilities of more effective functioning of the postgraduate pedagogical profile are revealed. The issues of determining and using the integration potential of formal and non-formal education from the perspective of managing the development of pedagogical postgraduate studies are considered. The situation of resource shortage for formal education of graduate students at the pedagogical university is actualized. Among the missing resources for training highly qualified scientific personnel are noted: the weakening of research activities of universities, a decrease in the number of applicants to graduate school, the disunity of university system for training research personnel and awarding academic degrees. The characteristic features of the integration potential of the designated types of education are revealed and substantiated through the analysis of the activity of the scientific school of a teacher-researcher as an actual practice of non- formal education of graduate students, effectively complementing the formal system of training of highly qualified personnel. As the methodological basis of the research, such methods as phenomenological research, included observation, methods of humanitarian research were used, namely: the study of the experience of integration of two types of education, the identification of empirical signs of integration, their generalization, justification of the potential of such integration. The possible ways of improving the training of researchers for universities and research structures are proposed on the example of the presented experience of Tomsk State Pedagogical University.

Keywords: management of education development, scientific school, graduate students, the potential of integration of formal and non-formal education

Pashukova Anastasia Dmitrievna INDIVIDUAL EDUCATIONAL TRAJECTORY OF AN EMPLOYEE OF A SPECIALIZED CORRECTIONAL INSTITUTION AS A CONDITION OF ITS PROFESSIONAL DEVELOPMENT // Pedagogical Review. 2022. Issue 1 (41). P. 77-83

The article considers the issue of the individual educational trajectory of employees of specialized correctional institutions as one of the conditions for their professional development. Currently, there are new technologies, tools, as well as ways for self-development and self-education of the individual. These include: “individual educational trajectory”. The concept of “educational trajectory” and “individual educational trajectory” is analyzed. It is noted that the professional activity of employees with convicts-former employees of courts and law enforcement agencies has a number of specific features. Consequently, an employee of a correctional institution for the maintenance of this category of convicts is placed in the conditions of the need for constant systematic work on himself, on improving his professionalism, in order to satisfy the state and public demand. The structure of the individual educational trajectory of employees working in correctional institutions for the detention of convicts – former employees of courts and law enforcement agencies is a relationship of components: target, content, technological, diagnostic, organizational and pedagogical. It is emphasized that the effectiveness of the implementation of an individual approach, the creation of individual educational trajectories for improving the professionalism of employees is determined in the process of joint interaction between educational and practical departments. The implementation of an individual educational trajectory will help to improve the effectiveness of professional activities of employees in working with convicts – former employees of courts and law enforcement agencies. In this case, the educational trajectory of an employee of a specialized correctional institution will act as one of the important conditions for improving the professionalism of employees of the penal enforcement system working with convicts-former employees of courts and law enforcement agencies.

Keywords: educational trajectory, individual educational trajectory, employees of specialized institutions, convicts-former employees of courts and law enforcement agencies

Velikova Svetlana Anatolyevna SELF-ASSESSMENT OF STUDENTS OF THE HUMANITARIAN INSTITUTE AS A REGULATOR OF THEIR PROGRESS // Pedagogical Review. 2022. Issue 2 (42). P. 136-145

Self-esteem, being a component of the personality structure, influences the entire activity of the subject, both the process and its result. The educational process in a higher educational institution is no exception. Despite the difference in approaches to understanding its definition, structure, presented in the theoretical part of the article, scientists agree on one thing. Performing various functions – evaluative, control, stimulating, blocking and protective, etc., self-esteem mobilizes and reveals the intellectual and creative potential of a person. Consequently, a person with an adequately high self-esteem will be proactive and competitive in the labor market. They develop spontaneously, due to the study of information and interaction with the reference group. However, since self-esteem influences the activity, then it will also influence the activity of students, the result of which is the current performance of students of the Humanities Institute (GumI). In the process of mastering a profession, under the influence of learning to use mental operations, features characteristic of students begin to appear. They develop spontaneously, due to the study of information and interaction with the reference group. However, since self-esteem influences the activity, then it will also influence the activity of students, the result of which is the current performance of students of the Humanities Institute (GumI). An analysis of the results obtained using several methods showed that students of different courses and directions of the humanitarian institute have significantly excellent component expression of selfesteem, as well as the relationship of its parameters with current academic performance.

Keywords: self-assessment, academic performance, student, educational and professional activity, university graduate

Cheremnykh Anna Nikolaevna DIGITAL EDUCATIONAL RESOURCES AS A SOLUTION TO THE PROBLEM OF BLENDED LEARNING IN THE ACADEMIC DISCIPLINE “PHYSICAL CULTURE” // Pedagogical Review. 2022. Issue 1 (41). P. 70-76

The appeal to the problem of using digital educational resources in the academic discipline «Physical Culture» is associated with the need, in connection with the epidemiological situation in the world, to transfer the educational process to the online and blended learning format. Of course, the translation process began much earlier, thanks to the project “Modern Digital Educational Environment” [1], which was implemented from 2013–2020 as part of the state program “Development of Education”. Despite this, specialists in physical culture and sports of non-physical culture universities insisted that “physical culture” has a purely applied nature and cannot be carried out in a blended learning and, moreover, in an online format. At the same time, each of us understands that to engage means to act. There is no action without motivation, positive emotions and attitude. All this forms a readiness for action. Readiness is not formed without a cognitive component and an operational – activity component, that is, without a cognitive component. Consolidation of the acquired knowledge in practice, which is associated not only with motor activity, but also with other components of physical improvement. Drawing a conclusion from the above, we can say that the theoretical block of the discipline “Physical Culture” is important and its implementation is possible in an online and blended learning format. The problem of introducing digital educational resources into the process of mastering the discipline “Physical Culture” is considered. The analysis of Internet sites, applications and programs most often used by specialists in the educational process is presented. The relevance of the use of mixed learning in the development of the discipline “Physical Culture” has been revealed. A survey of physical education teachers was carried out, during which the negative and positive effects of the use of Internet technologies in the classroom of both practical and theoretical blocks of the discipline were determined. Recommendations are given to improve the effectiveness of studying the discipline in a mixed and remote format. Conclusion: when studying the discipline “Physical Culture”, the possibilities of using various digital educational resources are limitless; because they allow you to master the discipline in a mixed and remote format, design individual educational routes, independently increase the level of cognitive activity and readiness for physical self-improvement. At the same time, we believe that the best option would be to create a systemically organized virtual educational health-saving platform that will allow students to effectively build their own health-saving educational space. It should be a world where you can find everything about physical improvement and even more: materials of lectures and seminars in free permanent access, online courses, webinars, training simulators and online constructors, testing applications, a virtual library, useful articles, video classes, various applications, and messengers for feedback.

Keywords: digital educational resources mixed learning, academic discipline “Physical culture”, university students, virtual educational platform

Suryaninova Tatiana Ilyinichna, Stepanenko Anna Alekseevna, Dubashevskaya Ekaterina Andreevna PECULIARITIES OF SELF-ATTITUDE AND LEADERSHIP POTENTIAL IN PERSONS WITH VISUAL DISABILITIES IN THE CONTEXT OF JOINT ACTIVITIES // Pedagogical Review. 2022. Issue 2 (42). P. 166-178

The absence of special conditions that facilitate the development and realization of a person with deep vision pathology leads to an increase in the likelihood of the formation of negative attitudes towards oneself. Negative self-attitude is reflected in the ability to engage in joint activities, affecting primarily leadership potential. As a result, cognition of oneself and activity in interpersonal interaction decrease. Most of the work is aimed at tracking the impact of visual impairment on mental development and the study of compensation processes. The aim of our research is to study the characteristics of self-attitude and leadership potential that affect involvement in joint activities, which is considered the driving force of mental development. The article presents the data of an experimental study of the characteristics of self-attitude and leadership potential in persons with visual impairments and their influence on the development of cooperation within the framework of joint activities. The results obtained by the methods «Self-relation» by V. V. Stolin, S. R. Panteleeva, “Ability for Leadership” by R. S. Nemova and “Arka” A. S. Chernyshev, S. V. Sarycheva, modified version. Differences in self-attitude and leadership ability in totally blind versus healthy are considered. The influence of the revealed features on the development of cooperation in joint activities is analyzed, conclusions are formulated. The relationship between the characteristics of self-attitude and leadership potential allows you to create optimal conditions for the development of the personality of people with visual impairments.

