SYSTEMATIC APPROACH AS METHODOLOGICAL BASIS OF PERSONALITY-ORIENTED PSYCHOLOGICAL RESEARCH
DOI: 10.23951/2307-6127-2017-2-9-20
The article describes various aspects of the systematic structural approach as a methodological basis for personality-oriented psychological research. Presents general background of the theory of systems, describes B. F. Lomov’s systematic approach, M. S. Rogovin’s systematic and structural approach and G. W. Zalewskiy’s systematic personality-oriented approach. The use of the systematic methods allows us to solve the tasks of systematics, planning and organization of a comprehensive research. The systematic approach is applicable only to objects that are characterized by a high degree of functional detachmennt. The aim of the systematic approach is to build theoretical basis, to organize and conduct empirical research, to obtain conclusions containing new knowledge. In psychology, the systematic approach is applied to the study of individual objects and its elements, set of objects, complex, polysemic phenomena, such as: superior mental functions, structure of the personality, the phenomena of intra- and interpersonal conflicts, mutual interference of systems “personality” – “society”, interaction between systems “organism” – “psyche” – “environment”, family relationships, reproductive behavior and maternal function, evaluation of somatic and mental health. Principle of consistency allows us to analyze each structural element of the psyche in relation to its holistic functioning. Based on the comparison and data analysis the following conclusions were made. The organization of the scientific research and psychological practice based on the principles of the systematic approach allows us to explore some aspects of mentality to the fullest extent possible, to compare data of empirical researches, to integrate them into one single gnoseological system, to understand the phenomenology of mental processes, to view interaction of mentality and of the world around us. Unlike individual approach systematic personality-oriented approach to the research and psychological correction involves compulsory reliance on personality structure: (nucleus, surface structure (shell), biological basis), taking into account personality orientation, the indication of the prospects of its further development.
Keywords: science methodology, psychology, approach, system, structure, level, element, personality, research
References:
1. Lomov B. F. Sistemnost’ v psikhologii [Consistency in psychology]. Moscow, Institute of Applied Psychology Publ.; Voronezh, NPO “MODEK” Publ., 1996. 384 p. (in Russian).
2. Berestneva O. G., Shelekhov I. L., Urazaev A. M. Sistemnye issledovaniya i informatsionnye tekhnologii v zadachakh izucheniya sotsial’no-psikhologicheskikh aspektov reproduktivnoy funktsii zhenshchin [System research and information technologies in the study of problems of socio-psychological aspects of women’s reproductive function]. Tomsk, TSPU Publ., 2010. 188 p. (in Russian).
3. Shelekhov I. L., Berestneva O. G. Reproduktivnoye zdorov’e zhenshchiny: psikhologicheskiye i sotsial’nye aspekty [Reproductive health of women: psychological and social aspects]. Tomsk, TPU Publ., 2013. 366 p. (in Russian).
4. Rogovin M. S. Razvitiye strukturno-urovnevogo podkhoda v psikhologii [The development of structure-level approach in psychology]. Sistemnye issledovaniya. Ezhegodnik [System Research. Yearbook]. Moscow, Nauka Publ., 1974. Pp. 187–230 (in Russian).
5. Rogovin M. S. Strukturno-urovnevye teorii v psikhologii: metodologicheskiye osnovy [Structurall-level theory in psychology: methodological bases]. Yaroslavl, YarSU Publ., 1977. 79 p. (in Russian).
6. Rogovin M. S. Psikhologicheskoye issledovaniye [Psychological research]. Yaroslavl, YarSU Publ., 1979. 66 p. (in Russian).
7. Rogovin M. S. Osnovnye polozheniya obshchepsikhologicheskoy strukturno-urovnevoy teorii [Main provisions of structurallevel theory of general psychology]. Poznavatel’nye protsessy i lichnost’ v norme i patologii [Cognitive processes and personality in norm and pathology]. Yaroslavl, YarSU Publ., 1995. Pp. 10–12 (in Russian).
8. Rogovin M. S., Zalevskiy G. V. Teoreticheskiye osnovy psikhologicheskogo i patopsikhologicheskogo issledovaniya [Theoretical bases of psychological and pathopsychological research]. Tomsk, TSU Publ., 1988. 233 p. (in Russian).
9. Zalevskiy G. V. Fiksirovannye formy povedeniya individual’nykh i gruppovykh sistem (v kul’ture, obrazovanii, nauke, v norme i patologii) [Fixed forms of individual and group behavior systems (in culture, education, science, in norm and pathology)]. Tomsk, TSU Publ., 2004. 446 p. (in Russian).
10. Zalevskiy G. V. O nauchnom nasledii M. S. Rogovina [On the scientifi c heritage of M. S. Rogovin]. Metodologiya i istoriya psikhologii – Methodology and History of Psychology, 2006, vol. 1, issue 2, pp. 99–102 (in Russian).
