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Home Issues 2019 Year Issue №6 CONDUCTING EXAMINATIONS AT TATAR FEMALE SCHOOLS (BY MATERIALS OF THE TATAR PERIODICAL PRINTING OF THE BEGINNING OF THE XX CENTURY)
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Яндекс.Метрика Яндекс.Метрика

CONDUCTING EXAMINATIONS AT TATAR FEMALE SCHOOLS (BY MATERIALS OF THE TATAR PERIODICAL PRINTING OF THE BEGINNING OF THE XX CENTURY)

Murtazina Lyalya Raisovna, Zinnatullina Alsu Anvarovna

DOI: 10.23951/2307-6127-2019-6-178-184

Information About Author:

Murtazina L. R., Sh. Marjani Institute of History, Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Tatarstan (ul. Baturina, 7, Kazan, Russian Federation, 420111). E-mail: lyalyamur@mail.ru Zinnatullina A. A., Sh. Marjani Institute of History, Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Tatarstan (ul. Baturina, 7, Kazan, Russian Federation, 420111). E-mail: jamash.00@mail.ru

The system of assessing the knowledge of students in the Tatar school began to take shape at the end of the 19th century. The final forms of assessing the quality of knowledge – translation and final exams – were introduced. The phenomenon of “Jadidism” appeared, and a new female school began to rapidly develop on the model of the new-method male schools. As a result of the introduction of new secular subjects, programs and textbooks, the results became visible. This required new, advanced forms of assessing the quality of knowledge. The methodology and procedure for conducting public translation and final exams were similar, but their goals and objectives were different. During translation exams, the main emphasis was on checking and determining the level of quality of students’ knowledge, as well as attracting the attention of the general public to the problem of education and training of the female population. During the final exams, certain results were made, new tasks were outlined in the activities of the school and the life of graduates (new subjects were introduced; girls who showed good results were offered to continue their education in professional educational institutions). During these events, great attention was paid to identifying and solving women’s problems: upbringing, education, the role and place of women in the family and society, etc. In both cases, the material side of the issue had an important role: during the events devoted to the examinations, the material and financial base of the school was replenished, and the material situation of students and teachers improved. A rich source for studying this problem is the materials of the Tatar periodicals of the early twentieth century – the newspapers Vakyt (Vremya), Sibiriya, Tormysh (Zhizn’), Koyash (Solntse), etc. The authors cite individual articles from these newspapers.

Keywords: female education, girls’ schools, assessment of the quality of knowledge, exams, newspapers

References:

1. Amirkhanov R. Sistema konfessional’nogo obrazovaniya u tatar: stanovleniye i formy funktsionirovaniya [The system of confessional education among Tatars: the formation and forms of functioning] (in Russian). URL: http://www.tataroved.ru/publication/jad/2/g11/ (accessed 2 September 2019).

2. Azamatova G. B. Povsednevnost’ musul’manskikh shkol ural’skikh guberniy po materialam zemskikh obsledovaniy 1912–1915 gg. [The everyday Organization of Muslim schools of the Ural provinces according to Survey reports of the zemstvo 1912 to 1915]. Vestnik Akademii nauk Respubliki Bashkortostan - Herald of the Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Bashkortostan, 2015, vol. 20, no. 4 (80), pp. 42–48 (in Russian).

3. Validov D. Ocherk istorii obrazovannosti i literatury tatar [Essay on the History of Education and Literature of the Tatars]. Kazan, 1998. 159 p. (in Russian).

4. Aminov T. M., Benin V. L. Musul’manskoye obrazovaniye v dorevolyutsionnoy Bashkirii [Muslim education in pre-revolutionary Bashkiria]. Obrazovaniye i nauka [Education and science], 2006, no. 3 (39), pр. 118–125 (in Russian).

5. Kyzlarga imtihan [Exams girls]. El-islah [Reforma], 1908, 3 April (in Tatar).

6. Kazan heberlere (Segadet Emirhaniya mektebe...) [News from Kazan (School Sagadat Amirkhani)]. El-islah [Reforma], 1908. 4 May (in Tatar).

7. Imtihannar [Exams]. Tormysh [Zhizn’], 1915, 9 April (in Tatar).

8. Muhbirlerebezden [From our correspondents]. Vakyt [Vremya], 1906, 8 June (in Tatar).

9. Orenburg heberlere. Kyzlar mektebende imtihan [News from Orenburg. Girls’ school examinations]. Vakyt [Vremya], 1915, 7 April (in Tatar).

10. Orenburg heberlere. Imtihannar [News from Orenburg. Exams]. Vakyt [Vremya], 1915. 11 April (in Tatar).

11. Imtihanda bulgan ber hanym. Mektubler [The woman who attended the exams. Letters]. El-islah [Reforma], 1908. 4 May (in Tatar).

12. Tatar mekteplerende imtihan [Exams in Tatar schools]. Sibiriya [Sibiriya], 1912, 14 April (in Tatar).

13. Emirhan F. Kyz balalarymyz mekteplerende [Girls’ schools]. Koyash [Solntse], 1916, 25 March (in Tatar).

14. Natsional’nyy arkhiv RT [National Archive]. F. 74. Op. 1. D. 14. L .415.

15. Bagbostan. Orenburg heberlere [News from Orenburg]. Vakyt [Vremya], 1915, 5 May (in Tatar).

16. Un ellyk gyjlmi hezmet [Ten-year scientific work]. Orenburg, 1917. 21 p. (in Tatar).

17. Rakhimov S. Vinovnoy sebya ne priznala [She pleaded not guilty]. Gasyrlar avazy=Ekho vekov – Echo of centuries, 2000, no. 1–2, pp. 217–223 (in Russian).

18. Makhmutova A. Kh. Bor’ba za zhenskoye obrazovaniye u tatar (90-e gg. XIX v. – 1917 g.). Dis. kand. ist. nauk [Struggle for female education among Tatars (90-ies of XIX century – 1917). Diss. cand. hist. sci.]. Kazan, 1971, 276 p. (in Russian).

19. Bagbostan. Orenburg heberlere [News from Orenburg]. Vakyt [Vremya], 1915, 30 April (in Tatar).

20. Hisamieva R. Kargalyda Muherremov kyzlar mektebende [At a girls’ school in Kargal]. Vakyt [Vremya], 1915, 7 May (in Tatar).

21. Mirhebib Selahetdinov. Kazaly [Kazalinsk]. Vakyt [Vremya], 1915, 8 May (in Tatar).

22. I. Kargalyda Geuher hanym Remieva mektebe [Gauhar Ramieva School in Kargal]. Vakyt [Vremya], 1914, 8 May (in Tatar).

23. Kargalyda Geuher hanym Remieva mektebe [Gauhar Ramieva School in Kargal], Vakyt [Vremya], 1914, 9 May (in Tatar).

murtazina_l._r._178_184_6_28_2019.pdf ( 367.5 kB ) murtazina_l._r._178_184_6_28_2019.zip ( 358.48 kB )

Issue: 6, 2019

Series of issue: Issue 6

Rubric: ETHNOPEDAGOGY

Pages: 178 — 184

Downloads: 462

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