Keywords: blind, pathology of vision, self-attitude, leadership potential, leadership, joint activity

Kostyukova Tatyana Anatolyevna, Shaposhnikova Tatyana Dmitriyevna, Kazantsev Dmitriy Anatolyevich PREPARATION OF TEACHERS FOR THE IMPLEMENTATION OF THE SUBJECT AREA “FOUNDATIONS OF SPIRITUAL AND MORAL CULTURE OF THE PEOPLES OF RUSSIA”: PROBLEMS AND SOLUTIONS // Pedagogical Review. 2021. Issue 6 (40). P. 53-63

The purpose of the study is to consider the problems of teacher preparation for teaching the subject “Fundamentals of Religious Cultures and Secular Ethics”: highlighting the value foundations, managing teacher training at the regional and local levels, comprehending effective options for solving acute issues in its implementation. The key problem of the teachers’ unpreparedness for effective activity in this area is revealed, connected with the lack of scientific understanding of traditional Russian spiritual values that lie at the core of the culture of each nation, for the development of which theological knowledge is necessary that is not studied in the process of basic professional training. Conclusions are made that this function is now accepted by the system of advanced training. It has been established that theological knowledge is understood as the result of the process of cognition and personal understanding of the religious tradition and its authentic reflection in the mind of the teacher on a cultural basis in the form of concepts and value-semantic life guidelines. An analysis of scientific sources and practice of spiritual and moral education of the younger generations gives grounds to assert that in modern Russian society, the cultural role of traditional Russian spiritual values is beginning to be more deeply understood, by which we mean the primordial, chosen by distant ancestors, axiological guidelines – peacefulness, sympathy, acceptance of the other, empathy and others that form the spiritual world of a growing person through an appeal to the deep foundations of the national mentality, which have passed a long way of approbation from generation to generation. However, when conducting advanced training courses for teachers in this area, one should choose an extremely correct position, focusing on cultural meanings, and not on religious dogma.

Keywords: advanced training, theological knowledge, interaction management, religious component in secular education

Avgustova Iulia Viktorovna ADAPTATION OF FUTURE LAWYERS TO PROFESSIONAL ACTIVITY: PROPAEDEUTICS IN THE EDUCATIONAL PROCESS IN COLLEGE // Pedagogical Review. 2021. Issue 6 (40). P. 95-102

The article presents the results of the study that touched upon the actual problem of the system of professional legal education – the degree of specialist’s compliance with the requirements of the labor market as well as the improvement of the quality of their practical training. The aim of the study is to scientifically substantiate the effectiveness of practiceoriented technologies in the educational process of the college in order to successfully adapt future lawyers in professional activities. The main method of research is a pedagogical experiment, the purpose of which is approbation of the developed author’s methodology. Also, the study used methods of analysis and generalization, questioning, testing, pedagogical observation and methods of mathematical statistics. The presented practice-oriented technologies are aimed at mastering students’ professional competencies and provide for the gradual passage of three modules by the student: goal-setting of didactic cycles, selection of optimal means taking into account peculiarities of the training stage, implementation of educational activity characterized by integration of project and problem-based technologies while observing conditions of differentiated training. According to the results obtained during the implementation of the pedagogical experiment, the introduction of practice-oriented technologies in the educational process of training college students of future lawyers, providing for the gradual development of knowledge and skills, allowed to form the basic professional competencies of students at a reliable level. Thus, the use of activity and interactive methods in the learning process, the introduction of simulation modeling and design, as well as technology for solving situational tasks can be considered as an effective tool for shaping students’ professional-oriented skills and abilities.

Keywords: professional activity, quality of education, college students, educational process, practice-oriented technology

Korytova Alena Igorevna, Korytova Galina Stepanovna LITERARY ABILITIES IN DISCURSIVE PRACTICE: A THEORETICAL AND HISTORICAL OVERVIEW // Pedagogical Review. 2021. Issue 6 (40). P. 210-224

The article presents a theoretical and historical overview of the studies of general and special abilities carried out in the domestic scientific psychology. The difficulties associated with the definition of the concepts of “ability” and “giftedness” are analyzed. The understanding of the nature of creativity and creativity is indicated. The psychological essence and specificity of literary activity as a scientific phenomenon are considered. The characteristic of literary and artistic abilities as an internal psychological regulator of personality is given. It is shown that the ability to literary creativity refers to the artistic type of giftedness, which has both common qualities inherent in other types of giftedness, and peculiar, distinguishing it from other types of abilities. It is concluded that most of the complexities and contradictions in the study of the phenomenology of abilities are mainly associated with the comprehension of what ontologically represents this mental phenomenon. It is shown that the psychology of literary and artistic creativity and related areas of scientific knowledge are very complex and multifaceted. It is said that the creation of conditions that ensure the identification and creative development of literary gifted persons, the realization of their potential is among the priorities of modern society. Of great importance for the development of literary abilities is the social, including educational environment.

Keywords: abilities, general abilities, special abilities, creative abilities, literary abilities, literary and artistic abilities, literary giftedness, psychology of art, psychology of literary creativity, personality of the writer

Ivanova Darya Vladimirovna CIVIL-PATRIOTIC EDUCATION OF STUDENTS AT THE PRESENT STAGE OF DEVELOPMENT OF A MULTICULTURAL SOCIETY: RESOURCES AND TECHNOLOGIES // Pedagogical Review. 2022. Issue 5 (45). P. 78-87

The events of recent years taking place all over the world show how important it is to solve the tasks of civic and patriotic education of young people in a timely manner. And the implementation of the tasks of forming a citizen and a patriot should be carried out at all levels of the education system. It is important to take into account the multinational nature of our state and correctly form the civic and patriotic qualities of the younger generation. The modern approach to the civic and patriotic education of students involves the use of new technologies that correspond to their interests and preferences. It is necessary to take into account all the resources and technologies for civil and patriotic education of students at the present stage of development of a multicultural society. The purpose of our research is to identify the most effective resources and technologies of civic and patriotic education of students in the modern multicultural educational space. The study used the method of analysis of domestic and foreign literature, generalization of advanced pedagogical experience in the formation of civil and patriotic qualities of students in the multicultural educational environment of the university; the method of systematization and ranking of the basic principles of civil-patriotic education of students (the principle of standardization, the principle of relevance, the principle of consistency, practice-oriented principle and the principle of differentiation). The results of the study showed that in modern society a variety of methods and techniques of civic and patriotic education of young people should be applied in accordance with their characteristics and aspirations. Along with the traditional ones (memorial vigil, participation in rallies, concert performances for veterans of the Great Patriotic War, military sports clubs, etc.), innovative forms, means, methods of civil and patriotic education of subjects of the educational process should also be used. In the educational process of the university, it is necessary to use a variety of resources and technologies for the civil and patriotic education of students. All of them should be aimed at the development of citizenship as an integrative quality of personality, and form a respectful attitude to the traditions and cultural norms of their country and their people.

Keywords: civic and patriotic education, students, higher education institution, multicultural society, multicultural educational environment, resources, technology

Koshkina Elena Anatolyevna, Yadrennikova Svetlana Vasilyevna THE STRUCTURAL ORGANIZATION OF THE TERMINOLOGY OF SOVIET DIDACTICS OF THE 20–30-S OF THE XX CENTURY // Pedagogical Review. 2022. Issue 1 (41). P. 132-141

The problem of search and selection of research tools in the conditions of increasing interdisciplinarity of scientific knowledge is actualized. Attention is focused on similar features in the development of domestic education in the 20–30s of the XX century and at the beginning of the XXI century. The thesis is put forward that the analysis of textual sources of the historical epoch under consideration makes it possible to formulate more correctly the principles of working with pedagogical terminology now. Interdisciplinary approaches to the study of pedagogical terminology are characterized. The necessity of applying the field approach in the context of the study of didactic terminology is substantiated. The purpose of this study is to analyze the structure of didactic terminology of the 20–30s of the XX century based on the application of the field approach. The signs of the distribution of lexical units into groups are substantiated. The corpus of texts is compiled on the basis of contextual analysis of historical and pedagogical sources. Conceptual and terminological groups and clusters are characterized taking into account the identified factors and structural relationships. Conclusions about the number and significance of lexical units in conceptual and terminological groups and clusters are formulated; the dependence of the prevalence of terms on the strength of their field is revealed; the units included in the core of the didactic terminology of the studied period are determined.

Keywords: field approach, didactic terminology, factors of terminology development, classification of didactic concepts and terms, lexical units, conceptual and terminological group, cluster

Azorkina Olesya Demidovna, Kirillova Elena Nikolaevna CURRENT ISSUES OF THE USE OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES IN TEACHING PHYSICAL AND MATHEMATICAL DISCIPLINES // Pedagogical Review. 2022. Issue 4 (44). P. 126-134

In modern society, the ways of obtaining education are changing, with an emphasis on strengthening the role of Internet networks as a source of information. Current methods of storing and transmitting information are actively used by teachers and students – educational publications can easily be found in electronic library systems and on the web, and universal Internet access via phone and computer makes it possible to quickly get the necessary information. However, to extract information from the network does not mean to acquire full-fledged knowledge. There is a need for structuring the subject environment and managing students’ access to information on the discipline being studied – this can be implemented, for example, in the modular objective-oriented dynamic learning environment “OpenSystem”. Management of distance learning is also expanding thanks to “cloud technologies” of information storage, and personalization and monitoring of academic performance is implemented using personal virtual offices of students and teachers. In this paper, we will focus on the use of the “OpenSystem” learning environment in the distant study of the discipline “Physics of the Atomic Nucleus” by undergraduate students of the Faculty of Physics and Mathematics of the Pedagogical University. In the last two years, the issues of distance learning are becoming particularly relevant. The “OpenSystem” environment has an undoubted advantage when studying the subject before giving lectures online and other ways of transmitting the material.