11. Shelekhov I. L., Zalevskiy G. V. Lichnost’ sovremennoy zhenshchiny cherez prizmu sistemnoy strukturno-urovnevoy kontseptsii psikhiki [Personality of a modern woman through the prism of system structured-level concept of the psyche]. Sibirskiy psikhologicheskiy zhurnal – Siberian Journal of Psychology, 2010, no. 36, pp. 36–41 (in Russian).
12. Shelekhov I. L., Zalevskiy G. V. Lichnostnye aspekty reproduktivnogo povedeniya kak sistemnogo strukturno-urovnevogo fenomena [Personality aspects of sexual behaviors as a system structured-level phenomenon]. Sibirskiy psikhologicheskiy zhurnal – Siberian Journal of Psychology, 2010, no. 37, pp. 6–10 (in Russian).
13. Bernshteyn N. A. Issledovaniya po biodinamike lokomotsiy. Kn. 1. Biodinamika khod’by normal’nogo vzroslogo muzhchiny [Research on biodynamics of locomotion. Book. 1. Biodynamics of the normal adult male walking]. Moscow, VIEM Publ., 1935. 242 p. (in Russian).
14. Bernshteyn N. A. O postroenii dvizheniy [About construction of movements]. Moscow, Medgiz Publ., 1947. 254 p. (in Russian).
15. Feigenberg J. M. Nikolai Bernstein – From Refl ex to the Model of the Future: Monographie. Münster, LIT Verlag, 2014. 272 p.
16. Feigenberg J., Zislin J. “Receptor component” and “active component” in the psychology and psychopathology of perception. Medical Hypotheses, 2000 February, vol. 54, issue 2, pp. 169–171.
17. Leont’ev A. N. Deyatel’nost’. Soznaniye. Lichnost’ [Activities. Consciousness. Personality]. Moscow, Politizdat Publ., 1975. 304 p. (in Russian).
18. Janet P. La médecine psychologique [Psychological Medicine]. Paris, Flammarion, 1923. 288 р.
19. Janet P. L’évolution psychologique de la personnalité. Paris, Éditions Chahine, 1929. 327 р.
20. Rogovin M. S., Solov’yov A. V., Urvantsev L. P. Urovnevaya struktura deystviya [The layered structure of action]. Psikhologicheskaya ratsionalizatsiya deyatel’nosti [Psychological rationalization of activities]. Yaroslavl, YarSU Publ., 1978. Pp. 10–21 (in Russian).
21. Karpov A. V. Psikhologiya prinyatiya resheniy [The psychology of decision-making]. Moscow, Yaroslavl, Institute of Psychology RAS Publ., 2003. 272 p. (in Russian).
22. Karpov A. V. Metasistemnaya organizatsiya urovnevykh struktur psikhiki [Metasystem organization of level structures of the psyche]. Moscow, 2004. 506 p. (in Russian).
23. Karpov A. V. Sistemnyy podkhod kak metodologicheskaya osnova razrabotki problemy integral’nykh sposobnostey lichnosti [System approach as a methodological basis for the development of the problem of integral abilities of the personality]. Ideya sistemnosti v psikhologii [The idea of systemic psychology]. Ed. Dr. psychol. sciences, prof. V. A. Barabanshchikov. Moscow, Institute of Psychology RAS Publ., 2005. 496 p. (in Russian).
24. Kozlov V. V. Integrativnaya psikhologiya. Teoriya i psikhotekhnika, metodicheskoye posobiye [Integrative Psychology. Theory and psychotechnics: methodical manual]. Yaroslavl, 2004. 120 p. (in Russian).
25. Mazilov V. A. Metodologicheskiye problemy psikhologii [Methodological problems of psychology]. Yaroslavl, IAPS Publ., 2006. 236 p. (in Russian).
26. Mazilov V. A. Metodologiya psikhologii [The methodology of psychology]. Moscow, IAPS Publ., 2007. 364 p. (in Russian).
27. Mazilov V. A. Integratsiya psikhologicheskogo znaniya: metodologicheskiye problemy [The integration of psychological knowledge: methodological problems]. Moscow, IAPS Publ., 2008. 122 p. (in Russian).
28. Mazilov V. A. Metodologiya psikhologii: tochki rosta [Methodology of psychology: the growing points]. Yaroslavskiy psikhologicheskiy vestnik – Yaroslavsky Psychological Bulletin. Moscow–Yaroslavl, 2009. Vol. 25. Pp. 48 (in Russian).
29. Mazilov V. A. Metodologiya psikhologii, mezhdistsiplinarnye svyazi i predmet psikhologii [Psychological methodology, interdisciplinary communication and the subject of psychology]. Chelovecheskiy faktor: Sotsial’nyy psikholog – Human factor: Social psychologist, 2010, no. 1 (19), pp. 27–36 (in Russian).