Keywords: distant learning, network educational services, training of future physics teachers, teaching nuclear physics, elementary particles

Kuzyayev Ildar Zinniatovich FORMATION OF ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY COMPETENCE IN A HIGHER EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTION // Pedagogical Review. 2021. Issue 4 (38). P. 140-149

The problems of environmental safety competence formation among the cadets of the logistics faculty are considered. The definition of environmental safety competence is conducted. Based on the research of Russian authors, there are three main components of the competence of environmental safety: cognitive, as a system of environmental knowledge; value-motivational, expressed in the awareness of the importance of preserving the environment and natural resources; activity-practical, manifested in the ability to solve practically arising environmental problems. The main academic subjects are analyzed, during mastering of which the competences necessary for environmental protection in the performance of official duties are developed. An analysis was carried out on the basis of which it was established that the list of competencies formed as a result of mastering a professional educational program in the specialty 56.05.01 Logistics does not include the competence of environmental safety. Educational disciplines have been established, the study of which contributes to the formation of a worldview, knowledge, abilities, skills, experience to ensure environmental safety. It is necessary to conduct a study in order to obtain answers to the following questions: how to measure the competence of environmental safety among cadets and how to ensure the formation of competence in environmental safety of graduates.

Keywords: environmental safety, competence, environmental safety competence, cadet, officer

Nikitina Lubov Andreevna CREATION OF SCIENTIFIC WRITTEN TEXT OF FINAL QUALIFICATION WORK: PROBLEMS AND SOLUTIONS // Pedagogical Review. 2021. Issue 5 (39). P. 130-137

According to the standards of higher education, a graduate of a pedagogical university is obliged to conduct a pedagogical study and draw it up in the text of the final qualification work. However, analysis of the works shows that for many future teachers, writing a scientific text causes significant difficulty. The questionnaire revealed typical difficulties and reasons for their occurrence, which are due, on the one hand, to the lack of experience in writing in the process of studying vocational training disciplines. On the other hand, it is not the willingness of students to reflect on the process of speech activity and its products, and also not to own ways of organizing independent work. Typical mistakes in the creation of the text of the graduation work were revealed: the lack of a communicative task, the lack of compliance with the logic and relationship of parts of the text, the inclusion of unprocessed materials from primary sources, the lack of own judgment on the topic being studied. Directions in teaching written scientific speech in the preparation process at the university are indicated: inclusion of tasks in all disciplines of training, programs of pedagogical practices involving writing a text of a scientific style, the use of educational technologies focusing on the use of written text as a result of training. It is concluded that training in the writing of the text of the final qualification work involves the consistent involvement of students in the mastery of the culture of written scientific speech, as well as the experience of the research activity of the teacher.

Keywords: scientific written speech, final qualification work, creation of written text

Mayakova Elizaveta Vladimirovna, Ivanova Elena Vladimirovna FESTIVAL AS A WAY OF ATTRACTING EDUCATIONAL ORGANIZATIONS TO THE PROBLEM OF EDUCATIONAL INFRASTRUCTURE // Pedagogical Review. 2021. Issue 6 (40). P. 246-255

Typical architecture and design of school spaces is often not related to its pedagogical concept and does not reflect the identity of the teaching staff and students. In this regard, there is a request to involve participants of educational relations in the design and development of an educational environment in which the capabilities of teachers and students would be most fully revealed. The relevance of the article lies in the emergence of new and various projects of redesign and renovation of the educational environment, expanding the understanding of the functional capabilities of the spaces of educational organizations, demonstrating the educational and social potential of new spaces of educational organizations. The article summarizes the experience of organizing and holding the City Festival of Infrastructure Solutions of the Moscow City University as one of the ways that can be used to attract teams of educational organizations to the topic of large-scale changes in educational infrastructure. On the Festival it were identified and presented the best practices of infrastructure solutions for the effective use of the space of educational organizations in the city of Moscow, implementing general educational programs of preschool education, primary general education, basic general education and secondary general education. Festival participants gained experience and inspiration in changing the school space, and learned about modern finishing materials and equipment for schools. The conclusions drawn by the authors have the practical importance and can be used to determine strategies for the development of school infrastructure.

Keywords: educational infrastructure, renovation of school space, competition, festival, infrastructure solutions, educational organization, best practices of infrastructure solutions

Soshenko Inessa Igorevna THE ROLE OF MENTORING IN THE DIFFUSION OF SOCIAL INNOVATION IN EDUCATION // Pedagogical Review. 2022. Issue 2 (42). P. 83-91

The problem of the development of social innovations, including in the field of education, has acquired unprecedented theoretical and practical significance in the last decade. This is due to the transition to the formation of a modern society, the development of which is based on knowledge and the financial crisis of 2008. Social innovations change established social practices, are mainly implemented in the form of projects, the content of which is aimed at solving socially significant social problems, and need to be managed at all stages of the life cycle (from idea to diffusion). In educational organizations, to ensure the diffusion of social innovations in the field of education, it is advisable to use mentoring. Based on the analysis of successful cases of diffusion of social innovations in the educational sphere, the article examines mentoring as: a) preparing the teaching staff for changes in social practice; b) a mechanism for restoring the context of social innovation and its reproduction; c) an asset of an educational organization working in the markets “without money”; d) a mechanism for the reproduction of teaching staff. The importance of a three-component mentoring system in an educational organization is substantiated: mentoring for mentors, mentoring for teachers and mentoring students. The materials of the article can become the basis for continuing research on the diffusion of social innovations in the field of education and the transformation of the existing mentoring systems in educational organizations.

Keywords: social innovation, diffusion of social innovation, educational organizations, mentoring, professional development, teaching staff

Trukhin Aleksandr Valeryevich REGULARITIES AND PRINCIPLES OF FORMING THE PREPAREDNESS OF MILITARY SERVICES FOR SELF-EDUCATIONAL ACTIVITIES // Pedagogical Review. 2021. Issue 4 (38). P. 83-89

Modern requirements for military professional activity dictate the need to involve servicemen in an active self-education process. As part of the study of the purposeful formation of the given qualities of servicemen, it is envisaged to identify and characterize the patterns and principles of the implementation of the proces s under study. The article examines the author’s presentation of the patterns and principles of the implementation of the pedagogical process for the formation of self-educational competence in military personnel in the course of daily military service. The identification of pedagogical patterns is carried out by studying the process features of the phenomenon under study, determining the driving forces and internal contradictions and relying on the theoretical and methodological foundations of the study. Regularities are substantiated, provisions are revealed that affect the effective design of the process under study. The revealed patterns of the process of formation of readiness for self-educational activity are grouped according to the nature of manifestation, attributive patterns, patterns of conditionality and effectiveness are highlighted. The implementation of the projected pedagogical process is subject to certain principles that perform a regulatory function. The principles define the rules by which its implementation is possible and on which its effectiveness depends. The identification of pedagogical principles was carried out on the basis of the revealed patterns of the process under study, taking into account the requirements of objectivity, consistency, consistent addition, the orientation of each principle to resolve a certain contradiction, the possibility of improving the process under study. The article formulates and describes the general and specific principles governing the organizational and procedural aspects of the educational process, the activities of the subjects and external relations, which determine the effectiveness of the projected pedagogical process in the formation of the readiness of military personnel for self-educational activities. The described patterns and principles that ensure scientific character in the provisions contained in them reflect the characteristics of the phenomenon under study and reveal the procedures for its implementation.

Keywords: Self-education of military personnel, the formation of self-educational competence, patterns, principles

Mozgovaya Natal'ja Nikolaevna, Manvelyan Nvard Galustovna THE SPECIFICS OF THE FUNCTION OF THE BOUNDARY OF PERSONAL SPACE AND THE LEVEL OF SUBJECTIVE CONTROL IN MARRIED COUPLES // Pedagogical Review. 2021. Issue 5 (39). P. 208-221

The article presents the study of the sovereignty of the psychological space of the individual, the function of its boundary and the level of subjective control in married couples with different family experience. The research is based on the modern methods of T. S. Levy, S. K. Nartova-Bochaver, using which we continued to study the phenomenon of personal space, its boundary from the point of view of the subject-environment approach. The study of the psychological boundary of a person’s personal space is a topical topic not only within the individual, but also in the problems of family relations. The family is the primary element of the social space that forms the content characteristics of the personal space of a person who in the future, creating his family, forms such a space for his children. The most important characteristic of psychological space is the integrity of its boundaries. The presence of a holistic psychological space plays an important role in family relationships. The study involved married couples with different experience of family life: less than 7 years and more than 7 years, a total of 110 people. Differences in the «sovereignty of social ties», violations of the boundaries of the physical «I», the territorial integrity of families with different life experience are established. This study continues a series of studies on the specifics of the psychological space of the individual not only in the subjects of the educational sphere of school, university, but also in adult respondents.

Keywords: psychological space of the individual, functions of the border, subjective control, experience of family life

Akulova Elena Gennad'evna TRANSFORMATION OF MONTESSORI TEACHERS IN RUSSIA AND FOREIGN COUNTRIES, RANGING FROM SPECIAL EDUCATION TO INCLUSIVE EDUCATION // Pedagogical Review. 2022. Issue 1 (41). P. 124-131

Within the framework of the inclusive approach, the leading regulatory and legal documents of the Russian Federation are highlighted, the purpose of which is to provide opportunities for quality education to every child. Innovative educational processes associated with the emergence of children with special educational needs in the environment of typically developing peers are particularly noted. Using a comparative-historical approach, the author examines the development and transformation of the Montessori method in Russia: from active propaganda and acceptance to complete denial. The article describes the changes in the understanding of the Montessori method in Russia, its critical understanding by leading Russian teachers. The results of the methodological study of the key principles and approaches of Montessori pedagogy are presented. The article describes the main trends in the development of modern Montessori educational institutions abroad. The current experience of the Montessori space of the Netherlands, Germany, and the United States is considered. The general educational vector of modern Montessori pedagogy is highlighted: moving away from the closed system of special schools to an open system of education that meets the norms of a civilized society with the inclusion of people with special needs in development. Examples of complex educational Montessori institutions, a unique system of training and advanced training of Montessori teachers, Montessori that solve the problems of tolerant attitude to people with special needs in development are given. Within the framework of global trends, the specifics of the revival of Montessori pedagogy in modern Russia are identified. In the focus of Russian education, human functioning becomes important, and every child is important. Therefore, the idea of joint education of children with different levels of development, the idea of an inclusive approach, stands out. The transformation of the Montessori method is presented as a departure from special pedagogy for mentally retarded children to full-fledged inclusion through the creation of a prepared environment, joint training and the formation of a special worldview of the teacher.

Keywords: montessori pedagogy, humanistic pedagogy, self-development, free education, coeducation, inclusion

Shishlyannikova Nina Petrovna ANALYSES AND VALUE-MEANING INTERPRETATION OF A MUSICAL WORK AS PEDAGOGICAL PROBLEM // Pedagogical Review. 2021. Issue 6 (40). P. 38-44

The article observes the problem of analyses and interpretation of a piece of music from the point of view of music theorists and music teachers. The variability of approaches to the analysis is substantiated due to the category of the listeners, the genre of a piece of music, the uniqueness, the level of complexity and duration of the sound, the uniqueness of the composer’s worldview. Certain types of analysis, depending on the target orientation, are characterized, difficulties and ways of overcoming them are indicated. Analysis of an instrumental works from the point of view of intonation theory (intonation-figurative analysis) is a kind of social, historical, artistic research, in which it is necessary to organize communication between children and the author and performers of the composition in the form of a live dialogue aimed at immersion in the artistic-figurative world of the work, identifying meaning and emotional-value relations, embodied in images-intonations, the formation of one’s own attitude towards him (V. V. Medushevsky). The presented types of music studying analyses are used in the practice of music education of schoolchildren, depending on the characteristics of the work and the preferences of the teacher. An example of musical and pedagogical analysis of an instrumental piece by students is shown as one of the possible options for using in pedagogical practice with secondary school students.

Keywords: analyses, interpretation, musical language, music teacher, children, a piece of music, values, meaning, intonation, method

Pavlova Ekaterina Viktorovna, Krasnoryadtseva Olga Mikhaylovna, Leyfa Andrey Vasilyevich PSYCHOLOGICAL FEATURES OF THE CHOICE OF AREAS OF INVOLVEMENT BY UNIVERSITY YOUTH IN THE CONDITIONS OF DIFFERENT EDUCATIONAL FORMATS // Pedagogical Review. 2022. Issue 4 (44). P. 181-196

The phenomenon of student involvement is widely presented in foreign and domestic scientific literature as one of the factors contributing to the improvement of academic performance and social activity of students, reducing the number of deductions, however, the psychological mechanism for the emergence and maintenance of involvement has not been studied enough. The article attempts to study the psychological characteristics of student involvement in the context of traditional and distance learning from the standpoint of the methodology of system anthropological psychology, which considers the correspondence between them as a key mechanism of interaction between a person and the environment, and involvement as one of the factors in the formation of personal identity. The purpose of the work is to identify the areas of involvement of students and study the motivational and value aspects of their formation in various educational formats (traditional and distance learning). As a result of using the author’s questionnaire, which makes it possible to identify the accessibility and significance for students of various aspects of the educational space, it was found that with the traditional organization of the educational process, some of the opportunities are not in demand by students, and other aspects of the educational environment seem to be underdeveloped by students. With distance learning, about a third of the educational needs of students are not met. The expectations of students are described, which, in their opinion, are not realized in the educational space of the university, regardless of the educational format. Based on the data of factor analysis, the areas of involvement of students were determined in various ways of organizing the educational process. The discrepancy between the idealized ideas of students about «student life» and «good student» and the actual content of students’ activity is revealed. For some students, identification with the university and the activities performed, involvement in them is expressed moderately. The scientific novelty of the work lies in the use of the methodology of systemic anthropological psychology for the study of involvement. Identified demotivating factors and described the areas of involvement of students. Practical significance: the developed questionnaire and the data obtained can be used to diagnose and manage student involvement both at the level of university administration (to identify and eliminate demotivating factors in the educational environment), and teachers, curators, and psychological service specialists universities.

Keywords: student involvement, systemic anthropological psychology, identity, academic involvement, social involvement, areas of involvement, demotivating factors, educational format, youth

Petrova Elena Yuryevna, Ershova Tatyana Vladimirovna PERSONALIZED APPROACH TO THE TRAINING OF FUTURE GEOGRAPHY TEACHERS // Pedagogical Review. 2022. Issue 3 (43). P. 123-132

The issue of creating a personalized approach to the training of future geography teachers is considered in the article. A comparative description of the concept of «education personalization» in the context of pedagogy, psychology, and sociology is given. The normative legal documents, which define the special status of a teacher in society and professional requirements for his personality, have been studied. It is concluded that the personalization of education allows, on the one hand, to develop the individual characteristics of students, on the other hand, to include in the process of socialization. When preparing students for the future profession of a geography teacher, it is necessary to organize a personalized approach, which is expressed in close interaction between the teacher and the student and providing conditions for self-education of both parties. The purpose of the article is to describe a model of a personalized educational environment and experience in implementing a personalized approach in the training of geography teachers. The main results of the personalized approach are four workshops developed by the authors of the article in offline format for young geography teachers of Tomsk. Important teaching tools of personalized education are the websites of teachers on the topic «Formation of a teacher’s personal educational environment» and the website of the training focuses «Professionally about the methodology of teaching geography». This model includes personal means of communication, means of teaching and self-education, the use of digital educational platforms and professional websites, improving the professional skills of teachers and students. The results are expressed in the justification of the need to introduce this model into the educational practice of pedagogical universities.

Keywords: personalization, personalized approach, professional skills, model of personalized educational environment

Dekina Elena Viktorovna, Shalaginova Kseniya Sergeyevna PECULIARITIES OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF PERSONAL AND PROFESSIONAL READINESS FOR PEDAGOGICAL ACTIVITY OF COUNCELLOR ASSISTANTS // Pedagogical Review. 2022. Issue 4 (44). P. 172-180

The question of the development of personal and professional readiness for pedagogical activity among counselors’ assistants is considered. The concept of “personal and professional readiness” is analyzed. The article is devoted to the problem of training counselors - future teachers who can help the child enter the new digital world and not lose their individuality. Its purpose is to identify the features of the development of personal and professional readiness for pedagogical activity among counselor assistants, to develop and test a program aimed at developing personal and professional readiness for pedagogical activity among counselor assistants. The results of the study and the experience of testing the program are presented, within the framework of which not only the formation of interest in the teaching profession, but also the development of the necessary competencies takes place. The author’s approach to the content of the program is to use innovative technologies: an interactive seminar, business games, classes with elements of training, art therapy, parables, project sessions, workshops, professional tests, remote interaction, etc. The study used theoretical, empirical methods and methods data processing. The study was conducted on the basis of the children’s public association “Young Aleksin” in Aleksin, Tula region. The study involved assistant counselors in the amount of 20 people aged 15 to 17 years. The results of the study can be used in the preparation of counselors for work in children’s healthimproving, school camps; students who are interested in teaching activities.

Keywords: counselor’s assistant, teacher’s profession, children’s health camp, personal and professional readiness, pedagogical activity, professional self-determination, training program

Pozdeeva Svetlana Ivanovna PROFESSIONAL DEVELOPMENT OF A TEACHER AS A RESPONSE TO EXTERNAL CURRENT CHALLENGES // Pedagogical Review. 2022. Issue 2 (42). P. 40-47

The problem of professional development of a teacher is posed as a process of constant change of external requirements to the list and level of formation of professional competencies and the list of professional and personal qualities. As external challenges of this process, the focus on the development of self-managed learners and the implementation of the anthropological mission of modern education are highlighted. Different approaches to the professional development of a teacher are analyzed: the development of educational technologies, involvement in educational innovations, the development of research skills. It is emphasized that the development of innovative technologies requires special readiness of the teacher, the different level of which is manifested in different positions in relation to technology: indecisive, skeptics, innovators, researchers. It is proved that all teachers should be involved in innovation and their work should be aimed at this. It is proved that the formation of a teacher’s research culture is associated with the development of that area of his professional interests, which can become the subject of special study and real change at the level of educational practice. In conclusion, three directions of the development of pedagogical activity are highlighted: the development of professional mobility, open professionalism and dialogization of joint professional activity.