30. Berestneva O. G., Zharkova O. S., Shelekhov I. L. Sistemnyy analiz i informatsionnye tekhnologii v zadachakh issledovaniya gendernykh i lichnostnykh osobennostey sovremennykh zhenshchin [System analysis and information technologies in the problems of the study of gender and personality characteristics of modern women]. Tomsk, TPU Publ., 2013. 294 p. (in Russian).
31. Shelehov I. L., Grebennikova E. V. Il comportamento riproduttivo delle donne come sistemica a livello strutturale fenomeno. Italian Science Review, 2015, vol. 5 (26), pp. 51–57. URL: http://www.ias-journal.org/archive/2015/may/Shelehov.pdf.
32. Shelekhov I. L., Grebennikova E. V. Metodologicheskiy podkhod k issledovaniyu reproduktivnogo povedeniya zhenshchiny kak sistemnomu strukturno-urovnevomu fenomenu [Methodological approaches to research the reproductive behavior of women as systemic structural-level phenomenon]. Vestnik Tomskogo gosudarstvennogo pedagogicheskogo universiteta – TSPU Bulletin, 2015, no. 9 (162), pp. 89–95 (in Russian).
33. Karpov A. V. Metasistemnyy podkhod i psikhologiya soznaniya [Metasystem approach and the psychology of consciousness]. Moscow, Izd-vo RAO Publ., 2011. 1023 p. (in Russian).
34. Karpov A. V. Teoreticheskiye i eksperimental’nye osnovy issledovaniya metakognitivnoy regulyatsii deyatel’nosti [Theoretical and experimental bases of the study of metacognitive regulation activities]. Psikhologicheskiye problemy samoregulyatsii v XXI veke: sb. nauch. trudov [Psychological problems of self-regulation in the XXI century: collection of scientifi c articles]. Ed. V. I. Morosanova. St. Petersburg–Moscow, Nestor-Istoriya Publ., 2011. 468 p. (in Russian).
35. Kozlov V. V. Gruppovaya rabota. Strategiya i metody issledovaniya [Group work. Strategy and research methods]. Moscow, Publishing House of the Institute of Psychotherapy Publ., 2007. 224 p. (in Russian).
36. Kozlov V. V. Integrativnaya psikhologiya: puti dukhovnogo poiska ili osveshcheniye povsednevnosti [Integrative psychology: the path of spiritual search, or sanctifi cation of everyday life]. Moscow, Publishing House of the Institute of Psychotherapy Publ., 2007. 528 p. (in Russian).
37. Kashapov M. M. Gnoseologicheskiye osnovy issledovaniya pedagogicheskogo myshleniya kak kompetentnosti prepodavatelya [The epistemological foundations of the study of pedagogical thinking as a teacher’s competence]. Trudy Yaroslavskogo metodologicheskogo seminara (metodologiya psikhologii) [Proceedings of the Yaroslavl methodological seminar (methodology of psychology)]. Ed. V. V. Novikov, I. N. Karitskiy, V. V. Kozlov. Yaroslavl, IAPS Publ., 2003. Vol. 1. P. 184 (in Russian).
38. Kashapov M. M. Konsul’tatsionnaya rabota psikhologa: uchebnoye posobiye [Consulting work of psychologist: textbook]. Yaroslavl, YarSU Publ., 2005. 196 p. (in Russian).
39. Kashapov M. M. Sovershenstvovaniye tvorcheskogo myshleniya professionala [Improving the professional creative thinking]. Sci. ed.: prof. A. V. Karpov. Yaroslavl, IAPS Publ., 2006. 316 p. (in Russian).
40. Shelekhov I. L., Belozerova G. V., Martynova A. I. Lichnost’ i vnutrilichnostnyy konfl ikt v kontseptsiyakh freydizma i klassicheskogo psikhoanaliza [Personality and intrapersonal confl ict in the concepts of freudism and classical psychoanalysis]. Nauchno-pedagogicheskoye obozreniye – Pedagogical Review, 2016, no. 1 (11), pp. 9–20 (in Russian).
41. Nozikova N. V. Strukturnyy analiz psikhosemanticheskoy sistemy semeynoy sotsial’no-psikhologicheskoy tselenapravlennosti [Structural analysis of psychosemantic system of family social and psychological focus]. Kul’turno-istoricheskaya psikhologiya – Cultural-Historical Psychology, 2015, vol. 11, no. 4, pp. 44–54 (in Russian).
42. Bespalov B. I. Issledovaniye psikhologicheskikh sistem “metodom edinits” [Research of psychological systems “by units”]. Kul’turno-istoricheskaya psikhologiya – Cultural-Historical Psychology, 2015, vol. 11, no. 2, pp. 4–15 (in Russian).
( 447.76 kB ) 
( 439.63 kB )
Issue: 2, 2017
Series of issue: Issue 2
Rubric: PSYCHOLOGICAL RESEARCH
Pages: 9 — 20
Downloads: 3379