Keywords: pedagogical activity, professionalism, educational technologies, innovative activity, research skills

Vakurin Anatoliy Nikolaevich, Bondarenko Elena Valeryevna IMPROVING THE PROFESSIONAL TRAINING OF A SPECIALIST IN PHYSICAL EDUCATION AND SPORT ON THE BASIS OF INCREASING COMPETENCE IN STATE AND MUNICIPAL ADMINISTRATION // Pedagogical Review. 2021. Issue 5 (39). P. 112-119

The Physical culture and sport branch is currently in the stage of active reforming. The system is being modernized. Approaches to the organization of labor and educational-training activities, as well as physical-mass work with various population groups are being revised. The specifics of professional activity in this area is becoming more and more obvious and requires specialists to have appropriate special professional competencies. In the context of reforming, the training of qualified management personnel with the necessary knowledge and practical skills in organizing and managing the activities of state (municipal) and public physical and sport organizations is particularly relevant. The current federal state educational standards in the direction of (bachelors, masters) «pedagogical education» consider the need to form graduates’ readiness to solve problems of professional activity not only of pedagogical, but also of organizational and managerial type. The article gives the results of studies aimed at improving the professional education of students, that are future teachers in physical culture and sports on the basis of increasing their competence in matters of state and municipal administration. Based on a questionnaire survey of state (municipal) civil employees in charge of management in the field of physical culture and sports, there was made a list of professionally significant knowledge, skills and abilities necessary for a specialist to effectively perform organizational and managerial functions in this area, taking into account modern socio-economic conditions. The article represents methodological recommendations for the formation of professionally significant knowledge, skills and abilities necessary for the effective fulfillment of the state (municipal) management functions in the field of physical culture and sports under modern conditions.

Keywords: professional education in the field of physical culture and sports, organizational and managerial activity, state (municipal) management in the field of physical culture and sports

Karpushina Larisa Pavlovna, Sokolova Yuliya Nikolaevna, Baranova Svetlana Vladimirovna FORMATION OF EXPERIENCE OF SOCIAL AND CREATIVE ACTIVITIES OF STUDENTS IN ADDITIONAL EDUCATION // Pedagogical Review. 2021. Issue 6 (40). P. 76-83

The importance of social education of the younger generation is actualized. The necessity of involving children and adolescents in social and creative activities, mastering the experience of constructive interaction with the surrounding reality is substantiated. The value of additional education in the implementation of social education of students is shown. Its value status is noted, seen in the unique social practice of building up the motivational potential of the child’s personality to cognition and creativity, the formation of the experience of social and creative activity. The goal is to identify the optimal ways of forming the experience of social and creative activity of students in additional education (on the example of the experience of MBUDO “Children’s School of Arts no. 2 named after V. P. Trifonov” in Vologda). The methods of the theoretical level are used, among which the priority is the analysis of scientific literature on the problem under study, generalization, systematization. The research materials are the results of the implementation of a comprehensive education program “Republic of a young volunteer” on the basis of MBUDO “Children’s School of Arts no. 2 named after V. P. Trifonov” in Vologda. It was revealed that the formation of the experience of social and creative activities of students of additional education should be carried out in the course of organizing communication, interaction with people, socially transforming activities. It is important to involve the younger generation in children’s public organizations, volunteer activities, creating conditions for the practical implementation of social initiatives, including children, teachers and parents, as well as a wide range of the public in real social practice. Collective and creative affairs, social actions, socially significant projects provide ample opportunities for children to play various social roles, thereby actively participating in social life and the process of its transformation.

Keywords: social education of students, experience, social and creative activity, experience of social and creative activity, additional education

Kuzmich Marta Gennad'evna THE PROCESS OF FORMATION OF SOCIAL AND INFORMATION COMPETENCE OF STUDENTS OF PEDAGOGICAL SPECIALTIES IN THE IMPLEMENTATION OF MEDIA EDUCATION COMPONENTS // Pedagogical Review. 2021. Issue 4 (38). P. 160-169

The article discusses the issue of the formation of social and informational competence of students (who are trained in secondary specialized educational institutions - colleges) of pedagogical specialties in the implementation of the components of media education. The characteristic of social and informational competence is given, methods of using the components of media education in the system of secondary specialized education are described. Possible ways of forming competence are presented, main directions of work are named. The article defines the components of the model for the formation of social and information competence. The characteristics of the pedagogical conditions that must be observed for the formation of social and informational competence in students in the process of implementing the educational process are given. Highlighted such pedagogical conditions as organizational - the specifics of the organization of the educational environment and its equipment; internal position and motives of the student; accounting for the content and variability of educational and program documentation. The main directions of modernization of the educational process are named: the adjustment of curricula, the introduction of modules aimed at the formation of a high level of social and informational competence among students of pedagogical specialties. The role of the teacher in the formation of the competence of students is characterized, the activities of the school of professional skills for teachers are described. The features of the current certification using WorldSkills standards are disclosed.

Keywords: social and information competence, media education, self-education, diversification, modular approach, Internet resources

Vasyura Svetlana Aleksandrovna, Nikitina Ol'ga Valer'evna EXPERIENCE OF A VITAL THREAT IN THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC AND ITS CORRELATION WITH THE PERSONALITY TRAITS OF STUDENTS // Pedagogical Review. 2022. Issue 5 (45). P. 169-179

In the context of the ongoing threat of coronavirus, it is important to study personality models that largely determine the ability to predict health-oriented behavior, as well as the risk of anxiety, anxiety, and experiencing danger. In the article, the experience of a vital threat is analyzed as an experience of danger in relation to the mental Self, body, world, surrounding people, significant as an individual value. The study is aimed at studying the experience of the vital threat under the COVID-19 pandemic and its relationship with the personal traits of students. The empirical study was used by the Experience Scale of “Danger-Safety”, R. B. Kettell’s 16-factor personality questionnaire (16 PF), the sample was students of the medical college of the Udmurt Republic (119 people). Mathematical methods processing methods were used: description statistics, correlation analysis, the SPSS 11.5 For Windows program. It was revealed that the experiences of the threat in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic in relation to the Self and non-Self are differentiated, namely: students have a more pronounced experience of insecurity in relation to the world and the people around them. The components of the experience of threat on the Scale of “Danger-security” are structurally related to the communicative, regulatory, emotional and intellectual properties of a personality. The greatest number of connections between the experience of danger-safety relief links is established with the communicative properties of the individual. The students revealed a high involvement of personality traits in the experience of danger-security in relation to the mental Self and in relation to the body. The results obtained can be applied by medical college administration, teachers, academic mentors of student groups. They can be used by practitioner-psychologists providing counselling for students of medical colleges to prevent students from negative experiences and stress in the COVID-19 pandemic and in psychological education and counseling.

Keywords: threat, danger-security, personality traits, experience, pandemic

Mornov Konstantin Alekseevich, Miroshnichenko Evgeniya Vital'evna, Shmonina Natalya Ivanovna THE USE OF THE PHENOMENON OF SYNESTHESIA IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF MNEMONIC TECHNIQUES BY STUDENTS // Pedagogical Review. 2021. Issue 5 (39). P. 222-231

The article examines the problem of developing and testing the complex of mnemonic techniques «Synesthete» within the framework of introducing the training course «Fundamentals of mnemonics» into the educational process of schools and universities. The problem of teaching mnemonic technicians is relevant for domestic and foreign psychological and pedagogical science and educational practice, since the reproduction of a large amount of educational (scientific) information requires the use of students’ memory resources, and against the background of the existing shortage of special methods and techniques of memorization, this process becomes ineffective. The theoretical basis of the research is work in the field of neuropsychology, psychophysiology, neuropedagogy, neurodidactics. Particular attention is paid to the study of the phenomenon of synesthesia. The results of the use of this complex is the development of students – the ability and willingness to activate visual, auditory and kinesthetic memory in the perception, preservation, processing and reproduction of educational information. High results are achieved by students who are creative and create their own systems for more rational work of memory, based on taking into account their own neuropsychological characteristics – the modality of internal experience. The «Synesthete» complex complements and promotes the development of the main methods of mnemonics, such as: the method of associative connections; the method of «Places» for writing texts; eidotechnics; the method of memorizing numerical information and mathematical (chemical, physical) formulas, historical dates; the method of memorizing foreign words.

Keywords: neuropsychology, neurodidactics, mnemonics, synesthesia, synesthetic abilities, modality of internal experience, students

Sokalskiy Aleksandr Antonovich, Sokalskiy Eduard Aleksandrovich THROUGH THE CHUVASH OAK FORESTS AND THE KALMYK STEPPES – THE ACADEMICIAN’S G. N. VOLKOV PATH // Pedagogical Review. 2022. Issue 5 (45). P. 148-157

The published article is devoted to the life and scientific creativity of the creator of a new branch of knowledge – ethnopedagogy, academician of the Russian Academy of Education Gennady Nikandrovich Volkov. The last decade of G. N. Volkov’s scientific creativity in the Republic of Kalmykia is analyzed and comprehended. The research material was publications about G. N. Volkov in the Republic of Kalmykia by his students, like-minded people, associates and prominent scientists, as well as the authors’ memories from personal meetings with him. The use of this unique and rich material allowed an attempt to study the last decade of the academician’s life during the so-called Kalmyk autumn. As a result, an attempt was made to analyze and reveal the path of the pioneer in the field of scientific knowledge, the essence of the concept developed by him, as well as the tools of its research. Ethnopedagogics is a universal science, which reveals the heritage of any nation, its spiritual, moral and educational potential, traditions and customs – in the same vein. Academician from Chuvashia is the successor of great classical teachers J. A. Komensky, J. H. Pestalozzi and K. D. Ushinskiy. Gennadiy Volkov is a creator of a new scientific pedagogical school, which is still relevant today, which has many Students and followers in the near and far abroad. The great son of the Chuvash people appears as a pioneer, a discoverer; an adherent of the historical kinship of the Kalmyk and the Chuvash peoples; as a romantic who deifies nature and as a public person. The quintessence of his scientific views is the concept of “personality-symbol” introduced and revealed by him in pedagogics and life. The last period of the academician’s life and his activity in the Republic of Kalmykia is described from many different sides in the present article. The Academician G. Volkov’s activity in Kalmykia was marked by the organization of a number of international scientific and practical conferences, the training of a wide range of scientific personnel – doctors and candidates of pedagogical science. Today they continue their great teacher’s work. A research laboratory of ethnopedagogic innovations was opened at Kalmyk State University at his initiative. It has become a research center with a wide geography – from Belarus and Kazakhstan to Yakutia. A fundamental work of an encyclopedic nature “Ethnopedagogical Pansophy” was prepared and published here. In the article, the outstanding Chuvash scientist is considered as an innovator, a personsymbol and a public person as well.

Keywords: ethnopedagogics, Gennadiy Nikandrovich Volkov – a founder of ethnopedagogics, great son of the Chuvash people, Kalmyk and Chuvash peoples, person-symbol, Kalmyk period of the academician

Pavlov Valeriy Yuryevich, Bobina Ol'ga Nikolaevna, Vyazigin Alexey Yur'evich PROFESSIONAL KNOWLEDGE FORMATION AMONG STUDENTS OF HIGHER PEDAGOGICAL INSTITUTIONS FOR THE TRAINING OF QUALIFIED KETTLEBELL LIFTERS // Pedagogical Review. 2022. Issue 1 (41). P. 60-69

The article presents the rationale, the development and results of testing of educational material on the topic “Training of highly qualified athletes” for academic disciplines in power sports, pedagogical physical culture and sports improvement taught at universities and at the faculties of physical culture and sports. The rationale for the content of the educational topic is based on scientific and methodological approaches to the planning of training loads in sports, theories and methods of sports training. The methodology of training highly qualified athletes according to the “pyramid” system is used in many sports, such as weightlifting, sambo, swimming, etc., but this system has not been used in kettlebell lifting, therefore it requires its own justification. From all of the above, the study of the training methodology for qualified high-skilled kettlebell lifters at the pre-competition stage is quite relevant. A program has been developed for training qualified guards on the preset stage according to the Pyramid system. The percentage ratio of the volume of general physical and special physical training and tonnage of the main and auxiliary exercises on the preset stage is determined. The effectiveness of the developed program for the preparation of qualified guards on the preset stage on the Pyramid system was experimentally proved. The educational material, theoretically substantiated, developed and tested in the training process of kettlebell lifters, is introduced into the content of the educational topic “Training of highly qualified athletes” of disciplines taught at the faculties of physical culture and sports.

Keywords: vocational training, qualified weights, preset stage, exercise stress, physical preparedness

Vakhitova Galiya Khamitovna, Safina Aelita Maratovna, Khakimova Nailya Gazizovna FEATURES OF THE IMPLEMENTATION OF MENTORING IN UNIVERSITIES: EXPERIENCE AND ANALYSIS OF EMPIRICAL RESEARCH // Pedagogical Review. 2022. Issue 4 (44). P. 107-114

The article reveals the organizational and content possibilities of a pedagogical university that contribute to the professional development of young teachers. The approaches of two pedagogical universities to the organization of mentoring are described. It is indicated that a mentor in modern conditions should perform different roles: from a consultant to a tutor and a coach. As practice shows, it is the ability of a mentor to perform various roles that makes it possible to develop and expand the professional competencies of young specialists and form a stable motivation for professional activity. In Naberezhnye Chelny one of the mechanisms for mentoring is postgraduate support for young professionals. As an example of the peculiarities of the organization of mentoring in Tomsk, the experience of working together in the center of quasi-professional activity, where students can carry out professional activities in the organization of pre-school education, their first professional tests under the guidance of teachers-mentors is given. The article presents the results of a questionnaire survey of graduate groups of Naberezhnye Chelny and Tomsk State Pedagogical Universities in a comparative context. The authors concluded that different respondents, divided not only geographically, but also mentally, may have different opinions. The results of a survey of respondents from different universities can guide the teaching community to work on consolidating collegial efforts to create and implement joint projects, programs and events.

Keywords: mentoring, postgraduate support, professional adaptation, questioning, young specialist, mentor qualities

Kruchkova Nina Vladimirovna, Pervushina Olga Vasilyevna IINDIVIDUAL PROFESSIONAL AND CREATIVE TRAJECTORY OF STUDENT DEVELOPMENT AS A STRATEGY OF MODERN MUSIC EDUCATION // Pedagogical Review. 2021. Issue 5 (39). P. 148-155

The article deals with the problem of actualizing personality-oriented approaches in the system of higher music education as a strategy driven by the challenges of modern culture. It is noted that today the professional environment requires, in addition to mastering performing skills, the formation of the ability for self-development, self-actualization, independent choice of strategies for creative development, adaptive and communication skills and abilities. The constructing by the teacher, together with the student, of an individually creative trajectory of the development of a musician-performer is assessed as a way to achieve these goals. The concept of «individual professional and creative developmental trajectory» of a student as musician-performer through the synthesis of professional and creative competencies and the availability of soft skills has been explicated. The authors propose possible approaches to achieving the set educational goals through the creation of social and pedagogical conditions, such as the primary diagnosis of the student’s musical performance level, the creation of «educational and creative situations», the development by the university the integrated formats of studies, the organization of all types of practices in the context of an individual development trajectory, independent work of a student as a tool for updating the process of forming competencies. The article considers and analyzes the peculiarities of preparation of a musician-performer from the viewpoint of building the dynamics of the learning process as a movement from «subjectobject » to «subject-subject» interactions in the «teacher-student» dyad, which is based on the principle of student-centered educational process. The article suggests and describes possible strategies for building the educational process, the core of which is personalization and self-actualization of the creative potential of a musician-performer; development of motivation for self-organization, self-education, self-development in the preparation of a student; focus on productive adaptation in a professional environment, which involves the integration of professional performing skills and soft skills; unity of preserving domestic traditions of music education and openness to the dynamics of innovative educational strategies.

Keywords: music education, individual professional and creative trajectory of student development, competence-based approach, subjectivity, soft skills, educational environment of the university

Reeva Olga Yurievna PARENTS’ EMOTIONAL ATTITUDE TO CHILDREN OF SENIOR PRESCHOOL AGE // Pedagogical Review. 2022. Issue 2 (42). P. 156-165

Aspects of the influence of indicators of emotional manifestations of child-parent relationships and types of parental influence in families raising older preschoolers are discussed. The types of parental relationship and the features of emotional manifestations of parents in building child-parent interaction are considered. The analysis of the interrelationships of the types of parental relationship with the indicators of the emotional component of the parent-child relationship, including cognitive and behavioral components, is given. The analysis of the results included: the study of parental attitude as a social component; features of cognitive and behavioral components of the emotional side of child-parent interaction; correlation analysis using the r-Spearman correlation coefficient to identify the relationship of indicators of parental attitude with indicators of the emotional side of child-parent interaction. We concluded that socially approved manifestations of parenthood increase states of excitement and anxiety for children, lead to excessive control and symbiotic relationships. A set of characteristics describing the emotional manifestations of parents, contributing to the transformation of symbiotic relationships and authoritarian control of older preschool children into harmonious partnerships that contribute to the formation of an independent personality, is identified and considered. It is shown that an optimal level of parental empathy in relationships with older preschool children favorable for their psychic development exists.

Keywords: child-parent relationship, emotional manifestations of parents, components of parental attitude, senior preschool age

Kuznetsova Natalya Valentinovna, Gasanova Renata Raufovna, Arshinova Viktoriya Viktorovna, Arpentyeva Mariyam Ravilyevna SELF-IMPROVEMENT AND ACQUISITION TO A CIVILIZATIONAL HERITAGE IN TOURISM // Pedagogical Review. 2022. Issue 2 (42). P. 114-125

The authors presented the results of studying the specifics, state and prospects of tourism development for the implementation of the goals of self-improvement and familiarization with the riches of the civilizational heritage, analysis of the problems of organizing and implementing psychological and pedagogical support of tourist activities on the example of spiritual and esoteric tourism. The authors gave the characteristics of tourism as an innovative sphere of education, in which a person implements the tasks of self-improvement and familiarization with the civilizational heritage. The training of psychologists-teachers in the field of organization, implementation and psychological and pedagogical support of tourist activity acts not only as a channel for expanding their nonprofessional competencies and capabilities, providing another demanded and interesting profession, but also strengthens their own professional competencies. The authors concluded that in the process of training specialists of the «person-to-person» group, including teachers and psychologists, acquaintance with tourism activities, its competencies, serves as an important channel for the development of a future professional, rethinking narrow professional practices, technologies and models, their saturation, enrichment tourist technologies. An important role in this process has been played and is being played by competencies related to the comprehension of life and professional values, spiritual and moral aspects of life that structure the civilizational heritage of mankind. It is they and the educational opportunities of tourism that are the main focus of attention in the main, additional and ongoing (re) training of specialists.

Keywords: motives of tourism activities, self-improvement, civilizational heritage, educational tourism, spiritual and esoteric tourism, psychological and pedagogical support of tourism

Neumoyeva-Kolchedantseva Elena Vitalyevna, Volosnikova Lyudmila Mikhaylovna, Bykov Sergey Aleksandrovich ASSESSMENT OF THE OBJECTIVE ASPECT OF TEACHER’S SELF-DETERMINATION IN THE CONTEXT OF EDUCATIONAL INCLUSION // Pedagogical Review. 2022. Issue 3 (43). P. 90-100

Educational inclusion is considered as a context and ontological basis for self-determination of a teacher’s personality. The relevance of assessing the self-determination of the teacher’s personality is associated with the recognition of the personal «factor» as the driving force of inclusion. Selfdetermination of the teacher’s personality is considered on the basis of the subject-activity approach through the category of «attitude». The subjective aspect of self-determination is the relationship of the individual to himself as a subject of inclusion. The objective aspect of self-determination includes the relationship of the individual to the conditions and processes of inclusion in relation to a group of people with disabilities and people with disabilities. The dialectical nature of the connection between the subjective and objective aspects of self-determination necessitates the choice of a relevant approach and assessment tools. This approach is a subject-object approach: the assessment is carried out according to formalized indicators, but included in the inclusive processes by the subject (teacher). The subject of this study is the objective aspect of the teacher’s self-determination in an inclusive educational space. The study is aimed at identifying, analyzing and interpreting the current status of teachers’ attitudes towards the conditions and processes of inclusion in education. The presented results of the study allow us to state an unexpressed positive trend in the dynamics of teachers’ attitudes towards inclusion. In this regard, the prospects for inclusive education are associated with the “strengthening” of the identified positive trend, including in the process of professional training (and retraining) of teachers.

Keywords: educational inclusion, teacher’s self-determination, subjective aspect of selfdetermination, objective aspect of self-determination, teacher’s attitude to inclusion

Ul’yashin Nikolay Ivanovich, Il’yina Natalia Nikolaevna FEATURES OF THE ORGANIZATION OF THE WORLDSKILLS COMPETITION IN THE PREPARATION OF A TRANSPROFESSIONAL IN A VOCATIONAL PEDAGOGICAL UNIVERSITY (THE «SKILLS-CASE» METHOD) // Pedagogical Review. 2021. Issue 5 (39). P. 138-147

Theoretical and methodological approaches to the training of a transprofessional in the conditions of a professional pedagogical university on the basis of specially prepared sites of the department are presented. Analyzing the accumulated experience, the conclusion arises that it is necessary to study issues (concretization, clarification, updating) from the field of technologyoriented training due to the lack of a holistic view of the formation of the personality of a specialist capable of self-improvement and self-realization in the transdisciplinary areas of machine-building industries. Currently, in professional education, a system of training a specialist with a wide production profile is presented, but it does not sufficiently take into account the structural and content component of technology-oriented activities, the absence of which is compensated by the acquisition of experience already in the conditions of the enterprise (production). The specifics of preparing for the WorldSkills competition on the basis of a transdisciplinary approach are substantiated, the target setting and the result of each component of the activity of the structural and content model are specified. The component composition of the model includes examples of modular tasks developed using the «skills-case» method and are aimed at transprofessional training of contestants in the conditions of simulation sites of the department. The use of the «skills-case» method allows you to prepare a larger number of contestants of the championship at a qualitatively new level in the learning process, as well as in the conditions of practice not only in the chosen profession, but also in related transprofessional areas.

Keywords: transprofessional, «skills-case» method, structural and content model, WorldSkills competition, situational and production tasks

Astakhova Armini Avetikovna, Koshkarova Yuliya Aleksandrovna “MASK OF NORMALITY” OF MASS MURDERERS // Pedagogical Review. 2022. Issue 4 (44). P. 144-151

The phenomenon of the “mask of normality” of mass murderers and the key elements of the destructive Columbine youth movement are investigated. The popularity of the destructive Columbine subculture among young people, its cross-border nature, the dynamics of the number of fans growth in the Russian segment of the Internet, morу frequent attempts to implement mass killings in Russian educational institutions determine the relevance of the study. Examples of studies of Columbine, psychopathies, and school shooting are given. The characteristic of the socio-psychological profile of the school shooter’s “mask of normality” is given. The “mask of normality” of a mass murderer manifests itself in a state of mental stability that occurs after a momentary release of unconscious energy. It is described that various forms of psychopathies may have blurred boundaries and possess the qualities of a “normal character”. These forms are also more common in a mixed form and may develop into a deep pathology. The diversity and instability of psychopathies makes it difficult to diagnose and assess the clinical picture and to determine a single diagnosis for the perpetrators of mass murder. Developing a standard of diagnostic tools and a legal framework for the early diagnosis of psychopathic individuals with a “mask of normality” who can potentially join the destructive subculture of Columbine remains an urgent task.

Keywords: “mask of normality”, mass murders, columbine, psychopath, murderer, school shooting, the structure of the psyche, the unconscious

Tupichkina Elena Aleksandrovna, Andriyenko Nadezhda Konstantinovna, Semenaka Svetlana Ivanovna TRADITIONAL AND INNOVATIVE VALUES IN THE INFORMATION SOCIETY: THE PROBLEM OF INTERFERENCE // Pedagogical Review. 2022. Issue 5 (45). P. 20-29

The article actualizes the problem of ongoing changes in the value orientations of young people in the modern information society, which sets the task of studying this process. The text defines the understanding of the essence of the category “value”, reveals philosophical, sociological, psychological and pedagogical approaches to its definition. Special attention is paid to the description of traditional values, which acquire special significance in a situation of impermanence, uncertainty characteristic of modern society and the entire world space, since it is traditional culture that largely supports stability and order as the basis for the functioning of any society. The article provides a typology of traditional values and reveals approaches to their content. The article describes the innovative social values that have emerged in connection with the processes of digitalization taking place in society, which include information, knowledge, intellectual capital, virtual reality. The features of interference (interaction) of traditional and innovative values are revealed. The possibilities of using Internet technologies in order to establish a dialogical interaction of values are analyzed, at the same time attention is drawn to the need for real communication of subjects of life activity aimed at understanding the ongoing transformational processes in the field of value orientations. The task of the need to find a mechanism for the dialogical coexistence of two value systems, an adequate choice of the appropriation of innovative values by a person, taking into account the preservation of relevant traditions and spirituality, is posed. The solution of this problem is connected, on the one hand, with the comprehension of traditional values, and, on the other hand, the development of critical thinking in the younger generation, which provides the ability to analyze incoming value-relevant information, realize, give it an adequate assessment, make informed decisions, on the basis of which to form a morally justified attitude to certain values, relevant to modern society and meeting the principles of universal morality and on their basis to build their behavior.

Keywords: values, traditions, traditional values, innovative values, information society, information, virtual space, interference of values, the younger generation

Yakovleva Kristina Igorevna BARRIERS IN THE PEDAGOGICAL SUPPORT OF ELECTRONIC LEARNING IN A HIGHER EDUCATION INSTITUTION // Pedagogical Review. 2022. Issue 3 (43). P. 68-78

E-learning is becoming an integral part of the educational process in universities. Online interaction between students, students and teachers remains significant in e-learning. It affects the involvement of students in the educational process. The article deals with the analysis of the interaction difficulties in e-learning which teachers and students face in universities. The author looks for the difficulties in the results of sociological research conducted at Tomsk State University and Tomsk Polytechnic University in 2016, and the results of the focus group «Online course support» organized at Tomsk State University in 2018. The article highlights social, organizational, technical and economic difficulties for the educational process subjects in the pedagogical support of e-learning. Also, recommendations were formulated to overcome these difficulties. The main difficulties for teachers and students in quantitative research are the lack of time, the lack of ICT competencies necessary to work in an electronic campus environment. In addition, students note failures in the work of the portal. The focus group participants agree on the weak communication of teachers with students and fellow students among themselves, as well as technical difficulties when working with platforms and their technical services. Quantitative studies showed more technical and organizational difficulties, and qualitative research showed social and technical difficulties. The results will be useful for specialists and teachers involved in the organization of e-learning in universities to create an effective system of pedagogical support.

Keywords: e-learning, higher education, support of e-learning, difficulties in support of e-learning

Kudryavtseva Valentina Vitalievna CURRENT ISSUES OF MOTIVATION OF FOREIGN STUDENTS TO ENGAGE IN PHYSICAL CULTURE AT THE UNIVERSITY BASED ON THE USE OF A POINT-RATING ASSESSMENT SYSTEM // Pedagogical Review. 2022. Issue 1 (41). P. 105-114

The growing number of foreign students in Russian universities requires the search and development of new ways to optimize their educational process in educational institutions of our country. An important element of training in Russian universities is the physical education of students, ensuring the preservation of their health and maintaining an optimal functional state and working capacity. Physical education of university students is implemented in training classes on physical culture. The low motivation of foreign students to engage in physical culture requires the use of innovative approaches in the educational process. One of these approaches is the use of a point-rating system for monitoring and evaluating students’ knowledge, skills and abilities. In this regard, the issues of motivation of foreign students to engage in physical culture at the university are updated on the basis of the use of a point-rating assessment system.

Keywords: foreign students, physical education, physical culture classes, motivation, innovative methods, point-rating system

Yakubova Anisakhon Anvarkhodzhaevna, Saidov Zaynularab Zaburiddinovich STIMULATING THE READING OF ARTISTIC WORKS IN RUSSIAN LANGUAGE IN SCHOOLS OF TAJIKISTAN // Pedagogical Review. 2022. Issue 2 (42). P. 24-31

The situation of stimulating reading of Russian fiction in the schools of the Republic of Tajikistan, as well as the situation with its study by teachers in the country’s schools, where it is studied as a second language starting from grade 2, is analyzed. Literary reading remains the main means of the school subject «Russian language» and is an integral part of the study of the Russian language in the communicative and linguistic space of Tajikistan, despite the significant outflow of the Russian-speaking population. The overwhelming majority of the Tajik intelligentsia, including high-ranking statesmen, strive to maintain a common cultural, scientific, educational and information space with Russia. Therefore, today scientists direct their attention to the formation of the reading competence of students of secondary schools of the Republic of Tajikistan. Stimulation reading of works of fiction in Russian in schools in Tajikistan Discusses the possibilities of stimulating the reading activity of youth through fashion as a socio-cultural phenomenon under the influence of libraries. The possibilities of stimulating the reader’s activity of young people through fashion as a sociocultural phenomenon under the influence of libraries are considered. Such concepts as “self-stimulation of reading”, “reading mode” and “reader mode” are revealed from the point of view of the science of the reader. Attention is paid to fashionable communication among Tajik schoolchildren and the characteristics of the mechanisms of the current concept of “reading” are given information, imitation, suggestion / persuasion, the possibilities of their use to stimulate the reading activity of schoolchildren of Tajik schools are indicated. The study speaks about the level of difficulty in passing the pedagogical organization of reading Russian literature in secondary schools with the Tajik language of instruction.

Keywords: reading of work of fiction, stimulus, the Russian language, Tajik school, Russian school, reading mode

Mun’ Denis Sergeevich THE ROLE OF INDEPENDENCE IN THE STRUCTURE OF THE ACTIVITIES OF CADETS AND GRADUATES OF THE MILITARY INSTITUTIONS OF THE NATIONAL GUARD FORCES OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION // Pedagogical Review. 2021. Issue 5 (39). P. 156-165

The purpose of the article is to determine the role of independence in the military service of officers and its influence on the successful fulfillment of service and combat missions. The article examines the structure of human activity, as well as the place of elements of independence in it. Based on the study of scientific literature, the main structural elements of the concept of “independence” are determined, which allows interpreting the results of the analysis of responses to graduates of military universities of the National Guard troops of the Russian Federation. The identified shortcomings in the training of military specialists allow us to conclude that there is insufficient development of independence in their service activities. As a result, the recorded level of development of independence prevents the manifestation of non-standard, unconventional thinking, and also significantly inhibits the self-development of an officer as a person and as a specialist. Particular attention is paid to the formation of practical skills of cadets of military universities, the correspondence of the solution of practical problems in the classroom to the real requests of the command of various levels. The article discusses the possible reasons for the formation of practical skills of graduates at a level below the expected level and the problem of adaptation of junior officers to new challenges. Also, in the course of the study, the main ways of solving the problem of obsolescence of the “life” situations offered during practical exercises were determined. It is important to note that the level of professional competence of graduates of military universities of the National Guard troops of the Russian Federation is closely interconnected with the practice of their application. The article notes that the activities of a cadet and an officer are similar in structure, which allows us to offer more effective ways of shaping their behavior in non-standard / critical situations.

Keywords: independence, officer, personality, activity, graduate, experience, selfdevelopment, military institute, educational process

Katurzhevskay Olga Vasilyevna, Kochurina Tatyana Sergeyevna SOCIO-PEDAGOGICAL ANALYSIS OF THE IDEAS OF MODERN ADOLESCENTS ABOUT TRADITIONAL VALUES // Pedagogical Review. 2022. Issue 3 (43). P. 8-18

The article considers the issue of studying the ideas of modern adolescents about traditional values in the context of the transformation of political, economic and social processes. The representative sample covers 6,900 adolescents aged 14-17 in seven constituent entities of the Russian Federation: the Chechen Republic, the Lipetsk Region, the Stavropol Territory, the Krasnodar Territory, the Volgograd Region, the Belgorod Region, and the Rostov Region. Research method - questioning at the place of residence, sample structure: multi-stage, representative, quota signs: age, type of settlement. The survey was conducted using Google forms, implemented using digital computer technology. The survey was based on the developed questionnaire “Traditional Values of the Modern Younger Generation”, which includes 52 questions and takes into account the main trends in axiological regional transformations. The socio-pedagogical analysis showed that the dominant values of the respondents when choosing three answers include “a family with good relations”, “health”, “one’s own life”, “quality education”, “freedom”. The least preference is given to the following values: “peace (as a state)”, “labor”, “Motherland”. The results are structured by respondents (students of various educational institutions), by methods (results of a questionnaire survey on questions with rating scales, on open questions, etc.), by problems, etc. The necessary empirical material for the subsequent theoretical interpretation has been obtained. Conclusions are drawn about the value transformation in the orientations of the younger generation in the second decade of the 21st century, the complex and contradictory nature of their course.

Keywords: modern teenagers, traditional values, socio-pedagogical analysis of preferences

Selivanova Elizaveta Sergeevna, Gazizov Timur Talgatovich WEB-APPLICATION FOR GRAPHING OPTIMAL LEARNING PATH // Pedagogical Review. 2022. Issue 4 (44). P. 135-143

The article deals with the construction of the optimal learning path and the implementation of webapplication to form a graph of the path. The notions of “optimal path” and “individual educational path” are analyzed. The article notes the possibility of using an electronic portfolio to obtain data, the formation of an electronic portfolio of a student, its integration with an electronic information and educational environment, saving the student’s work, reviews and assessments, fixing the progress of the educational process, the results of intermediate certification and the results of mastering the main educational program, conducting all types of classes , procedures for assessing learning outcomes, the implementation of which is provided for with the use of e-learning, distance learning technologies, which takes place with the support of an electronic information and educational environment. An example of different paths of students of one group of Tomsk State Pedagogical University is given. In turn, the possibility of monitoring the further employment of a graduate or student is noted, which makes it possible to determine the optimal path of learning, which shows the further prospects for the growth of the student. As a result of the work carried out, a web application was developed for plotting the optimal learning path.

Keywords: electronic information and education environment, optimal trajectory, webapplication, schedule, electronic portfolio

Gefan Grigoriy Davydovich APPLICATION OF GAME THEORY AGAINST NATURE TO CHOOSE A LEARNING STRATEGY // Pedagogical Review. 2022. Issue 2 (42). P. 32-39

The problem of choosing a teaching strategy depending on a heterogeneous contingent of students is considered. It is assumed that one of the following strategies can be used: passive, active or interactive learning. The listed strategies can be combined for a specific group of students, but they cannot be applied individually to each individual student. It is necessary to choose the optimal strategy for a specific contingent of students in order to achieve the best learning outcomes. The model of the educational process is mathematically formalized in terms of theory of game against nature. Four categories of students are introduced, correlated with different strategies (states) of «nature». Students can be characterized not only by the presence of abilities, but also by the level of motivation, and the probabilistic distribution of students by these characteristics can be known (stochastic uncertainty) or unknown. In the conditions of stochastic uncertainty, the criteria for choosing the optimal strategy can be the criteria of the maximum average gain or the minimum average risk. Decision-making in the absence of information about the probability distribution of strategies of nature can be based on the criteria of Wald, Savage, Hurwitz. The same game matrix was used for the calculations, but with different assumptions about the distribution of students by type and with different decision-making criteria. The described approaches allow us to take the choice of a learning strategy with greater responsibility for its results. Practice shows the positive impact of such an analysis on the effectiveness of training.

Keywords: teaching methods, games with nature, game matrix, stochastic uncertainty, decisionmaking criteria